Publications

Pretende-se analisar aspectos condicionantes da vida útil de ancoragenscom base em cavilhas plásticas, com parafusos metálicos, aplicadas em edifíciosrecentes designadamente, em elementos de betão e de alvenaria de blocosmaciços de betão ou cerâmicos. Abordam-se, em particular, os casos deancoragens sujeitas a cargas de tracção e/ou de corte induzidas por elementosnão-estruturais fixados por essas ancoragens.

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The reshaping of civil engineering education and training has been found to enhance student performance and improve their skills when facing the challenges of the real world. The industry is asking for engineers with better communication and teamwork skills, and most importantly, a broader understanding of how to solve real working market problems and create value in the marketplace. Moreover, the professional research institutions throughout the world and particularly in Portugal, such as engineering schools, are beginning to integrate entrepreneurship and business concepts into their training options.The present paper intends to present an overview about the challenges for maintenance and asset management, education and training of future generations and reshaping of research institutions. Moreover, a proposal is presented for the reshaping of maintenance and asset management education and training considering Portugal´s needs. Additionally, the development of new approaches is presented, as well as a proposal for reshaping maintenance and asset management education and training: roadmap for Portugal needs. The main conclusions of the paper are also stated.

Maintenance and Asset Management are very important for the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation (AECO) sector. The increase in associated information makes necessary to have greater control of it, with the emergence of Construction Information Classification Systems (CICS), which are fundamental in the classification of information and its use. The built environment is vulnerable to risks that are impossible to eliminate, and this prompts the need for managing and classifying the resilience and sustainability of different constructed assets.This paper presents contributes to a discussion on the ways to measure the resilience and sustainability of built assets, namely based on rating systems composed by different dimensions, several indicators and parameters. It covers not only the building's intrinsic qualities, but also its interdependence with the community, surroundings, and users in the context.

Resilience evaluation systems have been used to aggregate and calibrate multi-dimensional resilience-related inputs. But these evaluation systems do not offer comprehensive outputs nor sufficient analytical capacity to support the design and implementation of city and community recovery and resilience plans. Urban resilience research covers multiple fields of study like earthquakes, floods, and tsunamis, amongst other types of disaster risks. This study focuses on the strategic needs of resilience and recovery plans for Portuguese cities and communities and proposes a sophisticated mapping system to address this gap. The main output of the proposed approach is a multi-layer heatmaps with scores based on various disastersfor all Portuguese cities. The resilience score is obtained through real statistical geo-data analysis.

A segurança das pessoas e o elevado valor dos bens construídos e dos seus conteúdos, bem como a sua criticidade na satisfação das necessidades básicas e bem-estar das comunidades, sempre suscitaram preocupações quanto à sustentabilidade, resiliência e fiabilidade do ambiente construído. A resiliência dos ativos construídos está frequentemente ligada à formulação de políticas e estratégias para o ambiente construído após eventos catastróficos ou traumáticos. É um conceito multidimensional que abrange aspetos físicos, infra-estruturais, ambientais, económico-sociais, regulamentares e organizacionais. O presente artigo apresenta os resultados da aplicação de um sistema de classificação de resiliência assente numa abordagem holística, abrangente e sistemática, a diferentes tipos de edifícios, em qualquer fase do seu ciclo de vida. Em particular, analisa a resiliência de edifícios de escolas públicas portuguesas a diferentes riscos do ponto de vista da engenharia, nomeadamente no que diz respeito à segurança estrutural e de manutenção do edifício. Os edifícios escolares analisados, construídos ao longo do século XX, tiveram intervenções alargadas, entre 2009 e 2011, no âmbito de um programa nacional de investimento público. Os edifícios foram analisados antes e após intervenções de reabilitação. Relativamente a indicadores económicos e a investimento potencial, nota-se que as intervenções de reabilitação apresentam impacto positivo na classificação da resiliência.

Transport infrastructures such as roads, railways and runways are under increased traffic loading and their rehabilitation has to be performed in an efficient way, structurally and financially. In this process, monitoring of structural and functional capacity of transport infrastructures using nondestructive tests is performed in a systematic way. It is important to take advantages of these measurements to plan a future rehabilitation.Using the BIM methodology, it is possible to obtain a model that, besides containing the three-dimensional graphic representation of the pavement or rail track and its physical and mechanical characteristics, also has information regarding the structural condition resulting from the continuous inspections.The authors developed case studies of Building Information Modelling (BIM) applied to roads, runways, and railways. In the road and airport pavements cases, the integration of structural capacity in the modelling was studied. Regarding the railway

