Papers

Long motorway tunnels equipped with two independent unidirectional galleries are usually provided with longitudinal ventilation. This ventilation scheme, when applied to smoke control, can generate significant pressure differences between both roadway galleries, which may have an impact on the use of transverse galleries (escape routes). This paper present two-case studies where the results of measure- ments of these pressure differences taken in Mara ?o and Gardunha tunnels allowed the assessment of relevant flow parameters, as the pressure loss coefficient of the entrance portal, the friction factor in the tunnel and the coefficient of installation of the jet fans. The assessed parameters were used in the steady-flow energy equation for a streamtube to predict the impact of pressure differences on the protection of trans- verse galleries (emergency exits) in the case of fire. The results show that the pre- dicted pressure in the fire road gallery increases upstream the location of the fire and decreases downstream that location, when taking the pressure profile of the flow without fire as a reference. The models show that predicted pressure differences between the two road galleries in case of fire may be within the interval [200 Pa; - 100 Pa] in Mara ?o tunnel and [12 Pa; - 48 Pa] in Gardunha Tunnel, while the mea- surements in the no fire case show that they lay within the interval [29 Pa; - 50 Pa] in Mara ?o tunnel and [- 13 Pa; - 35 Pa] in Gardunha Tunnel

Renders should have an adequate resistance to impacts, since they must protect the substrate. The use of fibres may enhance the energy absorbed when the mortars are submitted to an impact load, which contributes to postpone the first crack, and control its propagation and width. In this study, the impact strength was measured by a falling mass from different heights. The cracking pattern and the impact energy for the appearance of the first crack and until failure were evaluated. An artificial accelerated ageing test was also performed, and the impact resistance was analysed before and after ageing. In order to analyse the effects of recycled fibres, wool, coir, flax and textile-acrylic waste fibres were used as reinforcement in cement and cement-lime mortars. The results indicated that the fibres

SAFEPORT safety system aims to daily reports to Sines harbour administration, potencial emergency situations regarding ships operation in port areas caused by extreme weather-oceanographic conditions, that may occur in the next three. It consists of a set of numerical models and a qualitative risk assessment and forecasting. It uses forecasts provided offshore of the area under study of sea agitation, wind and tide. The characterization of the response of the free and moored ships at a berth is performed using the numerical modelswhich deals with formulations in the frequency and time domain. The system issue alerts, through danger levels associated with risk levels of exceedance of recommended values for movements and forces imposed on ship mooring systems. SAFEPORT can be adapted to any port. So far, it has been developed and adapted to three terminals of the port of Sines, where three different ships were simulated. This paper presents the developments made to date of the safety system, in terms of its implementation and validation. The numerical models run every day, in real-time mode, in a computer cluster and the system provide forecast results for the next 72 hours. The results are disseminated on a web page and a mobile application in a variety of formats.

Early warning systems are an important tool for local authorities to detect emergency situations in advance and initiate the necessary safety measure. The To-SEAlert project has the aim of increasing the efficiency, robustness and reliability of the HIDRALERTA coastal hazards early warning system. This study shows a first intent to implement the SWASH numerical model to simulate wave overtopping for the Ericeira prototype. SWASH was implemented for one breakwater profile where overtopping discharge and associated risk levelsare estimated. It was compared to the current approach used in HIDRALERTA, the neuronal network NN_OVERTOPPING2. Finally, both approaches were compared with previously analysed video images of the site. The results showed that SWASH generally overestimates overtopping and is not in good agreement with the NN_OVERTOPPING2 or the video images. A possible reason might be the wave direction, which cannot be included in one-dimensional simulations in SWASH.

Understanding the risks associated with the likelihood of extreme events and their respective consequences for the stability of hydraulic infrastructures is essential for flood forecasting and engineering design purposes. Accordingly, a hydrological methodology for providing reliable estimates of extreme discharge flows approaching hydraulic infrastructures was developed. It is composed of a preliminary assessment of missing data, quality and reliability for statistically assessing the frequency of flood flows, allied to parametric and non-parametric methods. Model and parameter uncertainties are accounted for by the introduced and proposed modified model averaging (modified MM) approach in the extreme hydrological event's prediction. An assessment of the parametric methods accuracy was performed by using the non-parametric Kernel Density Estimate (KDE) as a benchmark model. For demonstration and validity purposes, this methodology was applied to estimate the design floods approaching the case study ‘new Hintze Ribeiro bridge’, located in the Douro river, one of the three main rivers in Portugal, and having one of Europe's largest river flood flows. Given the obtained results, the modified MM is considered a better estimation method.

