Publications

Worldwide cities are establishing efforts to collect urban traffic data from various modes and sources. Integrating traffic data, together with their situational context, offers more comprehensive views on the ongoing mobility changes and supports enhanced management decisions accordingly. Hence, cities are becoming sensorized and heterogeneous sources of urban data are being consolidated with the aim of monitoring multimodal traffic patterns, encompassing all major transport modes—road, railway, inland waterway—, and active transport modes such as walking and cycling. The research reported in this paper aims at bridging the existing literature gap on the integrative analysis of multimodal traffic data and its situational urban context. The reported work is anchored on the major findings and contributions from the research and innovation project Integrative Learning from Urban Data and Situational Context for City Mobility Optimization (ILU), a multi-disciplinary project on the field of artificial intelligence applied to urban mobility, joining the Lisbon city Council, public carriers, and national research institutes. The manuscript is focused on the context-aware analysis of multimodal traffic data with a focus on public transportation, offering four major contributions. First, it provides a structured view on the scientific and technical challenges and opportunities for data-centric multimodal mobility decisions. Second, rooted on existing literature and empirical evidence, we outline principles for the context-aware discovery of multimodal patterns from heterogeneous sources of urban data. Third, Lisbon is introduced as a case study to show how these principles can be enacted in practice, together with some essential findings. Finally, we instantiate some principles by conducting a spatiotemporal analysis of multimodality indices in the city against available context. Concluding, this work offers a structured view on the opportunities offered by cross-modal and context-enriched analysis of traffic data, motivating the role of Big Data to support more transparent and inclusive mobility planning decisions, promote coordination among public transport operators, and dynamically align transport supply with the emerging urban traffic dynamics.

Background. European cities are placing a larger emphasis on urban data consolidation and analysis for optimizing public transport in response to changing urban mobility dynamics. Despite the existing efforts, traffic data analysis often disregards vital situational context, including large-scale events, weather factors, traffic generation poles, social distancing norms, or traffic interdictions. Some of these sources of context data are still private, dispersed, or unavailable for the purpose of planning or managing urban mobility. Addressing the above observation, the Lisbon city Council has already established efforts for gathering historic and prospective sources of situational context in standardized semi-structured repositories, triggering new opportunities for context-aware traffic data analysis. Research questions. The work presented in this paper aims at tackling the following main research question: How to incorporate historical and prospective sources of situational context into descriptive and predictive models of urban traffic data? Methodology. We propose a methodology anchored in data science methods to integrate situational context in the descriptive and predictive models of traffic data, with a focus on the three following major spatiotemporal traffic data structures: i) georeferenced time series data; ii) origin-destination tensor data; iii) raw traffic event data. Second, we introduce additional principles for the online consolidation and labelling of heterogeneous sources of situational context from public repositories. Third, we quantify the impact produced by situational context aspects on public passenger transport data gathered from smart card validations along the bus (CARRIS), subway (METRO) and bike sharing (GIRA) modes in the city of Lisbon. Results. The gathered results stress the importance of incorporating historical and prospective context data for a guided description and prediction of urban mobility dynamics, irrespective of the underlying data representation. Overall, the research offers the following major contributions: 1.A novel methodology on how to acquire, consolidate and incorporate different sources of context for the context-enriched analysis of traffic data; 2. The instantiation of the proposed methodology in the city of Lisbon, discussing the role of recent initiatives for the ongoing monitoring of relevant context data sources within semi-structured repositories, and further showing how these initiatives can be extended for the context-sensitive modelling of traffic data for descriptive and predictive ends; 3. A roadmap of practical illustrations quantifying impact of different context factors (including weather, traffic interdictions and public events) on different transportation modes using different spatiotemporal traffic data structures; and 4. A review of state-of-the-art contributions on context-enriched traffic data analysis. The contributions reported in this work are anchored in the empirical observations gathered along the first stage of the ILU project (see footnote 1), providing a study case of interest to be followed by other European cities.

