Papers
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Durability of carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminates used to reinforced concrete structures
Due to their excellent mechanical properties and easy application Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) are being successfully used to repair and renewing old and damaged civil engineering infrastructures. In particular, the method of strengthening concrete members with externally bonding of CFRP laminates has become increasingly popular. In fact, extensive research has shown that this technique can lead to a substantial improvement in the flexural and shear strength capacities of the member repaired. In such applications, materials involved will be exposed to outdoor environmental conditions, including humidity, water from rain, saline-water, ground water and high alkalinity solutions due to chemical composition of the concrete itself, as well as solar ultraviolet radiation. Thus, it is of great relevancy to study the durability of the materials involved, namely epoxy adhesives and CFRP laminates, as well as, the integrity of the entire system, when subjected to those environmental factors. This work is part of a much larger research study that is being made to predict the long-term behaviour of several commercial CFRP laminate/adhesive systems used in the rehabilitation of concrete structures. In the whole project it is recognized that the durability of these solutions depends, not only on the durability of the composite materials but also on the performance of the systems used to bond them to the concrete. The present document provides details about the part of the investigation concerning the durability of CFRP laminates. This paper describes the study carried out to investigate the environmental and accelerated ageing effects on three types of commercially available CFRP laminates. The changes in CFRP laminates properties after exposure up to 18 months under different environmental conditions - immersion in demineralised water, saline and alkaline solutions at room temperature, 40 ºC and 60 ºC, as well as under constant humidity condensation atmosphere at 40 ºC are reported and discussed. The results of tests performed in accelerated weathering chambers with ultraviolet radiation are also included. Results obtained offer valuable information about the progression of material degradation under different ageing conditions (some of them accelerated), which can be used, not only to characterize the behaviour of CFRP laminates, but also for a better understanding of the degradation mechanisms involved, which is a base for the design of service life-prediction models.
Year: 2011
Author(s): Cabral-Fonseca, S.; Nunes, J. P.; Rodrigues, M. P.; Eusébio, M. I.
: Sci Eng Compos Mater
Editor: Walter de Gruyter
Volume:
18.
Keywords: Rehabilitation; Durability; Concrete Structures; Carbon fibre reinforced polymer
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Effects of Hygrothermal ageing on the mechanical properties of glass-fibre-reinforced polymer pultruded profiles
N/A
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
370-378.
Author(s): Correia, J. R.; Cabral-Fonseca, S.; Carreiro, A.; Costa, R.; Rodrigues, M. P.; Eusébio, M. I.; Branco, F. A.
: Structural Engineering International
Editor: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering
Volume:
Vol 20, No 4.
Keywords: Mechanical properties; Hygrothermal ageing; Pultruded profiles; Vinylester matrix; Unsaturated polyester matrix; Gfrp
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Comparison of different photo-oxidation conditions of poly(vinylchloride) for outdoor applications
Four different PVC formulations, designed for outdoor applications, in the form of calen dered films, were submitted to artificial accelerated ageing under different radiation sources, with and without water spray, and also to natural exposure. The influence of the different photo-oxidation conditions was evaluated by means of surface analysis using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared spectroscopy. The photo-oxidation of PVC is well monitored by FTIR measurements by following the formation of oxidation products of the carbonyl type, which are due to radical attack on the double bonds in the molecular structure of PVC, and enhanced by radiation and temperature. Results show that relative rates of PVC degradation reactions are different under different photo-oxidative conditions. XPS results show that, in technical PVC formulations, the fraction of chloride ions trapped in the inorganic filler is a better parameter to measure the PVC degradation (measured by the yellowing index variation) than the total remaining (or lost) chlorine in the surface. When the ageing method includes water jets, the top superficial layers made from the inorganic filler and the organic products from the PVC degradation are removed and leave behind a much more homogeneous layer which is more resistant to ageing than the as processed one that contains defects introduced by the calendering process. XPS also makes clear that zinccalcium additive is a better thermal stabilizer than dibutyltin-maleate, and the presence of tinuvin P retards the PVC degradation. The best simulation of the natural weathering of such PVC materials under laboratory conditions needs to consider, besides the light, the intervention of water jets and/or humidity as well as the existence of light and dark periods.
Year: 2008
Number Pages:
743-751pp.
Author(s): Real, L. P.; A.M. Ferraria; Rego, A. M. B.
Editor: ELSEVIER
Volume:
27.
