Publications

This study evaluated the durability of three innovative multilayer insulation systems incorporating thermal mortars with EPS aggregates and silica aerogel granules after hygrothermal accelerated aging and one year of natural aging at an urban site in Portugal. The loss of performance was assessed after the accelerated aging and every three months of natural aging using non-destructive testing. Chemical-morphological analyses were alsocarried out prior to and after accelerated and natural aging. Results obtained after accelerated and natural aging were compared, thus contributing towards a deeper understanding of possible synergistic effects of several degradation agents and mechanisms on the long-term durability of multilayer insulation systems. The Coffin-Manson equation showed that the accelerated aging procedure (~13 days of heat/rain cycles and 5 days of heat/cold cycles) adopted herein corresponds to approximately 11 years of natural aging in typical urban conditions. The results show a significant increase in capillary water absorption and drying capacity after aging.Extensive surface microcracking was observed after accelerated aging and after 3 months of natural aging, especially in the systems facing North. Traces of biological growth were detected on both the artificially and naturally aged systems, whereas aesthetic alterations were more pronounced in North-oriented specimens after 3 months of exposure, with significantly lower surface gloss and a darker tone. On the other hand, color change cannot be detected in the artificially aged systems (

The internal structures and the hygroscopicity of bio-based boards consisting of giantreed (Arundo donax L.) and hazelnut shells as bio-aggregates, and a sodium silicate solution asthe adhesive, were investigated. The aim was to evaluate the influence of each material (the bio-aggregates and adhesive) and their distributions in the boards on the final performance. By carrying out X-ray computed tomography, the internal structures and the porosities of the boards were determined, allowing important considerations of their hygroscopicity. The voids

ETICS are multilayer building solutions applied to the building external walls to provide animproved thermal performance to the building envelope. However, several questions have beenraised concerning the durability of ETICS, namely related to biological colonisation phenomena.Considering the high susceptibility of ETICS to bio-colonisation, the following research questions arise: (i) what is the impact of surface temperature (ST) and surface relative humidity (SRH)fuctuation on mould growth in ETICS facades? (ii) is it possible to predict mould growth onETICS under fuctuating conditions considering favourable and unfavourable growth conditions?This study aims to investigate the infuence of the hygrothermal behaviour of five different ETICS(with thermal mortars and insulation boards) on mould growth. ETICS were exposed for one yearat an urban site in Lisbon, Portugal, facing North, during which the ST and the SRH weremonitored. Concurrently, numerical simulations were performed to evaluate the hygrothermalbehaviour of the ETICS. Three theoretical indices were applied, using numerically and experimmentally obtained values of ST and SRH as input to provide an indication of the risk of mould growth. The results were complemented and validated by assessing the bio-colonisation, water performance and aesthetic properties of the ETICS. Index 1 (percentage of time with SRH

The introduction of stored product insect pests to new areas is facilitated by food trade among countries, and effective detection and monitoring programs are crucial for food security. The khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts is one of the most destructive insect species. In Portugal, T. granarium has been detected in 1988. However, no new data has been added to this information since that date. Floor traps with pheromones specific to T. granarium were used and placed inside ports, mills, and storage facilities, including warehouses and silos, between June and September in 2017, 2019, 2021, and 2022.Previous results from other sampling programs conducted between 2002 and 2008 are also referred here to add more evidence for the presence or absence of T. granarium in Portugal. Here, various types of traps, including some generalists and others with pheromones (such as T. granarium), were used. The collected insects were identified to species, or genus.Surveys conducted identified approximately 40 insect species that are associated with stored products, in a total of 23.725 insects, and among them, the weevils belonging to the genus Sitophilus C.J.Schoenherr have been recognized as the main pests that affects stored cereals. Regarding the surveys made between 2017 and 2022 and previous surveys done in Portugal (between 2002 and 2008; n = 26.719 insects identified), no T. granarium individuals were detected in any of the entomological samples, and only a few Dermestidae specimens were found across all surveys, one of them belonging to the same genus, identified as Trogoderma inclusum LeConte. With the predicted changes in climate, there is a risk of introducing T. granarium and other destructive insect pests that could displace itophilus weevils as the key stored products pest in Portugal. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor and implement measures to prevent the spread of invasive pests for effective pest management and food security purposes, using proper trapping methods and accurate and rapid identification tools.