Shared e-scooter systems were first introduced in 2017 and have since been spreading around the world as a sustainable mode of transport. The success of this mode is also due to new urban mobility strategies and plans, such as the European Sustainable and Smart Mobility Strategy, which relies on non-pollutant modes. To display the range of effects that can be achieved in urban mobility through the proper implementation of shared e-scooter systems, a systematic literature review and a case study were performed. It was found that this shared system can help cities with environmental issues, such as reducing air pollution, reducing inequality in access to transport, promoting money-saving, and improving mobility resilience. During the Covid-19 pandemic, shared e-scooters became a great asset in many cities worldwide, because they promote social distancing and help cities not to rely only on private cars to replace public transport rides, especially for short distance trips. In the case study of Braga, it was found that the city still relies on shared e-scooter modes as a mobility option after the pandemic, also promoting special fares for people to start using the service.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is creating disruptive changes in urban mobility that may compromise the sustainability of the public transportation system. As a result, worldwide cities face the need to integrate data from different transportation modes to dynamically respond to changing conditions. This article combines statistical views with machine learning advances to comprehensively explore changing urban mobility dynamics within multimodal public transportation systems from user trip records. In particular, we retrieve discriminative traffic patterns with order-preserving coherence to model disruptions to demand expectations across geographies and show their utility to describe changing mobility dynamics with strict guarantees of statistical significance, interpretability and actionability. This methodology is applied to comprehensively trace the changes to the urban mobility patterns in the Lisbon city brought by the current COVID-19 pandemic. To this end, we consider passenger trip data gathered from the three major public transportation modes: subway, bus, and tramways. The gathered results comprehensively reveal novel travel patterns within the city, such as imbalanced demand distribution towards the city peripheries, going far beyond simplistic localized changes to the magnitude of traffic demand. This work offers a novel methodological contribution with a solid statistical ground for the spatiotemporal assessment of actionable mobility changes and provides essential insights for other cities and public transport operators facing mobility challenges alike.

Está em curso um projeto de geminação a cargo de um consórcio franco-português, ao abrigo do Acordo de Associação Argélia-UE, que tem por objetivo prestar apoio ao "Organisme National de Contrôle Technique des Travaux Publics" (CTTP) argelino na implementação de um sistema de suporte à decisão para a gestão da rede de estradas e das obras de arte rodoviárias. Neste artigo pretende-se dar a conhecer sumariamente os principais aspetos desta interessante cooperação científica e técnica internacional, em que Portugal é representado pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC).

In November 2008 the European Parliament and the Council have adopted the Directive 2008/96/EC aiming at the improvement of road infrastructures safety management in the Trans-European Road Network, by setting up appropriate procedures which can be extended to national networks, namely through the application of guidelines by the Member States. Research and dissemination of research results play an important part in this process. At the Transportation Department of the National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), in Portugal, a special attention has been given, over the time, to road infrastructure safety issues, either in the scope of European projects in this area or through studies within collaboration agreements with road and traffic administrations. Based upon this experience, in this article a concise description is made of the main aspects of the EU Directive and on related research studies, which provided sound scientific and technical basis for the proposed procedures, thus contributing to the overall objective of a continuous and widespread improvement of road safety.

A brief presentation is made on the background and state of progress of the Project of the “New Lisbon Airport” (NAL), launched by the Portuguese Government, to be in operation by 2017. In 2007, at the planning stage of this process, an assessment study was commissioned by the Ministry of Public Works, Transports and Communications to LNEC (the National Laboratory for Civil Engineering) for the comparison of two alternative sites for the location of the airport. The author of this article was one of the coordinators of this study whose main aspects are hereafter described.

The use of micromobility in cities has been highly associated with environmental, social, and economic benefits. These sustainability impacts can be achieved by the proper city planning before the implementation of micro vehicles, which can include pilot programs, connection to public transport to promote first-and-last mile trips, curb space management, and safety measurements. Although to better understand the real environmental, social, and economic impacts of micromobility usage in cities, some methodologies need to be used in order to measure them. Thus, this research focuses on an extensive literature review to discuss the most used methodologies to measure the sustainability impacts generated in cities by micromobility. As the results show, to measure the environmental impacts, the Life Cycle Assessment methodology can be used, followed by geospatial analysis and surveys to measure the social impacts, and conversion of health, and time-saving benefits to a monetary unit to measure the economic impacts of micro vehicles.