Keywords: Artificial ageing; Ftir spectroscopy; Xps; Weathering; Poly(vinyl chloride)
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The Influence of Weathering Conditions in the Evolution of Molecular Properties of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) for Outdoor Applications. An Analytical Study Using Techniques of Surface Analysis (SEM and XPS)
In the present work, four different PVC formulations, designed for outdoor applications, were submitted to artificialaccelerated ageing under xenon light, without and with spray of water, and to natural exposure. The influence of the combined action of water and radiation was evaluated by means of surface analysis using XPS, SEM and colourimetry, permitting comparison of the results obtained under different exposure conditions. Results show that a long preliminary period of irradiation ( 2000 h) before the exposure to water increases the resistance of PVC surfaces to weather conditions. The role of that initial irradiation period is to create an erodable layer made of shrunk PVC that had lost most of its chlorine atoms and, thence, creating a network of cracks. That layer loses easily adhesion to deeper layers due to erosive action of water spray. The more perfect uncovered surface is better at resisting the effect of radiation.
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
77-87pp.
Author(s): Real, L. P.; A.M. Ferraria; Rego, A. M. B.
Editor: ELSEVIER
Volume:
26.
Keywords: Colourimetry; Sem; Xps; Weathering; Titanium dioxide pigments; Poly(vinyl chloride)
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Durability of pultruded glass fibre reinforced polyestre profiles for structural applications
Results of an experimental research into the physical, chemical, mechanical, and aesthetical changes suffered by pultruded glass-fiber-reinforced polyester profiles during their testing for accelerated aging under the action of moisture, temperature, and ultra violet (UV) radiation are presented. The profiles were submitted to the influence of four different exposure environments: (i) in an immersion chamber, (ii) in a condensation chamber, (iii) in a QUV accelerated weathering apparatus, and (iv) in a xenon-arc accelerated weathering apparatus. The results obtained were analyzed regarding the changes in their weight, sorption ability, tensile and flexural strength characteristics, color, and gloss; the chemical changes were investigated by means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Considerable chromatic changes were observed, especially owing to the UV radiation. Although some reduction in the mechanical properties was observed, particularly in the immersion and condensation chambers, the durability tests proved a generally good behavior of this material under the aggressive conditions considered.
Year: 2006
Number Pages:
325-338pp.
Author(s): Correia, J. R.; Cabral-Fonseca, S.; Branco, F. A.; Eusébio, M. I.; Rodrigues, M. P.; J.G. Ferreira
: Mechanics of Composite Materials
Editor: Springer Science & Business
Volume:
42-4.
Keywords: Physical properties; Mechanical properties; Chemical properties; Environmental degradation; Pultrusion; Glass-fiber-reinforced polyester
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Artificial simulated and natural weathering of polyvinylchloride for outdoor applications: the influence of the radiation and water in the changes of properties
Some artificial accelerated methods are currently used and accepted in the prediction of polymer lifetimes. However, in order to evaluate the durability of these materials, it is indispensable to reproduce the natural weathering phenomena as closely as possible. To attain this target, it is fundamental to understand the role of the atmospheric agents in the photo-degradation. The importance of radiation and temperature in the degradation of polymers is universally recognised. However, there is a trend to underestimate other environmental agents, such as humidity and rain, which play an important part in the evolution of degradation in certain compounded polymers. The objective of this paper is to show the fundamental role of water in the mechanism of degradation of TiO2 pigmented PVC formulations, and compare the results from different exposure methods, considering the influence of this degradation agent.
Year: 2005
Number Pages:
357-362pp.
Author(s): Real, L. P.; Gardette, Jean-Luc; Rocha, A.
Editor: ELSEVIER
Keywords: Uvevis spectroscopy; Infrared spectroscopy; Weathering; Titanium dioxide pigments; Poly(vinyl chloride); Colourimetry
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Influence of ageing conditions on durability of PVC formulations in outdoor applications
The state of the art in predicting weatherability lags far behind the need for such predictions. The exact prediction of the useful lifetime of a given polymer in a specific geographic location is still the dream of both specifiers and manufacturers. As a result, the estimation of durability of these materials remains one of the most challenging issues in weathering studies.
Year: 2005
Number Pages:
1.
Author(s): Real, L. P.
Editor: BRE-ENBRI
Volume:
29.
