Papers

Urban resilience is an increasingly important topic because of the need to protect and optimize the value derived from the urban built environment with its constructed assets. But there is still no harmonized definition or a consensual set of descriptors for this multi-dimensional concept. This paper aims to address this knowledge gap by outlining an Urban Resilience Evaluation System (URES) with a breakdown structure of 16 indicators and 75 parameters grouped into five interrelated dimensions: environmental, economic, organizational, social, and technical. The resilience scoring of the constructed assets relies on a novel Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) approach adapted from the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This novel approach involves Automated Rational and Consistent Decision Making (ARCDM) to pre-conceptualize and simulate behavior scenarios of a virtual panel of experts with different perspectives. These behavior scenarios are organized into a pairwise multilayer decision-making matrix that overrides the need for surveys. The authors use a portfolio of buildings with seven different use types (residential, research facilities, schools, hospitals, industrial facilities, shopping centers, and hotels) to test the applicability of the proposed URES breakdown structure for buildings with different levels of importance. This allows the comparison and validation of various ranges of results expressing different perspectives.The proposed methodology can be readily used by various stakeholders of the Architecture, Engineering,Construction, and Operation (AECO) sectors involved in the lifecycle management decisions and activities ofconstructed assets. It impacts feasibility studies, design, construction, operation and maintenance, rehabilitation, and disposal of constructed assets that comprise the built environment for cities and societies.

Para determinadas condi‡äes de agita‡Æo mar¡tima e n¡vel de mar‚, sÆo frequentes os eventos de galgamentos costeiros no aglomerado urbano e a ocorrˆncia de problemas de erosÆo em certas zonas da praia da Vagueira. Para contrariar esta situa‡Æo, foram efetuados no LNEC (a pedido da Agˆncia Portuguesa do Ambiente, APA) um conjunto amplo de estudos em modelo num‚rico e f¡sico para caraterizar e analisar a viabilidade de um quebra-mar destacado (QMD) multifuncional em frente … Praia da Vagueira. Os objetivos estabelecidos para esse QMD multifuncional foram que contribu¡sse para reduzir o risco de galgamentos costeiros no aglomerado urbano da Praia da Vagueira, promover o acr‚scimo do areal da praia emersa em frente … defesa aderente, refor‡ando a defesa natural contra a erosÆo e inunda‡Æo costeira, e potenciar a cria‡Æo de ondas de referˆncia para o surf, e consequente refor‡o da economia associada a esta atividade. Na vertente do surf e dos estudos de modela‡Æo f¡sica, foram efetuados um conjunto de ensaios em modelo f¡sico 3D para analisar as condi‡äes hidrodinƒmicas em torno de um quebra-mar destacado (QMD) submerso, Sancho et al. (2021) e Mendon‡a et al. (2022). Testaram-se condi‡äes de agita‡Æo regular e irregular, com per¡odos de 10 s e 12 s, e alturas de onda de 1.5 a 2.0 m, para o n¡vel de mar‚ correspondente ao n¡vel m‚dio, NMM=+2.17 m (ZH). No seguimento daqueles trabalhos que, entretanto, finalizou, foram efetuados ensaios complementares considerando n¡veis de mar‚ de preia-mar e de baixa mar. No presente trabalho descrevem-se os ensaios de hidrodinƒmica realizados para estes 2 n¡veis de mar‚ e analisa-se a influˆncia de diferentes condi‡äes de agita‡Æo e n¡veis de mar‚ nas condi‡äes de rebenta‡Æo da onda e nos parƒmetros de surfabilidade (amplifica‡Æo de onda, comprimento da linha de rebenta‡Æo e tipo de rebenta‡Æo).

Neste artigo, dedicado à temática de uma habitação especialmente adequada para idosos e pessoas fragilizadas, mas num essencial quadro intergeracional, participativo e bem integrado em termos sociais, urbanos e arquitetónicos,(i) Sobre uma espaciosidade ou espacialidade doméstica especial(ii) Sobre a construção de uma expressiva noção global de conforto(iii) Aspetos de conforto ambiental a privilegiar para pessoas fragilizadas

Na sequˆncia dos estragos causados pelo furacÆo Lorenzo no molhe principal do porto de Ponta Delgada, foi elaborado um projeto de repara‡Æo do mesmo, tendo havido necessidade derealiza‡Æo de ensaios em modelo f¡sico tridimensional com o objetivo de avaliar a estabilidade da solu‡Æo projetada.