This research paper aims to contribute to a more sustainable mobility solution by proposing and empirically testing methods to assess the robustness of a network of a multimodal transport system, looking at aspects in the network topology. We hypothesise that the appropriate multilayered and traffic-sensitive modelling of this network can help characterise robustness and further understand the integration of different modalities. We modelled and examined the Lisbon public transports as a multiplex network, allowing us to integrate various modalities and grasp its characteristics and robustness performance. To accomplish this, we evaluate how the network decreases performance by removing nodes and edges. Comparing different failure scenarios, we concluded that we should use slightly different methods for each goal and type of removal (edge vs node). Those who involve recalculating metrics are usually the most effective. However, we identified a specific context where, counter-intuitively, that is not the case. Proposing a novel normalised version of AUC, we were able to compare side by side the robustness of each modality layer, regardless of their size and the whole network. Testing targeting strategies, we also observed that robustness tests needed to remove about half the network nodes to leave all the remaining nodes completely disconnected, and node removals are more effective than eliminating edges in this topology. Lastly, we simulate cascading events such as the breakdown of an entire transportation line. The results of this study allow decision-makers to understand the topological vulnerabilities of a transportation network.

Public transport companies operating in cities pursue their mission in a context of increasingly complexity, dealing with conflicting goals, scarce financial resources and high uncertainty levels. In this context, the research question can be posed as follows: “How can public transport companies assess their services and rethink their strategies with the assurance that socially inclusive services can be continuously provided along with other sustainability goals?” To answer the above research question, the research methodology comprised a comprehensive review of public transport planning at the strategic and operational levels along with strategic management and performance evaluation methods in public transport. A case study was carried out that included the development of an enhanced state-of-the-art method – the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) approach and its application to the context of a main Public Transport (Bus) Company managed by the Lisbon municipality in Portugal. The research reported in this paper is part of the research and innovation project - Integrative Learning from Urban Data and Situational Context for City Mobility Optimization (ILU), that includes the collaboration of two research institutes and the city of Lisbon. The BSC developed is anchored in a sustainable mobility vision and translates the strategic vision of the company into four main perspectives - financial, customer (user-centric), internal processes and learning and growth, for which strategic objectives, performance indicators, goals and initiatives are defined. The strategy map of the company was developed using the ArchiMate software which makes the cause-effect management relationships visible to all employees and stakeholders. Strategic objectives were then linked to key performance indicators of several types for enabling monitoring purposes. For example, considering the customer’s perspective, the set of strategic objectives “Promote greater accessibility by public transport”, “Retain customers”, “Maximize customer satisfaction” are related to the customer value proposition and include indicators such as the percentage of vehicles meeting accessibility standards for users with reduced mobility, total passenger transported, customer satisfaction index, etc., aligned with ensuring quality of service standards. One of the advantages of the BSC tool is to account for the impact of disruptive events (not to increase social inequalities) and keep the company aligned with its pre-defined sustainable mobility strategic goals. Therefore, it enables linking the accomplishment of each objective connected to a set of performance indicators that are continuously monitored for planning purposes. Considering the limited number of case studies applying the BSC to public transport companies, research results are important to shed light to this knowledge field and contribute to policy and mobility planning purposes.

The provision of seamless public transport supply requires a complete understanding of the real traffic dynamics, comprising origin-to-destination multimodal mobility patterns along the transport network. However, most current solutions are centred on the volumetric analysis of passengers’ flows, generally neglecting transfer, walking, and waiting needs, as well as the changes in the mobility patterns with the calendar and user profile. These challenges prevent a comprehensive assessment of the routing and scheduling vulnerabilities of (multimodal) public transport networks. The research presented in this paper aims at addressing these challenges by proposing a novel approach that extends the inference of dynamic Origin-Destination (OD) matrices to capture vulnerabilities and mobility patterns from individual trip record data. Given specific spatial and temporal criteria, the proposed methodology is able to infer dynamic matrices of the real state of a multimodal transport network, disclosing metrics such as volume, time, distances, transfers and multimodality-related indicators. More specifically, the developed approach offers two major contributions: i) efficient identification of network vulnerabilities pertaining to time and distance spent on transfers and trips; and ii) decomposition of traffic flows in accordance with calendrical rules and user profiles. The Lisbon’s public transport network is selected as the case study for assessing these contributions. The gathered results from smart card validations from the two main public transport operators in the city of Lisbon (bus and metro) reveal vulnerabilities in specific parishes. Also, statistics pertaining to travel time, transfer time, and number transfers reveal disparities between several OD pairs in the city, highlighting differences on accessibility. Research findings are actionable, offering the opportunity for public transport operators and municipalities to pursue their efforts towards sustainable mobility.