Arundo donax (giant reed or giant cane) is a widely available, perennial, invasive, non-food crop, present worldwide and employed for several uses, including building practices. Considering the increasing demand for sustainable building materials, A. donax can be an eficient solution. This study investigated its properties as a bio-aggregate mixed with a sodium silicate solution as an adhesive. A horizontal analysis that provided a general characterization of the composite was carried out. The results showed that the A. donax-based composite had anapparent density of 517 kg/m3 , thermal conductivity of 0.128 W/(m.K), and high hygroscopicity, with a moisture buffering value of 4.33 g/(m2 %RH), property that could be both an advantage for indoor comfort and a drawback. The uncommon sound absorption behaviour can be comparable to granular materials, with the highest sound absorption coeficient values,

Arundo donax (giant reed or giant cane) is a widely available, perennial, invasive, non-food crop, present worldwide and employed for several uses, including building practices. Considering the increasing demand for sustainable building materials, A. donax can be an efficient solution. This study investigated its properties as a bio-aggregate mixed with a sodium silicate solution as an adhesive. A horizontal analysis that provided a general characterization of the composite was carried out. The results showed that the A. donax-based composite had an apparent density of 517 kg/m3, thermal conductivity of 0.128 W/(m.K), and high hygroscopicity, with a moisture buffering value of 4.33 g/(m2 %RH), property that could be both an advantage for indoor comfort and a drawback. The uncommon sound absorption behaviour can be comparable to granular materials, with the highest sound absorption coefficient values,

The search for innovative and sustainable solutions to improve the energy efficiencyof the construction industry has been a hot topic for researchers due to the tremendous impactof insulator materials in the thermal comfort of buildings. In the present work, an innovativelightweight composite material with thermal insulation properties was developed, for the firsttime, by using cardoon particles and polyurethane. The formulation of the composite materialwas optimized in terms of cardoon fraction and the polyol/isocyanate ratio, to achieve the bestcompromise between internal bond (IB) strength and thickness swelling (TS). The best performing composite was PU75-CP45, with 45 wt% of cardoon particles and 75% of isocyanate, achieving an IB of 0.41 MPa and a TS of 5.3%. Regarding insulation properties, the PU75-CP45 composite material exhibits a promising performance when compared to conventional construction industry materials by tuning its thickness. Additionally, the composite material presented very low emissions of volatile organic compounds and formaldehyde (bellow to legislation levels) and high resistance to biological degradation

External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) are frequently used to enhance the energy efficiency of the built environment. However, stains of presumable biological nature are often detected shortly after application, causing cladding defacement and altering the building aesthetics. To address which microbiota could contribute to these biodeterioration related color/aesthetic anomalies, samples collected from stains detected on the surface of building facades with ETICS in three residential sites in Lisbon, Portugal, were analyzed throughmicrobiological culture-dependent technique and culture-independent amplicon DNA high throughput sequencing taxonomic profiling. The obtained data provided a comprehensive description of microbial communities assigned to diverse taxa of the major microbial groups of heterotrophic bacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria, and microalgae (through DNA plastid detection) in the sampled stains. Based on that, we propose that new microorganisms could be added to the list of bio-susceptibility testing organisms in ETICS. Furthermore, microbiota diversity depended more on facade location and cardinal orientation than on ETICS material composition. Overall, this study reveals the unique microbial communities of color/aesthetic biodeterioration stains in ETICS facades, unlike those of other surfaces, and the associated environmental dynamics.

Laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the feasibility of producing boards or coating panels with good hygrothermal performance by using different agro-industrial wastes (grape and olive press wastes, hazelnut shells, spent coffee and pine) and adhesives (gypsum-based binder, sodium silicate solution and starch-based glue). Hygrothermal properties and resistance to mould growth, including the effect of citric acid, were evaluated. The results highlighted the benefits and drawbacks of each adhesive: the binder seems more adequate to produce bio-based plastering mortars than boards; the other adhesives seem efficient solutions to produce boards with good hygrothermal properties; for the natural glue the bio-susceptibility needs improvement.

