Publications

Neste trabalho apresenta-se o projeto BSafe4Sea - Controlo da Segurança de Quebra-mares através da Análise de um Sistema de Previsão e Apoio à Decisão, que tem como objetivos o desenvolvimento, a aplicação e o teste de metodologias de previsão do comportamento estrutural de quebra-mares de talude. Estas metodologias formarão a base de um sistema inovador de apoio à decisão para o planeamento e priorização de trabalhos de manutenção e reparação, aumentando, assim, a segurança, funcionalidade e resiliência destes quebra-mares. Apresentam-se as atividades do projeto

O projeto To-SEAlert tem como objetivo a inclusão de um conjunto de ferramentas/metodologias de modo a tornar o sistema HIDRALERTA (Poseiro, 2019, Fortes et al., 2020, Pinheiro et al., 2020) mais eficiente, fiável e robusto. Essas ferramentas incluem o uso de imagens de satélite e de vídeo, de modelação numérica e física, métodos quantitativos e probabilísticos para a avaliação do risco e planeamento de emergência, para melhorar a eficiência e a confiança no sistema, bem como proporcionar a sua validação. Este projeto tem como objetivo principal a implementação de um sistema que seja capaz de apoiar as autoridades responsáveis na monitorização, prevenção e gestão de situações de emergência. Este artigo apresenta o trabalho desenvolvido recentemente nas diferentes tarefas do projeto, entre o qual se pode destacar o desenvolvimento do protótipo do sistema para a zona costeira da Costa da Caparica, a validação do protótipo do porto da Ericeira com recurso a imagens de vídeo-monitorização, o teste de modelos numéricos para o cálculo do galgamento, e a implementação de metodologias de avaliação quantitativa das consequências do risco.

O SAFEPORT-SINES é um sistema de previsão e alerta para a segurança da navegação em zonas portuárias, englobando situações de emergência associadas a navios em trânsito ou amarrados, devidas a condições meteo-oceanográficas extremas. O sistema fornece previsões com 3 dias de antecedência da agitação marítima, das condições de vento e de maré, assim como dos movimentos dos navios, identificando as situações que possam ter consequências gravosas nos navios em manobra ou amarrados dentro do porto. Os níveis de risco associados baseiam-se em critérios de segurança e de operacionalidade, nomeadamente nos movimentos do navio e nos esforços nos elementos de amarração. Neste trabalho apresenta-se o sistema SAFEPORT em termos do seu desenvolvimento e arquitetura, do fluxo e tratamento de dados e do funcionamento dos modelos numéricos utilizados. Apresenta-se ainda o funcionamento da plataforma web e da aplicação móvel onde é possível consultar os parâmetros relevantes para aferir os riscos referidos

SAFEPORT safety system aims at forecasting and alerting, on a regular basis, emergency situations regarding ships operation in port areas caused by extreme weather-oceanographic conditions. It uses forecasts provided offshore of the area under study of sea agitation, wind and tide. The characterization of the response of the free and moored ships at a berth is performed using the numerical package SWAMS. The system issue alerts, through danger levels associated with risk levels of exceedance of recommended values for movements and forces imposed on ship mooring systems. SAFEPORT can be adapted to any port. So far, it has been developed and adapted to three terminals of the port of Sines, where three different ships were simulated. This paper presents the developments made to date of the safety system, which includes tests performed in storm situations. The numerical models run every day, in real-time mode, in a computer cluster and the system provide forecast results for the next 72 hours. The results are disseminated on a web page and a mobile application in a variety of formats. It was concluded that the SAFEPORT safety system issued alerts according to the observed reality during the storm Dora. It has also been shown to be a computer tool for the optimization of ship mooring systems. The system is currently in testing and validation phase therefore, forecasts should be interpreted as indicative.