Keywords: Ftir; Durability; Weathering; Pvc
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A novel technique for the interface characterisation of glass fibre-polypropylene systems
In the present work, a new technique was developed to determine the interfacial properties of two opaque glass fibre/polypropylene (GF/PP) systems via fragmentation tests on single filament model composites. Fragmentation tests usually require the fibre inside the composites to be completely aligned in the loading direction. Since PP matrices are non-transparent, it is not possible to guarantee a priori this condition. Hence, a novel technique was developed to determine the inclination of the filaments embedded in the composites. The fibrepolymer systems were also evaluated by comparing their interfacial properties with the overall mechanical properties determined on pultruded GF/PP composites. The present work shows that the knowledge of the interfacial properties is important, not only to compare alternative fibre/matrix systems, but also to assess whether the level of adhesion in these systems is adequate to fabricate composites with good mechanical properties.
Year: 2003
Number Pages:
907-913pp.
Author(s): Cabral-Fonseca, S.; M.C. Paiva; Nunes, J. P.; C.A. Bernardo
: Polymer Testing
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
22.
Keywords: Composites; Mechanical properties; Fragmentation; Adhesion; Interfacila properties
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Artificial Simulated and Natural Weathering of Poly(vinyl Chloride) for outdoor applications: the evolution of the mechanical and molecular properties
The low cost and the good performance of poly(vinyl chloride) products make this polymer very suitable for applications in buildings, mainly in exterior applications, like window profiles, cladding structures and siding. However, the ultimate user acceptance of PVC products for outdoor building applications will depend on their ability to resist the deterioration of their mechanical and aesthetic properties over long periods of exposure. In order to assure the weatherability of these materials, the PVC resin needs to be compounded and processed properly, using suitable additives, leading to a complex material, whose behaviour and properties are quite different from the PVC resin by itself. The outdoor degradation of such products is complex and not completely understood for most of the technical formulations, so the study of the photodegradation of such products still remains a matter of interest. In the present work, we have used various analytical techniques to evaluate the variations of the physical,chemical and mechanical properties of extruded PVC samples, resulting from the degradation by light.
Year: 2003
Number Pages:
235-243pp.
Author(s): Real, L. P.; Rocha, A.; Gardette, Jean-Luc
Editor: ELSEVIER
Volume:
82.
Keywords: Mechanical properties; Colorimetry; Infrared microscopy; Weathering; Poly(vinyl chloride)
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Production of powder-coated tpwpregs and composites
Na eficiente and cost-effective dry coating process was developed to deposit polymer powders on continuous fibers and produce thermoplastic matrix towpregs to be processed into composites. The technological solutions used in the coating line construction and the influence of the precessing parameters on manufactured glass fibre reinforced polypropylene (GF/PP) towpregs are detailed in this paper.Composites were produced from characterized GF/PP towpregs using hot plate compression moulding. The mechanical properties determined on the composites are compared with theoretical values predicted by the Classical Laminate Theory using the experimentally determined raw material contentes and tensile properties.
Year: 2003
Number Pages:
231-248pp.
Author(s): Nunes, J. P.; J. F. Silva; A.T. Marques; N. Crainic; Cabral-Fonseca, S.
: Journal of Thermoplastc Composite Materials
Editor: Sage Publications
Keywords: Mechanical properties; Compression moulding; Polypropylene; Glass fiber; Long fiber composites; Reinforced thermoplastics; Towpregs; Powder-coating process
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Comunicação
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Degradação de perfis pultrudidos de GFRP em ambientes marítimos
Neste artigo apresenta-se resultados de um estudo experimental, ainda em curso, sobre a durabilidade em ambientes marítimos de perfis pultrudidos de GFRP, constituídos por resinas de poliéster insaturado e viniléster reforçadas com fibra de vidro. Diversos provetes foram submetidos a imersão durante 12 meses em (i) água desionizada e (ii) água salgada, a diferentes temperaturas (20 ºC, 40 ºC e 60 ºC), e a (iii) nevoeiro salino durante 2000 horas, após o que as suas propriedades físicas, químicas, mecânicas e estéticas foram avaliadas.
Year: 2010
Author(s): Cabral-Fonseca, S.; Correia, J. R.; Carreiro, A.; Costa, R.; Rodrigues, M. P.; Eusébio, M. I.; Branco, F. A.