The provision of seamless public transport supply requires a complete understanding of the real traffic dynamics, comprising origin-to-destination multimodal mobility patterns along the transport network. However, most current solutions are centred on the volumetric analysis of passengers

Anodizing is commonly used for corrosion protection of aluminum and its alloys in the construction industry. The anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) coating has a high ability to prevent the development of extensive pitting corrosion in aluminum substrates, particularly in marine sites, as was observed during a 10-year atmospheric corrosion study carried out in several marine and industrial sites. However, this study also evidenced that this coating can be highly affected by the deposition of particulate material in industrial polluted environments, sometimes in unexpected ways. This study presents information on the atmospheric corrosion of anodized aluminum exposed at two different chemical industrial complexes: a fertilizer production plant and a pulp and paper mill. Visual assessment of surface changes, pitting depth and mass variation with exposure were determined to quantify the degradation suffered. Additionally, SEM/EDS analyses were carried out on the exposed surfaces. Based on the results obtained, the role played by the deposition of airborne particles present in the two environments with respect to the type and level of damage observed is discussed. Deposits of roasted pyrite ash and phosphates or of wood chips and lime particles enhanced pitting corrosion or caused dissolution of the AAO coating.

Injecting discontinuities is a recurrent procedure for the rehabilitation of concrete hydraulicstructures, namely repairing cracked dam bodies and deteriorated lift and contraction joints.Within this scope, a relatively detailed description of the most important cement injectiongrouts features is presented, including the main advantages and drawbacks compared toalternatives. The cement-based grouts are among the most utilised materials in these contexts.Economic and environmental related aspects are among the main advantages ofcement-based grouts, although some technical features of these grouting materials are alsofavourable. The equipment utilised for the preparation and for the application of cementitiousgrouts is also mentioned. This document also addresses aspects related to the assessment ofconcrete dams

O Método dos Mínimos Quadrados Parciais (PLS), uma generalização da regressão linear múltipla, é usado para modelar dados de remoção por adsorção de três compostos farmacêuticos (PhCs), de seis efluentes secundários de ETAR a diferentes carvões ativados em pó (PACs). Para a regressão PLS, foram considerados 25 descritores: 7 descritores relacionados com as propriedades dos PhCs, 10 descritores relacionadas com as propriedades dos efluentes e 8 descritores relacionados com as propriedades dos PACs. Esta abordagem de modelação mostrou boa capacidade descritiva, mostrando que as interações hidrófobas PhC-PAC desempenham o papel principal no processo de adsorção, sendo a energia de solvatação e log Kow os descritores mais adequados. Os resultados também sublinham a importância dos efeitos de competição da matéria orgânica dissolvida em água (DOM), nomeadamente dos compostos moderadamente hidrófobos impactando a capacidade de adsorção ou dos compostos hidrófilos carregados afetando a taxa de adsorção de curto prazo, enquanto a matriz inorgânica de água só parece impactar a capacidade de adsorção do PAC e não a adsorção de curto prazo. Para o conjunto de PAC testados, os resultados apontam para a área BET como um bom descritor da capacidade do PAC, enquanto a adsorção de curto prazo parece estar melhor relacionada com o volume de supermicroporos e a densidade do PAC. A melhoria dessas propriedades dos PAC devem ser consideradas como uma forma de refinar o seu desempenho. As correlações obtidas, envolvendo o impacto de descritores relacionados com as águas, os PhC e os PAC, mostram a existência de interações complexas que uma análise univariada não é suficiente para descrever.

Neste artigo, dedicado, globalmente, à temática de um adequado acompanhamento residencial do envelhecimento trata-se, em primeiro lugar a relação entre o envelhecimento, o lazer, a arte, o contato com a natureza e a promoção de aprendizagens, seguindo-se, depois uma abordagem mais específica dos espaços para lazer, arte e aprendizagens integrados em espaços residenciais adequados a habitantes idosos e fragilizados.