Docking of very large ships is a delicate procedure as the kinetic energy associated with large masses of the ship can result in high impact forces causing damages to the ship, the fenders and even the quay itself. The expected berthing loads are a key element in quay design. Fenders are usually rubbery flexible elements that turn the vessel

Docking of very large ships is a delicate procedure as the kinetic energy associated with large masses of the ship can result in high impact forces causing damages to the ship, the fenders and even the quay itself. The expected berthing loads are a key element in quay design. Fenders are usually rubbery flexible elements that turn the vessel

The To-SEAlert project (Fortes et al., 2021) aims to include a set of tools/methodologies into the Early Warning System HIDRALERTA (Poseiro, 2019, Fortes et al., 2020, Pinheiro et al., 2020) to make it more efficient, reliable and robust.

Marine fenders provide the necessary interface between berthing ships and berth structures (PIANC, 2002). Their absence can cause damage to either the quay or the ship or both the quay and the ship, endangering lives, and property. Due to the complex hydrodynamics around berthing ships, the characterization of the maximum force applied to an individual fender and the force distribution among a set of fenders is an essential factor in the design and safety of maritime structures and the fenders themselves, as well as for improving existing ones. This paper aims to describe a combining physical and numerical modelling of a ship impact on fenders, in order to improve the numerical modelling of this problem.Physical modelling represents a good practice in hydraulic studies, where a scale model is used to reproduce complex dynamic phenomena. However, the use of a sophisticated numerical model (or a package of numerical models) can provide a good means to evaluate the samecomplex physical processes and, in addition, to design and test a large number of alternatives in a short time span.Both types of models have their strengths and weaknesses (Gerritsen and Sutherland, 2011). Physical models provide a natural reproduction of complex non-linear physical phenomena, therefore they are well established and considered to be truthful. On the other hand, these models can be expensive and time consuming. In addition, one has to deal with the scale effect and measurement difficulties and errors are frequent. Numerical models in turn are very efficient to simulate rapidly many physical processes and the results can be easily extracted. On the other hand, to improve the reliability of their use in practice, it is necessary to calibrate several parameters through physical model measurements and field experiments. In order to take advantage of the potentiality of the two models emerged the composite modelling which is the integrated and balanced use of physical and numerical models (Gerritsen and Sutherland, 2011). This technique also costs but provides results with a better quality than those model techniques separately and increases the confidence in the use of numerical models.The physical modeling consists of a ship scaled model, whose impact on the fenders was performed in a wave basin. Various impact velocities and angles between the ship axis and the fenders alignment were used to represent possible collision conditions. The same conditions were reproduced by a numerical package. The numerical modeling was performed using MOORNAV (Santos, 1994), which estimates the ship motions and the forces exerted on the elements of the mooring system, namely mooring lines and fenders.

Esta comunicação diz respeito à fase de testes do sistema SAFEPORT, tendo-se avaliado o seu desempenho numa situação de tempestade. Trata-se de um sistema desenvolvido para a segurança da navegação do porto de Sines, e, mais concretamente, nos seus terminais de Granéis Líquidos, Multiusos e Contentores. Para estes terminais, simulou-se o impacto da tempestade Célia nos esforços nos cabos de amarração de um navio petroleiro, de um navio de carga geral e de um navio porta contentores, respetivamente. O sistema SAFEPORT demonstrou ser capaz de antecipar os efeitos nos navios amarrados dos estados de agitação associados à tempestade Célia.

The present project addresses a problem related to the erosion effects on a breakwater barrier due to waves which leads to its degradation and that may eventually lead to lack of functionality of the structure. In the present case, the breakwater acts as a physical barrier between the Atlantic Ocean and the cargo Harbour of Leixões, in Matosinhos, Portugal, justifying the needs of health monitoring of the barrier.To monitor this structure, with a length of roughly 700 m, the need of a fast data acquisition system led to the choice of imaging techniques which allow for a fast acquisition of a diversified data set. The images were acquired using a high-resolution camera attached to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), enabling a faster and more automated procedure that leads to the systematization of the process, while being compatible with the difficult accessibility of the structure, which is surrounded by sea waves. Point clouds corresponding to the breakwater

An aerial monitoring system was developed for the maritime structures protecting the foundation columns of the airport infrastructure of the Madeira Island Airport, in the scope of research project MEGE, to complement the already existing monitoring program of visual observations. For the aerial monitoring of the berm breakwater, with about 770 m in length, a fast data acquisition system was envisaged. Imaging techniques acquired through a high-resolution camera coupled to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were used, which allowed for a very fast and efficient automated procedure, compatible with the difficult accessibility to the structure on the seaside. Point clouds corresponding to the breakwater geometry were obtained from the set of aerial images from the camera on board of the UAV, using photogrammetric techniques. In this paper, the two complementary parts of the monitoring of this structure are described and corresponding results are shown.