Keywords: Envelhecimento; Ambientes marítimos; Durabilidade; Perfis de gfrp
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Evaluation of recycled hdpe for pipe applications
To assess the quality of polyethylene pipes compounded with recycled polyethylene for applications in drainage and sewerage, several analysis techniques were applied, some of them being not previewed in the performance characteristics standards. The measured physical, chemical and mechanical properties of raw-materials, intermediate compounds and final products, were used to evaluate the performance of the different formulations, allowing to an understanding of the thermo-mechanical effects of the several transformation processes. The analysis of the results will help us to optimising the manufacture parameters and to check the formulations, in view of its upgrading. The effect of a nanoclay was also studied. INTRODUCTION
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
1.
Author(s): Sampaio, M. O.; Real, L. P.
Editor: LNEC/ MoDeSt Hellenic Organizing Committee
Keywords: Formulations; Drainage; Nanoclay; Recycled; Pipes; Hdpe
Marca de Qualidade Qualicoat. Licença 820. 2Inspecção
Marca de Qualidade Qualicoat. Renovação da homologação. P-0467. CIN
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Reabilitação de estruturas com materiais compósitos de matriz polimérica reforçados com fibras
Neste artigo é abordado o tema da utilização de materiais compósitos de matriz polimérica reforçados com fibras na reabilitação de estruturas. Procuraram-se sistematizar os motivos que têm conduzido ao sucesso da aplicação desta família de materiais, designadamente por darem aos projectistas a possibilidade de construir soluções por medida que se adeqúem aos requisitos específicos de uma dada aplicação.
Year: 2010
Author(s): Cabral-Fonseca, S.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Polímeros reforçados com fibras; Materiais compósitos; Reabilitação
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Resistência a variações de temperatura cíclicas de perfis pultrudidos de poliéster e de viniléster reforçados com fibras de vidro
Neste artigo apresentam-se resultados da apreciação da resistência a variações térmicas de dois tipos de perfis estruturais fabricados por pultrusão e reforçados com fibras de vidro, que diferem na natureza da sua matriz: poliéster insaturado e viniléster. Este trabalho encontra-se inserido num projecto de investigação em curso, cujo objectivo é analisar a durabilidade deste tipo de produtos, utilizados em aplicações estruturais na Engenharia Civil.
Year: 2010
Author(s): Cabral-Fonseca, S.; Correia, J. R.; Carreiro, A.; Costa, R.; Rodrigues, M. P.; Branco, F. A.
Keywords: Poliéster e viniléster; Ciclos térmicos; Durabilidade; Polímeros reforçados com fibras de vidro
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Ageing of PVC for Outdoor Applications: Role of Water and Inorganic Fillers
In most of polymer ageing studies conducted at laboratory, there is a trend to subestimate some of the parameters involved in natural exposure, leading to a poor simulation results and low reliability of the real world phenomena. Moreover the nature of polymer and its formulation should be taken into account due to possible synergies and antagonisms between environment and polymer additives. Among the subestimated parameters, we can stress the role of ambient humidity and inorganic fillers. These last additives are usually considered to be inert regarding the degradation induced by radiation. In this work we used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS) to evaluate the influence of the different photo-oxidation conditions. Different PVC formulations, designed for outdoor applications, in the form of calendered films, were submitted to artificial accelerated ageing under different radiation sources, with and without water spray, and also to natural exposure in Lisbon. Usually, PVC degradation is evaluated by dosing evolved chlorine under the form of HCl or Cl2. XPS results show that, in technical PVC formulations, the fraction of chloride ions trapped in the inorganic filler is a better parameter to measure the PVC degradation (measured by the yellowing index variation) than the total lost (or remaining) chlorine in the surface. FTIRS measurements were used to follow the formation of oxidation products of the carbonyl type, which are due to radical attack on the double bonds in the molecular structure of PVC. Results show that relative rates of PVC degradation reactions are different under different photo-oxidative conditions. Combination of XPS and FTIRS analyses have shown that the best simulations of the natural weathering of such PVC materials under laboratory conditions needs to consider, besides the light, the intervention of water jets and/or humidity as well as the existence of light and dark periods.
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
213-222.
Author(s): Real, L. P.