A presente comunicação aborda a realização de um projeto de geminação com a Argélia por um consórcio Franco-Português, concluído em 2018 e que teve por objetivo apoiar o Organismo Nacional de Controle Técnico das Obras Públicas (CTTP) na criação e operacionalização de um sistema de apoio à decisão para a gestão das estradas nacionais e das obras de arte rodoviárias daquele país. Efetua-se uma caracterização geral do projeto e o seu enquadramento, e apresentam-se os principais aspetos da participação portuguesa, assegurada pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC), nas suas diferentes tarefas. Conclui-se com algumas considerações sobre os resultados obtidos e sobre o interesse de ações colaborativas desta natureza.

This paper presents a project, completed in October 2018, which was developed for an approximately three-year period by a French-Portuguese Consortium. Its main purpose was to assist the Algerian National Body for Technical Control of Public Works (CTTP) in the implementation of a decision support system for the management of the national road network and bridges. It was a “twinning project”, i.e., a cooperation instrument made available by the European Union through an Association Agreement Program with Algeria. Moreover, this paper reports from the perspective of the Portuguese partner, the National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), the main results obtained and the lessons learnt from this interesting opportunity for cooperation and for exchanging technical knowledge. Within the project, three main interrelated subject areas were addressed: 1 – A data-base and a maintenance management system for road pavements; 2 – A data-base and a maintenance management system for bridges; 3 – A traffic counting and vehicles weighing system. It involved around 40 experts from the partners, as well as technical staff from CTTP, and comprised not only local missions, but also training actions and technical visits to Europe. The overall result was considered to be highly positive as recognized by the project supervision bodies and by the local authorities engaged. Since large investments in road construction were made during the last few decades in Algeria, attention is now being increasingly directed to the maintenance and rehabilitation of these assets, with a view to ensure the provision of an adequate service to road users.

A atividade de investigação científica que é realizada no Departamento de Transportes do LNEC está organizada no âmbito de um “Programa de Investigação, Desenvolvimento e Inovação” (ID&I) que se enquadra na estratégia de investigação da instituição para 2013-2020. Na presente comunicação descrevem-se os principais aspetos de uma avaliação intercalar do referido programa, cobrindo o período de 2013 a 2017, com referência a resultados globais obtidos. Ilustra-se esta apresentação com exemplos de projetos já concluídos, inseridos em diferentes temáticas, e tecem-se algumas considerações adicionais sobre o desenvolvimento da atividade a prosseguir neste quadro e na preparação de um programa para o período subsequente.

Na presente comunicação efetua-se uma apresentação geral da estratégia de investigação e inovação do LNEC e da estrutura e temáticas adotadas para a investigação aplicada a prosseguir no seu Departamento de Transportes, através de um programa com o horizonte de 2013-2020. Identificam-se, em particular, os projetos de investigação a desenvolver neste âmbito que se prendem com as diferentes vertentes dos domínios rodoviário e ferroviário cobertas pelas áreas de competência do referido departamento, que visam contribuir para dar resposta a alguns dos principais problemas e desafios que a sociedade coloca atualmente nestes domínios, e que são igualmente abordados.

The Portuguese road design guidelines have undergone periodical revisions, aiming at updating technical aspects of the geometric design of road elements and enlarging the field of their application to various types of roads and intersections. The National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC), through its Transportation Department, has provided scientific and technical support and advice to the road administrations along this process. At the present stage, a proposal made by LNEC points out to the need for a thorough reformulation of the whole set of documents which are currently being used in Portugal as road design guidelines, in order to introduce a greater integration among them, and new technical advances based on scientific ground. A strategy to carry out that reformulation is being followed, which involves the setting up of an encompassing framework centred in a so called “base document” which contains common concepts and technical indications to which all the guidelines for specific types of roads must comply with. In this paper a presentation is made on the main characteristics of the said “base document” prepared by LNEC, as well as the rationale underlying the introduction of a road safety approach into not only the conceptual frame but also the definition of road geometric design parameters and acceptable limit values, more closely related to the human component, which are derived, for example, from the assessment of driver’s behaviour characterization, using the results of a large number of measurements in Portuguese and other European road networks.