This paper aims to evaluate the impact of ships on fenders during the berthing process. Physical tests and numerical simulations with MOORNAV tool were performed with versions of the GulfStream ship in still water and under a set of different conditions. A comparative analysis was made between outputs of the two models considering specific conditions. The MOORNAV application resulted in a standard deviation from the physical model of 3% to 6% in relation to the maximum force exerted on each fender.

This paper aims to evaluate the impact of ships on fenders during the berthing process. Physical tests and numerical simulations with MOORNAV tool were performed with versions of the GulfStream ship in still water and under a set of different conditions. A comparative analysis was made between outputs of the two models considering specific conditions. The MOORNAV application resulted in a standard deviation from the physical model of 3% to 6% in relation to the maximum force exerted on each fender.

Neste trabalho, descreve-se a aplicação do programa OSOM+ às obras marítimas do Porto de Sines, em especial ao quebra-mar oeste. Assim, serão apresentados resultados de comparação entre as situações observadas em 2018 e 2020 no âmbito de inspeções visuais e com drone, mediante apreciação e análise de fotografias georreferenciadas, ortomosaicos, nuvens de pontos, modelos numéricos de superfície e perfis selecionados. É também ilustrada a forma como a aplicação e base de dados ANOSOM-WEB pode ser empregue quer durante as campanhas de observação, quer em gabinete. Conclui-se este trabalho com a apresentação das vantagens da recente atualização da metodologia e do que se julga ser a sua importância na tomada de decisões sobre a necessidade ou não de realizar obras de manutenção e/ou reparação nestas estruturas, ou similares.

Os mapas de risco costeiro, integrados em modelos de risco, são excelentes ferramentas de apoio à tomada de decisão no âmbito da gestão e proteção costeira em situações normais e de emergência [1], ajudando aproteger as populações e infraestruturas em risco de inundação costeira e galgamento oceânico proteger as populações e infraestruturas em risco de inundação costeira e galgamento oceânico.

SAFEPORT safety system aims at forecasting and alerting, on a regular basis, emergency situations regarding ships operation in port areas caused by extreme weather-oceanographic conditions. It uses forecasts provided offshore of the area under study of sea agitation, wind and tide. The characterization of the response of the free and moored ships at a berth is performed using the numerical package SWAMS. The system issue alerts, through danger levels associated with risk levels of exceedance of recommended values for movements and forces imposed on ship mooring systems. SAFEPORT can be adapted to any port. So far, it has been developed and adapted to three terminals of the port of Sines, where three different ships were simulated. This paper presents the developments made to date of the safety system, which includes tests performed in storm situations. The numerical models run every day, in real-time mode, in a computer cluster and the system provide forecast results for the next 72 hours. The results are disseminated on a web page and a mobile application in a variety of formats. It was concluded that the SAFEPORT safety system issued alerts according to the observed reality during the storm Dora. It has also been shown to be a computer tool for the optimization of ship mooring systems. The system is currently in testing and validation phase therefore, forecasts should be interpreted as indicative.

A autoridade portuária do arquipélago dos Açores, Portos dos Açores, SA, identificou a necessidade de dispor de um sistema de alerta precoce para os riscos associados à agitação marítima, nomeadamente os relacionados com os galgamentos costeiros e com os navios amarrados. No âmbito do Projeto ECOMARPORT, associaram-se com a Universidade dos Açores e o LNEC para o desenvolvimento de três novos protótipos do sistema HIDRALERTApara os portos de S. Roque do Pico, Madalena do Pico e Praia da Vitória. Os novos protótipos têm, para além da previsão de eventos de galgamento das proteções portuárias, a capacidade de prever esforços e movimentos de navios amarrados. As situações de emergência podem ser previstas, permitindo que as autoridades portuárias possam tomar medidas de mitigação para evitar a perda de vidas e minimizar os danos.