Em 2 de outubro de 2019, o furacÆo Lorenzo atingiu as ilhas do Arquip‚lago dos A‡ores, provocando estragos nas infraestruturas portu rias, nomeadamente no molhe principal do porto de Ponta Delgada. No sentido de minorar este problema, foi elaborado um projeto de repara‡Æo do molhe (CONSULMAR, 2020), tendo nesse ƒmbito sido necess ria a realiza‡Æo dos ensaios em modelo f¡sico tridimensional com o objetivo de avaliar a estabilidade da solu‡Æo projetada.Os ensaios foram realizados num tanque de ondas irregulares do LNEC … escala geom‚trica1:65 e contemplaram 6 s‚ries de ensaios associados a 3 rumos de agita‡Æo mar¡tima (WSW, S, SSW) e a dois n¡veis de mar‚ (baixa-mar e preia-mar) associados a per¡odos de pico (Tp) entre 12 s e 20 s e alturas de onda significativa (Hs) variando entre 8 m e 15 m, Lemos et al. 2020.

A avalia‡Æo da estabilidade do manto resistente de quebra-mares de taludes requer, na maioria dos casos, a realiza‡Æo de ensaios em modelo f¡sico. Entre os diferentes m‚todos de avalia‡Æo da evolu‡Æo da estabilidade, destaca-se a medi‡Æo do volume erodido do manto resistente por a‡Æo da agita‡Æo mar¡tima. Este volume pode ser determinado a partir de levantamentos consecutivos da envolvente dos taludes. Melby[1] apresentou uma f¢rmula para previsÆo da evolu‡Æo do dano em quebra-mares de taludes com base nas caracter¡sticas da agita‡Æo neles incidente. No presente estudo pretendeu-se utilizar um programa de ensaiosem modelo f¡sico bidimensional semelhante ao programa que conduziu … referida f¢rmula aplicado a um caso de estudo correspondente a uma sec‡Æo do quebra-mar do porto de Peniche.Os ensaios realizados fazem parte do projeto BSafe4Sea que visa desenvolver, testar e comprovar o conceito de previsÆo do comportamento estrutural de quebra-mares de talude, que constitui a base de um sistema inovador de apoio … decisÆo. Os ensaios tiverem como objetivo analisar a resposta da estrutura a diferentes estados de agita‡Æo incidentes, cujos resultados sÆo fundamentais para o desenvolvimento d e formula‡äes emp¡ricas de previsÆo da evolu‡Æo do dano.

The present work analyses the wind load effects on the 516 Arouca bridge, the world's longest pedestrian suspension bridge in 2020. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to model a range of wind incidence angles between -8? and +8?. The simulations were performed by solving the steady-state Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the k-? shear stress transport (SST) model. The simulations were carried out for different bridge configurations to determine the influence of the upper guard of the tray deck and the suspended cables on the generated loads. The numerical results were validated by performing different wind tunnel tests using a reduced scaled prototype. The predicted aerodynamic characteristics showed good agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, the drag forces obtained from the numerical analysis agree with the computed values from the Eurocode (NP EN 1991-1-4:2010) for different inlet wind velocities, ranging from 3.91 m/s to 52.84 m/s.

Old masonry buildings, which are frequently part of the cities-built heritage, are vulnerable to seismic actions. Thus, it is important to conduct efficient seismic strengthening interventions that allow maintenance of the existing building to minimize the environmental and economic impact. The use of reinforced renders is a simple and effective solution for seismic strengthening of this type of constructions. In this paper, several compositions of reinforced renders are analyzed, consisting of mortars with air lime, hydraulic lime, or cement binders, reinforced with steel mesh, fiberglass mesh and a natural fiber mesh. Additionally, the results of diagonal compression tests on three small wall specimens are presented, one of which is non-reinforced and the other two are strengthened with reinforced renders. The results of all tested walls are presented and compared, allowing us to evaluate the efficiency of the reinforced render on the wall shear strength.

This paper studies the effects of an air bubble curtain on surface water waves. Water particle velocities and free surface elevations were measured simultaneously at two cross-shore sections downstream the air bubble curtain. Measurements were carried out for regular waves regarding different air bubble curtain configurations. Free surface elevations were measured using resistive gauges and the instantaneous velocities were acquired using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The characteristics of the free surface elevation, velocity field and turbulence are analyzed and discussed. The free surface elevation was found to be constantly attenuated by the air bubble curtain. The phase-averaged velocity profiles also depict the effect of the air bubbles in the flow field by generating milder longitudinal velocities (u) and by increasing the transverse component of the velocity (w). The increase in the turbulence intensity and the different energy spectrum produced by the air bubble curtain is also analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the thickness of the air bubble curtain and the total air flow rate affects the wave field.

One of the most important concerns when designing buildings as liveable spaces is the indoor comfort. Thisdepends on different factors, including daylight availability and discomfort glare conditions.The increasing use of glazing areas in the building