Comunicações

Recommendations on the intervention plans, materials, and techniques for the conservation and restoration of built heritage should be based on sound knowledge of both heritage and its constituent materials conservation condition. Accordingly, data on built heritage and building materials and their history is essential for improvingknowledge on ancient materials and techniques, for materials performance modelling benchmarking and related development, and for further supporting the decision-making process for the conservation/restoration works.Nevertheless, of the latest developments and increased awareness, basic information on physical, chemical, and mechanical characterisation of construction materials is not always accessible or findable. To prevent these shortcomings, DB-HERITAGE system (http://dbheritage.lnec.pt/) provides physical and digital repositories for archiving data on the history, properties and performance of architectural and archeologic heritage and related building materials.This paper displays examples of samples and the related data from historic building materials, including wrought iron, protection coating and mortars, archived at DBHERITAGE, highlighting their scientific, educational, and historical values.

Recommendations on the intervention plans, materials, and techniques for theconservation and restoration of built heritage should be based on sound knowledge ofboth heritage and its constituent materials conservation condition. Accordingly, data onbuilt heritage and building materials and their history is essential for improvingknowledge on ancient materials and techniques, for materials performance modellingbenchmarking and related development, and for further supporting the decision-makingprocess for the conservation/restoration works.Nevertheless, of the latest developments and increased awareness, basic information onphysical, chemical, and mechanical characterisation of construction materials is notalways accessible or findable. To prevent these shortcomings, DB-HERITAGE system(http://dbheritage.lnec.pt/) provides physical and digital repositories for archiving dataon the history, properties and performance of architectural and archeologic heritage andrelated building materials.This paper displays examples of samples and the related data from historic buildingmaterials, including wrought iron, protection coating and mortars, archived at DBHERITAGE,highlighting their scientific, educational, and historical values.

O crescimento populacional mundial, atualizado recentemente para o valor de 8 mil milhões de pessoas e previsões de cerca de 10 mil milhões em 2055, surge como um dos principais desafios no que toca ao desenvolvimento de cidades sustentáveis e com sistemas de transportes eficaz [1].Portugal, nos últimos anos, tem apresentado vários planos de investimento nos setores de mobilidade e transportes. Contudo, a implantação e consequente exploração de uma rede ferroviária em ambiente urbano suscita uma preocupação acrescida com o conforto dos habitantes na vizinhança da infraestrutura, derivada da possível ocorrência de fenómenos de vibração excessiva. Numa fase de construção de novas linhas ferroviárias, a existência e adoção de modelos de previsão de vibrações empíricos, capazes de simular o comportamento de um maciço geotécnico à superfície, revela-se uma ferramenta útil. No entanto, dado o seu caráter empírico, encontram-se sempre condicionados pelos cenários para os quais foram derivados. Desta forma, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal a derivação e análise, por intermédio de modelação numérica avançada, de curvas de atenuação de vibrações à superfície do maciço, as quais permitem, de uma forma direta, aferir o nível de vibração expectável em função da distância à via-férrea. Este estudo tem em conta a variação de diferentes fatores, tais como: i) características e tipologia da via-férrea; ii) condições geológico-geotécnicas; iii) características do material circulante.

A common problem in urban environments, especially in old streets and buildings that have been subjectedto several interventions over time, is the lack of a register (or its update) of underground infrastructures. The GPR can be critical in identifying these subsurface structures of uncertain location and should be used in the planning and programming of direct survey and excavation works at these sites. This paper presents an application of GPR in the search for underground infrastructures in one of the courtyards of the NecessidadesPalace (18th century palace) in Lisbon. Based on the results obtained, it was possible to identify a suitable area for burying containers of municipal solid waste in the inspected yard.