Early warning systems (EWS) are fundamental tool to reduce risks in coastal areas since they provide in advance the necessary information for the responsible authorities to mitigate the effects of possible emergency situation due to storms.

The case studies are Costa da Caparica coastal area and Ericeira port, both on the West Portuguese Coast.

The To-SEAlert project (Fortes et al. 2019) aims to include a set of tools/methodologies into the Early Warning Systems (EWS) HIDRALERTA, (Poseiro, 2019, Fortes et al., 2021, Santos et al., 2020, Zózimo et al., 2021, Ferreira, et al. 2021a) to make it more efficient reliable and robust.

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Realização de ensaios em modelo físico reduzido 3D para a avaliação da estabilidade do quebra-mar destacado do Porto Inlgês, Maio, Cabo-Verde

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Adverse sea conditions can cause emergency situations associated to wave overtopping, which endanger the safety of people and goods, with negative impacts for society, the economy and the environment. Therefore, a methodology to assess the overtopping risk in port and coastal areas is essential for a proper planning and management of these areas.The Portuguese National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC) has been developing the HIDRALERTA system, an integrated decision-support tool for port and coastal management, which focus in preventing and supporting the management of emergency situations and the long-term planning of interventions in the study areas. It enables the user to calculate the risk for various port and coastal activities, starting with the characterization of sea-waves, wind field and tide levels at the study regions.HIDRALERTA was already tested at different places in Portugal: Costa da Caparica beach, in Almada, and port of Praia da Vitória, in the Azores. However, in both cases, the evaluation of wave overtopping / flooding consequences was carried out using a quite simple approach. In fact, such consequences were assessed only at a global and qualitative level, based on information provided by the responsible authorities.This paper aims at testing a quantitative methodology to evaluate overtopping consequences: the Analytic Network Process (ANP). This methodology was proposed to solve complex decision-making problems and its objective is to calculate the priorities among decision elements which will define their final weights on the consequences. The ANP approach can produce interdependencies between criteria and compute the respective weight of each criterion. Such a network model with dependence and feedback improves the priorities derived from judgements and makes prediction more accurate. So, the ANP allows comparison among clusters of elements. Furthermore, in this methodology we take into account the impacts of alternatives on the importance of criteria, by normalizing the comparison matrix. Thus, the given alternatives can influence the ranking of criteria.Application of the ANP methodology to the case study of Praia da Vitória port is presented and a consequences level map is obtained.

Apresenta-se um novo sistema de alerta para navios amarrados em portos que se encontra em desenvolvimento no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil. O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA é um sistema de previsão e alerta baseado na avaliação do risco associado ao comportamento de navios amarrados em zonas portuárias.Os riscos associados a navios amarrados decorrem de movimentos excessivos, quer no plano horizontal, quer no plano vertical. Estes movimentos podem condicionar as atividades portuárias, nomeadamente cargas e descargas, mas em casos extremos podem levar à ocorrência de situações de emergência, tais como rotura de cabos, rotura de cabeços de amarração ou até colisões com o cais. As consequências deste tipo de situações envolvem sempre grandes prejuízos materiais e por vezes humanos.O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA utiliza as medições e previsões de agitação marítima para a determinação dos seus efeitos em termos de movimentos nos seis graus de liberdade e forças nas amarras e defensas quando o navio se encontra estacionado no cais. Para tal, o sistema recorre a uma série de modelos numéricos, interligados entre si. A comparação destes valores com valores máximos admissíveis pré-estabelecidos permite a avaliação, em tempo real, de situações de emergência e a emissão de alertas dirigidos às entidades portuárias.O sistema é constituído por 4 módulos:I

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