Traditional carpentry joints can be found worldwide in many timber truss structures connectingrafter and tie beam. One failure mode of this connection result from shear in the tie beam beyond the notch either due to bad design or deterioration. In this article, the reduction in shear strength of Single Step Joints (SSJ) resulting from biological attack by anobiids was analysed. For this purpose, tests were carried out in non-degraded scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) specimens (reference) and compared to artificially degraded specimens with three different levels of degradation. The reduction of shear resistance was analysed in relation to the density of holes drilled during the degradation simulation, the loss of mass, and the reduction of the hearresistant area. At lower degradation levels, no significant reduction in shear strength was observed. On the other hand, the linear regression shows a trend of resistance reduction with increasing degradation. Despite the relatively low coefficient of determination (r2 = 0.25), the parameterthat best correlated with the residual strength was the reduction in the shear-resistant area.

Tabique is one of the main Portuguese traditional building techniques which use earth as a building material. In general, a tabique building component is formed by a simple timber structure covered by an earth based mortar on both sides. The mortar has an important role in this system because it protects the internal timber structure as well as it is a coating. Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, is the northeast region of Portugal and it is rich in terms of tabique heritage construction. Meanwhile, previous research works have shown that the existing tabique constructions, in this region, show a generalized advanced stage of deterioration. This aspect associated to the fact that there is still a lack of scientific studies done in this field motivated this research work, which its main objective is to identify and to understand the structural system of tabique dwellings. A two storey tabique dwelling located in Lamego Municipality, near Douro River, in the UNESCO classified heritage area, is used as reference in this study. Building details of the original applied structural system solutions are shown and described. The adopted connection solutions between structural components are some of the above building details which are introduced and described. Finally, the conservation stage of these elements is also analysed.

O presente trabalho apresenta um modelo analítico para o cálculo das deformações globais (deformação axial e rotação) de uma secção rectangular, em função dos esforços actuantes (esforço normal e momento flector), em regime elástico e elastoplástico, sem impor a priori uma determinada relação entre os valores destes esforços. A sua aplicação cobre os materiais com endurecimento em regime plástico e com comportamento elastoplástico perfeito, dispensando o recurso a análises iterativas, baseadas numa discretização da secção, para a determinação das deformações globais. Este modelo proporciona ainda uma base para a formulação de outros modelos análogos para o cálculo de secções estruturais correntes (em I ou RHS, p. ex.).

Este artigo apresenta o trabalho realizado com o objectivo de caracterizar o comportamento mecânico e desenvolver métodos de classificação visual e mecânica para a madeira de secção circular de Pinheiro bravo. Duas amostras, uma de 200 toros e uma outra de 59, foram obtidas numa zona do interior centro de Portugal. Após secagem, os toros foram analisados visualmente, sujeitos a ensaios não destrutivos para determinação do módulo de elasticidade dinâmico e, finalmente, sujeitos a ensaios destrutivos para a determinação da resistência à compressão e flexão, e módulo de elasticidade, segundo a norma EN 14251. Com base nos resultados obtidos, foram analisadas as características visuais mais adequadas para uso no processo de classificação visual. Como resultado desta análise foi desenvolvida uma proposta de classificação visual para aplicação à madeira de secção circular de Pinheiro bravo. This paper presents work carried out with the aim of characterizing the mechanical behaviour and developing visual and mechanical strength grading systems for Portuguese Maritime pine roundwood. Two samples, one of 200 Maritime pine logs and another of 59, were collected in an interior central region of Portugal. After drying, the logs were visually graded, subjected to non destructive tests for determination of dynamic modulus of elasticity and, finally, subjected to destructive tests, for determining its bending and compression strength and bending modulus of elasticity, according to EN 14251. Based on results, conclusions were drawn regarding the most appropriate features to be used in the visual strength grading process. From this analysis a proposal was developed to visually grade Portuguese Maritime pine roundwood.

A conservação da madeira em edifícios, entendida como o conjunto de acções destinadas a prolongar a sua vida útil, é essencial para a manutenção da autenticidade e integridade do património construído. O conceito de

: Os prumos telescópicos extensíveis são elementos estruturais correntemente utilizados em trabalhos de construção, reforço ou reabilitação de estruturas permanentes, tipicamente lajes de edifícios. Servem de suporte a essas estruturas, devido à sua insuficiente capacidade resistente ou rigidez. Foi recentemente concluído no LNEC um estudo experimental com o objectivo de avaliar o comportamento estrutural e a resistência última destes elementos estruturais. Este trabalho tem como objectivo destacar a importância do controlo da Qualidade dos prumos telescópicos extensíveis, muitas vezes produzidos em países onde não são respeitadas as exigências da normalização europeia em vigor em Portugal