Asphalt mixture faces damage due to vehicle speed, repeated loads, and ultravioletradiation over time, regardless of being a self-healing material. Induced healing mechanismsare necessary to promote autonomous pavement recovery due to adverse in-service conditions,and the capsule-asphalt mixture system incorporating low-viscosity oils (rejuvenators) hasshown to be a possible solution in laboratory tests. This study aims to numerically investigatethe effect of rejuvenator-modified mastic (activated capsules) on the stiffness properties ofasphalt mixtures within the discrete element method. A three-dimensional model previouslyvalidated for rejuvenator-modified mastics with different rejuvenator-to-bitumen ratios (0, 2.5,and 10 wt%) is adopted. A generalised Kelvin contact model represents the time-dependentcontacts, and its contact parameters define the rejuvenator amount in the mastic phase. Theanalysis assesses the impact of the modified mastic amount and the rejuvenator-to-bitumenratio. Results show that the increasing modified mastic content progressively reduces themixture dynamic modulus. When the total mastic phase has rejuvenator-modified properties,the mixture stiffness modulus significantly reduces, and the phase angle performs differentlyfrom the expected (decrease with frequency) at a 10% rejuvenator-to-bitumen ratio due to theexcessively softened state, possibly compromising the pavement mechanical performance. Fora 0.30 wt% modified mastic ratio case adopting a local effect, the embedded elements do notsignificantly influence the mixture rheological properties, especially the stiffness modulus,which may be insufficient for self-healing purposes. Nevertheless, the negligible impact on thephase angle highlights the potential of the rejuvenator-modified asphalt mixture across differenttraffic and temperature conditions.

Comunicação apresentada no ENEG 2023, 27-30 de novembro, Gondomar

Electrochemistry can provide valuable information on metallic artifacts patinas stability and conservation treatments performance. Therefore, the use of electrochemical techniques in multi-analytical studies on the conservation-restoration of outdoor copper statuary alloys has increased over the last two decades. However, despite some recent developments, for reaching their full potential, especially as regards in situ nondestructive testing there is still subject matter to be explored [1-3].The two case studies included in this communication highlight the usefulness of the non-destructive electrochemical techniques within the framework of conservation studies of copper alloy outdoor monuments.One case study refers to a 220-year-old bronze monument. Within a multi-analytical approach for the conservation state diagnosis [4], in situ measurements of electrochemical potential and resistivity were carried out over representative areas of the surface patinas. The electrochemical test results, in agreement with the other findings, revealed the less protected zones of the statue and contributed to prioritize the required interventions.The other case study aimed the assessment of conservation treatments developed for outdoor bronze monuments [5]. In this study, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to evaluate the efficacy and the durability of innovative treatments comprising eco-friendly products and procedures, such as organo-silanes coatings, limewater and cuprite deposition. These were applied to copper/bronze (85Cu5Sn5Pb5Zn) substrates with natural and artificial patinas representing urban and marine environments. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was carried out before and after weathering, according to the patina type, under natural exposure in a marine environment (C5, Cabo Raso test site) and artificial weathering in UV+sulphate salt spray chambers [6]. Untreated and Incralac® (reference) treated specimens were also evaluated for comparison. The EIS testing results showed that some of the new treatments presented better protective properties (higher and more durable corrosion resistance) than the reference treatment, being a viable eco-friendly option for bronze conservation. EIS is an important tool not only for testing and predicting the corrosion protection performance of conservation treatments applied to copper alloys, but also for understanding the processes involved in their degradation.

Drinking water treatment improvement is mandatory to face current water quality challenges, such as the need to control micropollutants present in natural waters sources, such as pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs), and cyanotoxins (naturally produced by cyanobacteria in drinking water source reservoirs under specific conditions) as well as natural organic matter (major precursor of undesirable disinfection by products). . In the frame of EMPOWER+ project, PACs were prepared by physical (steam or CO2) activation of carbonized pine nut shells (PNS, a by-product of food industry, Grupo Cecílio, PT) with particles <150

The presence of micropollutants in natural waters, as pharmaceutical compounds (PhCs), natural organic matter (NOM) and cyanotoxins (naturally produced by cyanobacteria in drinking water source reservoirs under some conditions), that resist to conventional treatments, calls for the development of advanced drinking water treatment (DWT) processes. Activated carbon adsorption is considered one of the best available technologies to tackle these current water quality challenges.In this work, high-performing powdered activated carbons (PACs) were prepared by physical (steam or CO2) activation of carbonized pine nut shells (PNS) with particles < 150

Water treatment improvement is mandatory to face current water quality challenges, being a focus of the United Nations