Editor: EWS
Keywords: Xps; Weathering; Durability; Pvc
Info
Ageing of PVC for outdoor applications: role of water and inorganic fillers
In most of polymer ageing studies conducted at laboratory, there is a trend to underestimate some of the parameters involved in natural exposure, leading to poor simulation results and low reliability of the real world phenomena. Moreover, the nature of polymer and its formulation should be taken into account due to possible synergies and antagonisms between environment and polymer additives. Among the underestimated parameters, we can stress the role of ambient humidity and inorganic fillers. These additives are usually considered to be inert regarding the degradation induced by radiation. In this work, four different PVC formulations, designed for outdoor applications, in the form of calendered films were submitted to artificial accelerated ageing under different radiation sources, without and with spray of water, and to natural exposure. The influence of the different photo-oxidation conditions was evaluated by means of Xray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS). The photo-oxidation of PVC can be studied by FTIR measurements following the formation of oxidation products of carbonyl type, due to radical attack to the double bonds in the molecular structure of PVC, enhanced by radiation and temperature. Results have shown that relative rates of PVC degradation reactions are different under different photo-oxidative conditions. XPS results show that, in technical PVC formulations, the fraction of chloride ion trapped in the inorganic filler is a better parameter to measure the PVC degradation (measured by the yellowing index variation) than the amount of total remaining (or lost) chlorine in the surface. When the ageing method includes water jets, the top superficial layer made from the inorganic filler and the organic products from the PVC degradation is removed and leaves behind a much more homogeneous layer which is more resistant towards ageing than the as processed one that contains defects introduced by the calendering process. XPS also makes clear that zinc-calcium additive is a better thermal stabilizer than the dibutyltinmaleate and the presence of the tinuvin P retards the PVC degradation. The best simulation of the natural weathering of such PVC materials in laboratory conditions needs to consider, besides the light, the intervention of water jets and/or humidity as well as the existence of light and dark periods.
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
10 pp.
Author(s): Real, L. P.; A.M. Ferraria; Rego, A. M. B.
Editor: Thomas Reichert
Keywords: Yellowing; Pvc; Ftir; Weathering; Xps
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Chemical and thermal characterization of road bitumen ageing
N/A
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
8.
Author(s): Sá-da-Costa, M.; Farcas,F.; Luís F. Santos; Eusébio, M. I.; Diogo, A.
Editor: em CD
Keywords: Dsc; Hp-gpc; Ftir; Sara; Bitumen ageing
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Durability of epoxy adhesives used to bond CFRP laminates to concrete structures
An experimental program was undertaken to evaluate the durability of three commercial epoxy adhesives used for bonding repairing and strengthening Carbon Fibre Reinforced Plastics (CFRP) to concrete structures. The changes in physical and mechanical properties after exposure for up to 18 months under different environmental conditions are reported and discussed.
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
8.
Author(s): Cabral-Fonseca, S.; Nunes, J. P.; Rodrigues, M. P.; Eusébio, M. I.
Editor: em CD
Keywords: Durability; Cfrp; Adhesives; Epoxy; Concrete; Rehabilitation
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Capítulo de Livro
Renovação da Marca de Qualidade Qualicoat, 2011. Inspecção de 14-07-2011 à empresa J. Silva & Cª. - Licença P-822
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Relatório Científico
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Estação meteorológica do LNEC - Edifício principal Terraço da ala Nascente compilação de dados Ano 2007
No presente relatório apresentam-se os dados meteorológicos do ano de 2007, recolhidos na estação meteorológica existente no Núcleo de Materiais Orgânicos do Departamento de Materiais do LNEC, em Lisboa.
Year: 2008
Number Pages:
51pp.
Author(s): Cabral-Fonseca, S.
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ICT
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Estatística de ensaios interlaboratoriais - Tratamento e avaliação de resultados experimentais
Os resultados experimentais, obtidos através da medição de propriedades dos materiais e produtos, requerem tratamento específico e adequado, de forma a garantir a sua qualidade. É por isso muitas vezes necessário recorrer a métodos estatísticos para fazer a análise do tipo de distribuição dos resultados, proceder à deteção de valores suspeitos num conjunto de observações e à eventual rejeição de resultados anómalos. Este tipo de tratamento estatístico é principalmente adequado a ensaios de intercomparação, quer do foro metrológico (comparação de valores de padrões ou materiais de referência, mediante medição efetuada por operadores de diferentes laboratórios metrológicos, com incerteza variável), quer do âmbito dos laboratórios de ensaio. Os ensaios de Comparação Interlaboratorial realizados por laboratórios de ensaio, constituem uma ferramenta de garantia da Qualidade e são utilizados para a validação de métodos de ensaio (incerteza e robustez) e como um meio para a determinação das características de desempenho dos laboratórios, nomeadamente da reprodutibilidade e da repetibilidade. Nesta publicação faz-se uma descrição dos vários parâmetros que devem ser determinados em ensaios interlaboratoriais do tipo Intercomparações com valor de consenso e respetivos métodos de cálculo. A estatística aqui apresentada pode, numa boa parte dos casos, ser também aplicada à análise de resultados de medições experimentais correntes.