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The recognition of the high costs of the vulnerabilities of cities and communities due to various types of disaster risks have helped build the business case for improving the investments of the quality and resilience of buildings and civil engineering works. This important issue has attracted the attention of several stakeholders, including engineering professionals from different fields, scientists, standardization bodies, investors and financial institutions, regulatory agencies, user groups of several, as well as administrative services at national and regional level.This paper discusses the application of a resilience rating system to show the impacts of capital investment in building refurbishment and renewal. It highlights aspects in building renovation programs that efficiently and quickly increase their resilience in face of extreme events. The work presented builds on previousdiscussions on ways to measure the resilience of built assets, namely based on a rating system composed by different dimensions, several indicators, and parameters. It covers not only the building's intrinsic qualities, but also its interdependence with the community, surroundings, and users in the post-disaster context.

Innovations in Road, Railway and Airfield Bearing Capacity

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The role of public transport in sustainable urban development is recognized and promoted to mitigate climate change and improve mobility. The railway infrastructure has specific constraints that lead to the need of maximizing of the availability of infrastructure, with high levels of safety and quality, associated with an optimized cost. Following EU decisions, it is urgent to carry studies to support investment projects in different areas. The use of methodologies based on cost-benefit analysis (CBA) contribute positively to support decisions. The expansion of light-rail transit (LRT) systems in recent decades is due, among numerous factors, the fact that they are non-polluting systems, benefiting the urban environment, as they are safe and reliable and, through channel segregation, guarantee fast urban routes, avoiding congestion. The LRT can be a fundamental tool in a movement to revalue the centers and may represent an important element for the urban regeneration. The analysis presented in the paper highlights the need to take advantage of the high transport capacity ensured by the railway service essentially in commuting to Lisbon in view of the existing quadruplication of the railway line between Póvoa and Lisbon, based in a cost-benefit analysis (CBA). The solution presented aims to promote the most sustainable mobility patterns

The recognition of the high costs of the vulnerabilities of cities and communities due to various types of disaster risks have helped build the business case for investments improving the quality and resilience of buildings and civil engineering works. This important issue has attracted the attention of several stakeholders, including engineering professionals from different fields, scientists, standardization bodies, investors and financial institutions, regulatory agencies, user groups of several, as well as administrative services at national and regional level. This research work discusses the application of a resilience rating system to show the impacts of capital investment in building refurbishment and renewal. It highlights aspects in building renovation programs that efficiently and quickly increase their resilience in face of extreme events. The work presented builds on previous discussions on ways to measure the resilience of built assets, namely based on a rating system composed by different dimensions, several indicators, and parameters. It covers not only the building's intrinsic qualities, but also its interdependence with the community, surroundings, and users in the post-disaster context.

The resilience of buildings and civil engineering infrastructures has increasingly attracted the attention of different stakeholders, including engineering professionals from different areas, scientists, standardization bodies, investors and financial institutions, regulatory agencies, different user groups, as well as national and regional administrative services. This interest has motivated the development of methods for classifying the resilience of built assets, to identify aspects that can be improved and establish investment priorities, to increase their resilience when facing extreme events or other types of risks. The paper presents contributions to improve a system for classifying the resilience of built assets organized in dimensions, indicators and parameters that cover not only the intrinsic characteristics of buildings, but also their exposure to natural and man-made hazards, with the community and with the users. The paper specifically focuses on the resilience of public treasury buildings elementary schools in the municipality of Lisbon, some of which have been object, throughout their life cycle, of different interventions carried out within the scope of different public investment programs.

The practical implementation of the performance-based building philosophy still depends on the resolution of inconsistencies of different natures, despite being a concept that has been under discussion for several decades. It highlights the difficulties in objectively measuring expectations on the

Transport infrastructures such as roads, railways and runways are under increased traffic loading and their rehabilitation has to be performed in an efficient way, structurally and financially. In this process, monitoring of structural and functional capacity of transport infrastructures using non-destructive tests is performed in a systematic way. It is important to take the advantages of these measurements in order to plan a future rehabilitation. In this paper, four case studies of Building Information Modelling applied to transport infrastructures are presented. In case of road and airport pavements, the integration of structural capacity in the modelling was studied. Regarding the railways, a construction of a transition zone was addressed, as well as its behaviour during the first three years after entering in service. For both roads and railways, rehabilitation of existing infrastructures was modelled using BIM. In this way, it is possible to obtain a model that has information regarding the structural condition resulting from the continuous inspections. The BIM, being a relatively recent and innovative methodology, it is an important tool, with great potential when applied to transport infrastructures study. The main troubleshooting and consideration reached so far are presented herein, identifying the advantages of this approach.

The Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operations (AECO) sector has innovated in the design and construction methods using new technologies, with emphasis on the Building Information Modeling (BIM) methodology. However, it is still necessary to explore how this methodology can be applied to rehabilitation, in general, and to functional rehabilitation. BIM has as its main advantage, the possibility of an accurate representation of the geometry of the elements, integrating the information in several dimensions. The use of digital models is very important, since it allows optimizing the visualization and detail of these elements and their constructive processes, being a collaborative methodology. The present work intends to frame the BIM theme in the building

The rehabilitation of buildings has been growing in the last few years, being one of the areas with greater investment by the public and private sectors. The challenge on the rehabilitation of buildings allows reducing the use of resources, trying to reduce the environmental impact and making the construction sector more efficient. The energy rehabilitation of buildings is an important aspect of building rehabilitation, assuming particular importance among this type of interventions, trying to integrate economical and rational measures. The adoption of BIM methodology is associated with project planning, cost or energy analysis of the construction and project deliveries of the building and constructed structures; as a result, nowadays there is a greater demand to adapt these tools in the early stages of existing building lifecycle. The emergence of BIM software that can combine the modeling with the energy assessments allows the designer to make more conscious, accurate and informed decisions about the projects under development. The main objective of the research study developed is to understand how the use of digital tools allows a more efficient approach in the energetic rehabilitation of a building. In this way, and considering different rehabilitation solutions, it is possible to perform an analysis of alternatives, comparing them with the base solution and thus being able to understand which are the energetic gains, as well as the optimal solution. The results will be presented making possible their comparison with real measurements and the standards reference parameters for thermal performance. The possibility of editing the thermal properties of the building materials considered allows the realization of various simulations with several combinations of possible improvements. The results obtained can be an integrant part of a cost

The use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) is growing in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation (AECO) sector. BIM is an innovative methodology that enables a new approach to construction information management, based on the design of a virtual information model, and which presupposes a new paradigm in the way information exchange processes are treated among the various stakeholders throughout the asset

Over the last few decades, the architecture, engineering, construction and operation (AECO) sector did not follow the technological evolution observed in other sectors. Although there have been technological innovations, which include BIM and the Protocol for Standardization of Technical Construction Information (ProNIC

Building Information Modeling (BIM) stands out as a vector of innovation encouraging a revolution in modern Civil Engineering. This methodology congregates process, politics, and technology enabling a collaborative construction in virtual space. BIM implementation in buildings and infrastructures has been advantageous when compared to traditional process, allowing error and rework reductions as well as improving costs and time previsions. One of BIM

Nesta Nota Técnica aborda-se o tema das flechas admissíveis de elementos de betão armado de suporte de paredes de alvenaria. Analisam-se os aspetos característicos do comportamento das paredes de alvenaria e dos seus elementos de apoio, bem como algumas questões relacionadas com a fendilhação de paredes de alvenaria devida essencialmente a situações de deformabilidade excessiva dos seus elementos. São feitas considerações sobre a limitação das flechas de suporte e analisadas algumas das recomendações constantes da regulamentação nacional e internacional.

No presente estudo faz-se uma abordagem sobre o tema do movimento das fundações de edifícios, dando especial destaque aos edifícios que utilizam alvenarias no preenchimento de malhas estruturais de paredes e na execução de divisórias interiores. Referem-se as conclusões de estudos realizados por diversos autores envolvendo aspetos relacionados com a segurança e avaliação dos assentamentos admissíveis das construções. No final, descrevem-se modelos de análise do comportamento dos edifícios e a sua aplicação na determinação dos assentamentos admissíveis em edifícios com diferentes soluções construtivas.

No presente estudo faz-se uma abordagem geral sobre a problemática dos pavimentos térreos em edifícios industriais, procurando-se desenvolver aspetos essenciais sobre o solo de fundação e sua interação com o pavimento, dimensionamento e processos construtivos. O estudo pretende restringir-se fundamentalmente a pavimentos constituídos por lajes de betão fracamente armadas e localizadas no interior de edifícios industriais, embora se possa generalizar a outras situações.

O que se procura realizar no presente estudo/livro é uma reflexão prática e sistematizada sobre um extenso quadro de qualificação residencial, que harmonize sistematicamente e na medida do que se considera ser possível, a perspetiva da satisfação dos habitantes com os aspetos associados à qualificação da própria conceção arquitetónica, considerando nesta os respetivos aspetos de desenho urbano. Visam-se, assim, neste livro ideias e caminhos de investigação sobre a relação profunda que existe entre a qualidade da Habitação

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