A reparação ou reforço de elementos degradados em estruturas de madeira em serviço pode em alguns casos ser feita com a introdução de próteses de madeira nova, ligadas à madeira existente através de chapas ou varões colados. Nestas intervenções são geralmente usadas colas epoxídicas, por serem as mais adequadas à execução de colagens em obra. O principal inconveniente destas colas é o facto de serem bastante sensíveis a temperaturas de serviço elevadas, resultando na redução da resistência e da rigidez das juntas coladas.Estudos anteriores realizados no LNEC mostraram que a resposta das colas epoxídicas à temperatura pode ser melhorada com o aumento da temperatura durante o processo de cura ou com a pós-cura das juntas de madeira coladas. Esta comunicação apresenta o trabalho experimental, desenvolvido no LNEC, sobre a influência da aplicação de pós-cura em juntas coladas com colas epoxídicas através de resistências eléctricas embebidas na linha de cola. Os resultados mostram que a aplicação de pós-cura pelo método proposto melhora efectivamente o comportamento das juntas coladas, face à situação da junta colada simples. Repair or strengthening of damaged structural timber members can sometimes be made with the introduction of prostheses of new timber glued to the old one through plates or rods. In these interventions epoxy adhesives are commonly used, as they are most suitable for in situ work. The main drawback of these adhesives is that they are very sensitive to high service temperatures, resulting in reduced strength and stiffness of the bonded joints.Previous studies conducted at LNEC showed that the response of epoxy adhesives to temperature can be improved by increasing the temperature during the curing process or by the application of a post-curing. This paper presents the experimental work, developed at LNEC, on the influence of post-cure of bonded joints, applied by electrical heating resistances embeded in the adhesive mass. The results show that the application of a post-cure with the proposed technique improves the performance of bonded joints, as compared to the situation of the simple glued joint.

Bridge falsework systems are frequently used in the construction, rehabilitation and retrofit of bridge structures. These structures have a significant impact on the cost, construction rate and construction safety of the supported permanent structures. However, the relevant stakeholders often do not consider them as important as permanent structures, and in the recent years a high number of accidents involving bridge falsework systems have been reported. A research programme was initiated aiming to contribute to a better knowledge about the structural behaviour, reliability and robustness of bridge falsework systems. In this paper the results of a series of bending tests of ledger-to-standard Cuplok® joints will be presented and discussed.

A avaliação de estruturas de madeira em serviço requer conhecimentos específicos e experiência, suscitando muitas vezes dificuldades aos agentes envolvidos na reabilitação de edificios. Esta comunicação apresenta uma metodologia para inspecção, avaliação e quantificação da segurança de estruturas de madeira em serviço e refere alguns princípios que devem reger as intervenções de conservação subsequentes.

O SIMPOLE (SIMulator of POLEs) é um programa de computador, construído em VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) do Microsoft Excel®, constituído por 2 módulos. O primeiro módulo é responsável pela geração da geometria do toro e distribuição de nós ao longo do seu comprimento. É possível, igualmente, a inserção destas características por parte do utilizador. O segundo módulo permite o ensaio do toro, gerado ou inserido, segundo o preconizado na norma EN14229. O SIMPOLE tem como output final a resistência à flexão e o módulo de elasticidade do toro, bem como a localização e causa de rotura. Este programa terá como principal aplicação a determinação das características mecânicas de toros procedentes de uma floresta, conhecendo as distribuições estatísticas dos defeitos e das características mecânicas da madeira limpa. Este programa, não finalizado, carece de validação, apresentando-se neste artigo os princípios e procedimentos do software desenvolvido. SIMPOLE (SIMulator of POLEs) is a computer program, built in VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) of Microsoft Excel Excel®, that is composed by two modules. The first module comprises the geometry generation of the pole and the distribution of knots along its length. It is also possible the definition of these characteristics by the user. In the second module, the poles are tested according to standard EN14229. SIMPOLE outputs are the bending strength and modulus of elasticity of the pole, as well as the location and cause of failure. The mains use of SIMPOLE will be the determination of mechanical properties of logs from a forest stand, knowing the statistical distribution of defects and clear wood mechanical properties. This program, not yet finalized, needs validation, being presented in this paper the principles and procedures of the software.