O LNEC, através do seu Departamento de Transportes, tem colaborado no processo de revisão dos documentos com caráter normativo adotados em Portugal destinados ao projeto do traçado de rodovias, através de colaborações com as entidades às quais tem sido cometida competência legal sobre esta matéria. Na presente comunicação apresentam-se os principais pressupostos de base que, na fase atual de desenvolvimento dos conhecimentos científicos e técnicos, aos níveis nacional e internacional, justificam a necessidade de uma reformulação do acervo normativo existente para o projeto do traçado rodoviário, e sob os quais assentam novos contributos concetuais e metodológicos que se propõe passem a ser adotados neste âmbito.

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Neste capítulo descrevem-se sumariamente várias aplicações de modelos de escolha discreta em estudos de investigação em transportes e mobilidade urbana, compreendendo modelos do tipo “multinomial logit” e “mixed logit”. Os primeiros estudos de investigação desenvolveram metodologias originais para a quantificação de custos externos (ou externalidades) ambientais dos transportes, compreendendo um estudo pioneiro na avaliação dos custos externos marginais do ruído de tráfego rodoviário (dados da população/habitação expostas localizadas em áreas residências do município de Lisboa), sucedendo-se uma contribuição relevante ao nível da modelação para o estudo de externalidades do transporte aéreo (dados dos aeroportos europeus de Lyon e Manchester). Outras aplicações incluem um estudo para a avaliação de impactes territoriais (p. ex.. na relocalização de empresas) associado ao cenário de Alta Velocidade Ferroviária (caso da estação intermodal de Leiria, na linha ferroviária projetada Lisboa-Porto) e do impacto de sistemas avançados de informação ao condutor (dados de condutores da cidade de Atenas, Grécia). Posteriormente, apresentam-se aplicações no contexto da mobilidade urbana envolvendo a cooperação com dois municípios (Lagoa e Águeda) onde se avaliou o papel da implementação de incentivos, partilha de viaturas, disponibilização de bicicletas elétricas e da existência de infraestruturas cicláveis para alterar comportamentos, constituir mercados locais de carbono, promovendo, assim, a mobilidade sustentável e a progressiva descarbonização das deslocações de natureza funcional (casa-escola; casa-trabalho).

Neste relatório apresentam-se os resultados da execução do Programa de Investigação, Desenvolvimento & Inovação (ID&I) do Departamento de Transportes do LNEC no triénio de 2018- 2020, complementando a revisão intercalar que cobriu o período precedente (2013-2017). Em seguida apresentam-se os resultados globais de todo o programa (2013-2020), assim como as principais conclusões e recomendações para o desenvolvimento do próximo programa de ID&I (2021-2027).

Neste relatório apresentam-se os resultados de uma revisão intercalar do Programa de Investigação, Desenvolvimento & Inovação (ID&I) do Departamento de Transportes do Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC I.P.). Foram considerados os projetos concluídos ou em curso até dezembro de 2017 em cada uma das sete linhas de investigação que compõem o referido Programa.

No presente relatório apresenta-se o programa de ID&I, adotado pela Comissão Científica Departamental do Departamento de Transportes do LNEC, que dá corpo à estratégia de investigação estabelecida para o período 2013-2020 nas áreas de atividade desta unidade departamental. O referido programa enquadra, através da identificação de grandes temas a abordar e de linhas prioritárias de investigação a prosseguir no respetivo âmbito, o conjunto de projetos a desenvolver sob a responsabilidade dos investigadores do DT, inseridos no Plano de Investigação e Inovação do LNEC.

O projeto de investigação a que se refere o presente relatório, inserido no Plano de Investigação Programada (PIP) do LNEC para o quadriénio 2009-2012, tem como objetivo melhorar os conhecimentos existentes e sistematizar as abordagens associadas às análises e intervenções técnicas, no âmbito da Engenharia, que incidem sobre o problema do risco em sistemas de transportes. Neste primeiro relatório do referido projeto apresenta-se um enquadramento geral da temática em consideração, incluindo a menção a aspetos concetuais de base, assim como a descrição dos principais objetivos e das tarefas a desenvolver para a concretização do mesmo.

O presente Relatório Ambiental tem por base o Estudo desenvolvido pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil para análise técnica comparada da localização alternativa do novo aeroporto de Lisboa (NAL), nas zonas da Ota e do Campo de Tiro de Alcochete. Nesse Estudo foi adoptada uma metodologia de avaliação estratégica que em tudo satisfaz a forma e o conteúdo de uma avaliação ambiental estratégica (AAE).