Year: 2015
Author(s): Real, L. P.
Keywords: Garantia de qualidade; Método estatístico; Ensaio interlaboratorial
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Weathering and polymer degradation - Review article
The main purpose of this Paper is to present a state of the art about weathering and polymer degradation. This review was presented during a training course promoted by the 5th European Weathering Symposium EWS (XXVIIth Colloquium of Danubian Countries on Natural and Artificial Ageing of Polymers), which was held in Lisbon on September 21 - 23, 2011, organised on behalf of CEEES (Confederation of European Environmental Engineering Societies) by the German Management Society for Environmental Engineering GUS (Gesellschaft für Umweltsimulation e.V.) and supported by SOPSAR (Sociedade Portuguesa de Simulação Ambiental e de Avaliação de Riscos), APIP (Associação Portuguesa da Indústria de Plásticos) and LNEC (Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil). The main topics of this review are the weathering of polymers and composites, the determination, simulation and effects of relevant climatic quantities, innovative polymer additives, new test procedures and devices, instrumental methods of analysis to evaluate polymer degradation, recent developments in polymeric materials and composites designed for outdoor applications and methods for service-life prediction.
Year: 2012
Number Pages:
135pp.
Author(s): Real, L. P.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Durability of construction materials; Construction materials degradation; Materials construction weathering; Composite materials; Polymer
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Outro
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MILACRIL BRILHANTE (cor branca) e PRIMÁRIO TT - Revestimento por pintura para azulejos em paredes e tetos interiores de habitações
N/A
Year: 2022
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento de paredes; Revestimento por pintura; Parede interior; Revestimento de tetos
Info
Tinta AQUAREPEL (cor branca) - Revestimentos por pintura para paredes exteriores
N/A
Year: 2022
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento por pintura; Parede exterior; Revestimento de parede
Info
Tinta ROBBIFLEX (cor branca) + PRIMÁRIO HIDRO-ARMADURA FIXADOR NG - Revestimento elastomérico por pintura para paredes exteriores de edifícios
N/A
Year: 2022
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento de parede; Revestimento por pintura; Revestimento impermeabilizante; Parede exterior
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PROBEX AQUOSO (cor CAMBALA TD 290) - Verniz para madeira em exterior
N/A
Year: 2021
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Verniz; Revestimento por pintura; Proteção de madeiras; Madeira
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TINTA ACRÍLICA PURA 9G (cor branca) + PRIMÁRIO PLIOMIL AQUOSO - Revestimentos por pintura para paredes exteriores
N/A
Year: 2021
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento de paredes; Revestimento por pintura; Parede exterior
Info
Tinta SUPERLAVÁVEL MATE + Primário ISOSELANTE - Revestimento por pintura para paredes e tetos interiores de edifícios
N/A
Year: 2021
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento de paredes; Revestimento por pintura; Parede interior; Revestimento de tetos
Info
TINTA NOVÁQUA HD + PRIMÁRIO CINOLITE - Revestimentos por pintura para paredes exteriores
N/A
Year: 2020
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento por pintura; Parede exterior; Revestimento de parede
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Tinta DYRUSTAR (cor branca) + Primário Aquoso Branco - Revestimento por pintura de base aquosa para paredes e tetos interiores de edifícios
N/A
Year: 2019
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento de parede; Revestimento por pintura; Parede interior; Revestimento de teto
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Luso Spray Branco - Produto para marcação rodoviária
N/A
Year: 2018
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Europa; Termoplástico; Pavimento betuminoso; Marca rodoviária
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MILACRIL BRILHANTE (cor branca) e PRIMÁRIO TT - Revestimento por pintura para superfícies cerâmicas no interior de habitações
N/A
Year: 2018
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Keywords: Documento de aplicação; Revestimento de paredes; Revestimento por pintura; Parede interior; Revestimento de tetos
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