Plastering and rendering mortars anomalies are frequently associated to cracks, leakages, fungi colonization, etc. Frequently, these anomalies are related to the presence of moisture or lack ofventilation and thermal insulation from these materials. To try to reduce these problems and to improve the properties of the plastering and rendering mortars, a new material was tested that is mortars incorporating regranulated of expanded cork (REC), a sub-product of the cork industry. The objective of this work was to obtain mortars with better thermal insulation, reducing the condensation problems in walls. Results of the experimental tests conducted are presented for the evaluation ofproperties of the new material. The material proved to be a promising solution in relation to the classical cement mortar and can be applied to rehabilitate similar types of plastering mortars.

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O Museu da Academia das Ciências de Lisboa possui uma preciosa xiloteca assinada pelo Mestre dos marceneiros portugueses, José Aniceto Rapozo contendo 1213 amostras de madeiras do Brasil e 12 de outras origens. A sua importância no progresso do conhecimento dos recursos florestais do Brasil naviragem dos séculos dezoito e dezanove conduziu ao estudo em curso. Dada a devastação verificada em vastas áreas florestais brasileiras, surgem dificuldades por certas espécies poderem ter distribuiçãogeográfica diferente (com eventual extinção, geral ou localizada), por insuficiência do material de comparação, e por ambiguidade das designações comerciais.Foi possível identificar esta xiloteca como uma de quatro encomendadas a Aniceto Rapozo pelo Príncipe Regente. A análise das amostras de madeira e a informação documental mostram que a colecçãotem por base uma remessa de 5008 amostras de madeiras do Brasil enviada em 1784 para o Arsenal Real do Exército, em Lisboa, pelo Vice-Rei do Brasil, Luís de Vasconcellos e Souza.O valor científico do conjunto é evidenciado pela identificação botânica das espéciesrepresentadas. Na situação actual, a identificação das espécies florestais representadas na amostragem foiinteiramente conseguida em 14% dos casos, conseguida mas ainda por confirmar em 27%. Dado o carácter preliminar deste estudo, os seus resultados serão ulteriormente publicados com mais pormenor. Among the Lisbon Academy of Sciences Museum collection there is a valuable xylarium by theleading Portuguese master cabinet-maker José Aniceto Rapozo (1756-1824), comprising 1213 wood samples from Brazil plus 12 from elsewhere. This collection is most important since it allows us to improve the knowledge on Brazilian forest resources by the end of the eighteenth century and thebeginning of the next. This study aims to establish its historical framework and scientific value. Owing tooverexploitation and even devastation of very large forest areas in Brazil, difficulties for our study aroseeither as some species may have now a different geographical distribution (and eventually may have underwent local or general extinction), by lack of adequate comparison material, or because of ambiguityof the commercial names.Results so far obtained allowed us to recognize the xylarium as one of the four commanded Rapozo by the Regent Prince, later King João VI (1767-1826). Taking into account the wood samples analyses as well as bibliographic data it is possible to conclude that the collection was prepared from a set 3 of 5008 Brazilian wood samples sent to the Royal Arsenal in Lisbon in 1784 by the Brazil

This work collects information about laboratory tests to evaluate the properties of agro-industrial wastes used for thermal insulation building materials considering them individually and in composits. It focuses on bio-susceptibility, as one of the main aspects to consider for bio-based building products.

Innovation in structures and construction materials demands a more accurate performance analysis during the life cycle. In addition, climatic changes pose new challenges to civil infrastructures that were not so relevant in the past. In most cases, the traditional test methods cannot accurately assess the complex phenomena involved in durability. The modern and complex factors require a different approach to durability analysis. The purpose of this chapter is to present innovative durability tests on construction materials: wood; rammed earth, cob and unfired blocks; natural stone; bituminous binders and mixtures; and Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRP) to concrete bonded connections. Most of these tests concern the accelerated simulation of the main phenomena involved in durability performance