O presente Resumo Não Técnico (RNT) diz respeito ao Relatório Ambiental do “Estudo para Análise Técnica Comparada das Alternativas de Localização do Novo Aeroporto de Lisboa na Zona da Ota e na Zona dDo Campo de Tiro de Alcochete”. Este Relatório Ambiental tem por base o Estudo desenvolvido pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil no qual foi adoptada uma metodologia de avaliação estratégica que em tudo satisfaz a forma e o conteúdo de uma avaliação ambiental estratégica (AAE).

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Na passagem dos 30 anos da criação do Departamento de Transportes do LNEC, coincidente com o início da segunda década do século XXI, afigurou-se oportuno apresentar uma perspectiva sobre a evolução da actividade a ser conduzida neste Departamento até ao final da referida década. Para esse efeito, além de se fornecer uma panorâmica do conjunto da actividade mais recente e em curso, dedica-se especial atenção ao respectivo enquadramento externo, nacional e internacional. É dada ênfase aos desenvolvimentos no campo científico e técnico que, ao nível europeu, se antevêem para suporte às respostas requeridas pelas principais questões e desafios que a sociedade irá previsivelmente colocar ao sector dos transportes nos anos vindouros.

O Projecto NETLIPSE foi desenvolvido no âmbito do 6º Programa Quadro de I&DT da União Europeia, tendo como objectivo o estabelecimento de uma rede para a disseminação da experiência de boas práticas e de conhecimentos sobre a gestão e a organização de grandes projectos de infra-estruturas de transporte na Europa. Para esse efeito foram estudados 15 desses empreendimentos recentes. O LNEC participou neste projecto europeu, tendo sido responsável pela investigação dos casos do Sul da Europa. Neste documento apresenta-se sucintamente o Projecto NETLIPSE e os seus principais resultados, com especial enfoque nos casos de estudo referentes a Portugal.

Decarbonisation policy goals are expected to drive significant changes in transport and urban mobility markets. However, future city trajectories that could enable multiple societal benefits from low carbon and zero-emissions solutions in a cost-efficient way are still uncertain. To the best of our knowledge, the research reported in this paper represents the first attempt to assess trends in the use of disruptive passenger urban transport solutions in Lisbon, while providing insights on the mechanisms by which stakeholders (public transport operators, new mobility providers such as car-sharing, infrastructure managers, etc.) management activities are open to change, cooperation and can foster strategic innovation towards decarbonizing mobility pathways. The pilot study supported by the Lisbon City Council comprised the former application of the “Benefits Realization Management” approach in the context of urban passenger mobility. Semi-structured surveys were implemented to a multimodal network of stakeholders. Finally, the “Benefits Dependency Roadmap” were derived as a strategic planning tool.

ECTRI launched its Thematic Groups in September 2007 as a means to facilitate exchanges among its researchers interested in similar research fields and in order to promote joint initiatives and positions. One of the groups is the Thematic Group on Transport Economics and Policy (TG-ECOPOL). The main objectives of this group are to define research topics of interest for supporting EC policies and programmes, to increase successful participation in EU projects and to provide a platform for networking and scientific exchanges. TG ECOPOL’s scope includes the economics of transport systems and mobility via the study of policies, decision making, evaluation methods, modeling individual’s travel choices and social behavior, mobility patterns along with finance and business models. The group consists of 43 experts from 27 Transport Research Institutes and Universities representing 21 European countries. Most of these institutes are working in the field of policy analyses e.g. scenarios, foresight analysis, ex ante and ex post evaluation of policies and of sustainable mobility plans, cost-benefit analysis (CBA), Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs), behavioral modeling (e.g. stated-choice), pricing models and externalities (e.g. valuation and internalization of environmental externalities) covering a multidisciplinary expertise and pan-European coverage. Members are: AIT, BASt, BME, CDV, CENIT, DLR, Fraunhofer, HIT, IFSTTAR, ITS, KTI, LNEC, NTUA, POLITO, TØI, TTI, UL, UNEW, UNIZA, UPM, UVEG, VGTU, VTI, VTT, VUB, and WVL (RWS). The present Position Paper (PP) considering the above scientific competences and aims to outline the research needs in the field of transport economics and policies (including behavioral economics applied to transport and mobility policies, institutional changes, cross-sectoral policy developments and disruptive and transformative transitions) until 2050. A special focus is given for topic contributions aiming to be developed within the scope of the next EU Research and Innovation Program Horizon Europe 2021-2027.