Laboratory tests were carried out to define production parameters of innovative eco-efficient composites made up of hazelnut shells as aggregate and a sodium silicate solution as adhesive. The aim was to maximize the content of bio-aggregates and minimize the amount of adhesive, guaranteeing the feasibility of producing samples. Therefore, after preliminary testing, the percentages of hazelnut shells and the sodium silicate solution were kept constant: 70% and 30% of the total volume, respectively. However, the characteristics of the considered composites did not allow the production of uniform samples. The sodium silicate solution was not rapidly absorbed by the bio-aggregates; during the drying process, it was deposited on the bottom side of the samples. The uniformity of the samples is required to guarantee a correct evaluation of their performance and future homogeneous panels. Hence, different production parameters were investigated, such as drying at T

The durability of construction materials is a key concern and can be related to different actions such as weathering conditions outdoors enhanced by climatic change, chemical and biological attack, abrasion, and other conditions of service over time. Frequently, several actions develop simultaneously, making it difficult to reproduce in situ conditions in laboratory. Furthermore, testing to assess durability depends largely on the nature of the material itself or on the way it has been assembled with other materials. The ageing techniques to assess long-term durability performance of construction materials are based on accelerated durability tests, which include, for example, thermal stress, freeze

This paper presents an overview of research carried out to assess the bonding suitability of Portuguese timbers.Most work developed in the last decades has focused Maritime pine timber, due to its traditional use in building construction, good mechanical properties and availability. Untreated, as well as preservative treated Maritime pine have been studied, as its impregnability allows deep treatment suitable for applications in Use Classes 3 and 4.Recent results on bonding preservative treated Maritime pine wood are discussed.Preliminary results regarding other species that are becoming available in the Portuguese market are also presented, as an attempt to reduce pressure on Maritime pine timber as well as to seek more valuable alternatives for their traditional uses.

No presente trabalho apresentam-se os resultados mais relevantes obtidos num programa experimental desenvolvido no LNEC com o objetivo de caracterizar a aderência dos varões nervurados do tipo A500NR SD existentes no mercado, fundamentalmente para melhorar a modelação do comportamento dos elementos de betão armado de zonas críticas de estruturas inseridas em zonas sísmicas.O programa experimental desenvolvido pretende simular as condições de aderência existentes num varão horizontal de uma ligação viga-pilar e tem como principais variáveis varões de dois diâmetros frequentemente utilizados (16 e 25 mm), dois níveis diferentes de área relativa das nervuras (A e B) e duas classes de betão (C1 e C2), ambos representativos do betão utilizado nas construções mais relevantes.Os resultados obtidos quer nos ensaios monotónicos quer nos ensaios cíclicos apontam para um decréscimo da tensão de aderência com o aumento do diâmetro da ordem dos 10%. O aumento da área relativa das nervuras transversais traduz-se num incremento da tensão máxima de aderência da ordem dos 15%, com uma redução do deslizamento que ronda os 15%. Nesse sentido, este estudo propôs que, no caso dos varões com maior área relativa das nervuras, a tensão de aderência máxima possa variar entre 2,35 e 2,65 vezes a raiz quadrada da resistência do betão à compressão e que o patamar onde a tensão de aderência é máxima se situe entre 0,5 e 1,5 mm de deslizamento.Explorou-se também o fenómeno da entrada em cedência da armadura tendo-se concluído que, em provetes que pretendem simular as condições de aderência existentes num varão horizontal de uma ligação viga-pilar, a entrada em cedência da armadura conduz a uma redução da tensão de aderência máxima inferior a 10%, quer regime monotónico quer em regime cíclico.

O presente trabalho de investigação refere-se à conservação de elementos estruturais de madeira medianamente degradados por fungos em edifícios antigos. Propõe-se estudar a compatibilidade entre produtos de tratamento e de consolidação por impregnação, aplicados sequencialmente. A avaliação do processo foi realizada maioritariamente em laboratório e na óptica do desempenho mecânico conjunto da madeira e produtos aplicados, por intermédio de ensaios físico-mecânicos destrutivos e não destrutivos e também por ensaios mecânicos não destrutivos realizados in situ. Foram utilizados produtos comerciais, aplicando-os às espécies de madeira correntemente encontradas nos edifícios antigos da zona de Lisboa: Pinho bravo e Casquinha. Procedeu-se à avaliação mecânica de madeira nova e antiga, em estado são e degradado; ao desenvolvimento de um método de medição da profundidade de penetração de produtos de tratamento; à avaliação da capacidade consolidante de madeira degradada por produtos poliméricos fluidos e à avaliação da sua actuação conjunta, estudada com e sem envelhecimento artificial. Os resultados obtidos indicaram significativos aumentos de capacidade mecânica da madeira degradada, quando submetida a tratamento e consolidação Este trabalho desenvolve, assim, uma proposta de solução para a madeira que não se encontra sã, mas que ainda possui capacidade resistente, não necessitando, por isso, de ser removida. O processo de tratamento e consolidação promove resistência aos agentes biológicos e, simultaneamente, recuperação de alguma resistência mecânica da madeira, conferindo-lhe capacidade para continuar em serviço.

Subterranean termites from the genus Reticulitermes are an important pest ofwood in service throughout southern Europe and elsewhere. For effective termitecontrol with long term protection but minimal environmental damage, newintegrated approaches to termite management are needed. Baiting-based systemsseem to be promising non-traditional methods for termite control, targeting thecolony as a whole. However, control through baiting is only feasible when it isknown that the toxicant can be transferred to all the colonies foraging on theinfested area and also throughout each individual colony. Accordingly, the workdescribed is specifically designed to achieve a better understanding of thedistribution and delimitation of colonies within a population of Reticulitermes,with parallel insights into foraging behaviour and colony organization.Initially, the species/subspecies spectrum present within the notionalReticulitermes group in Portugal was reassessed. It was shown that Reticulitermesgrassei is the only species encountered. Foraging activity was then assessed in anexperimental woodland site over two successive annual cycles, both by thesampling of natural lying dead wood and by a standard baiting grid. R. grasseiseem to select wood with larger diameter, with an apparent preference for materialalready decayed by fungi. Both termite and fungal attack on wood seems to bepromoted by higher moisture levels, such as prevail in larger litter items andduring seasonal rains. Termites were unable to detect and direct their foragingtowards sound wood in laboratory conditions, suggesting that the network ofinfochemical signals is more complex than just volatiles emanating from soundwood. Mark-release-recapture (MRR) was used to delineate foraging groups,which were then allocated to their parent colonies by the use of microsatellitemarkers. The results suggest that resource sharing is a facultative behaviour,specifically when food is not a limiting factor for colony development. Theimplications of all these findings for bait technology and protocols are discussed,with reference to the local population ecology of Reticulitermes.

The project CircularBuild -

Relatório final do projeto PTDC/ECM/099121/2008

O presente trabalho apresenta um projecto de versão portuguesa da Norma Europeia EN 10002-2, e insere-se numa série de estudos programados pelo autor, enquanto coordenador da normalização nacional no domínio dos ensaios mecânicos, físicos e não-destrutivos de materiais metálicos.O texto do projecto de norma apresentado consiste na versão final de uma proposta redigida pelo autor, na sequência dos estudos efectuados ao nível da Comissão Técnica de Normalização competente.

O presente trabalho apresenta um projecto de versão portuguesa da Norma Europeia EN 10002-5, e insere-se numa série de estudos programados pelo autor, enquanto coordenador da normalização nacional no domínio dos ensaios mecânicos, físicos e não-destrutivos de materiais metálicos.O texto do projecto de revisão apresentado consiste na versão final de uma proposta redigida pelo autor, na sequência dos estudos efectuados ao nível da Comissão Técnica de Normalização competente.

O presente relatório descreve a participação do LNEC no programa europeu de intercomparação de calibrações de forças

O presente trabalho apresenta um projecto de revisão da Norma Portuguesa NP 850 (1985)

O presente trabalho apresenta um projecto de revisão da Norma Portuguesa NP 386 (1965)

O presente trabalho apresenta um projecto de revisão das Normas Portuguesas NP 449 (1966)

O presente trabalho apresenta um projecto de revisão da Norma Portuguesa NP 450 (1966)

O presente trabalho apresenta um projecto de Norma Portuguesa relativo ao ensaio de dilatação de anéis de tubos metálicos, e insere-se numa série de estudos programados pelo autor, enquanto coordenador da normalização nacional no domínio dos ensaios mecânicos, físicos e não-destrutivos de materiais metálicos, com a finalidade de preencher lacunas da Normalização Portuguesa neste domínio que a indústria e as instituições ligadas ao controlo da qualidade considerem ser mais urgente colmatar.O texto apresentado consiste na versão final de uma proposta redigida pelo autor, na sequência dos estudos efectuados ao nível da Comissão Técnica de Normalização competente.

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