Fazer habitação não se pode limitar ao espaço que fica da soleira da porta de entrada para dentro, sendo essenciais as condições de habitabilidade e de conforto proporcionadas pelo sítio onde habitamos, nas quais se destacam, quer a máxima protecção relativamente às diversas fontes de poluição e aos perigos e incómodos associados à circulação de veículos motorizados, quer a existência de espaços exteriores e equipamentos que sejam verdadeiramente convidativos para uma intensa estadia no exterior em actividades de lazer, recreio e convívio, num contacto estimulante com a natureza e num meio especialmente amigável para crianças e idosos. Resumindo-se, importa sublinhar que no exterior e na envolvente da habitação também se deve poder habitar com saúde e com evidente bem estar.

The hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics of a low energy estuarine beach was analysed. The beach is subjected to local wind waves generated in an area of restricted fetch, wake waves generated by catamarans and a semi diurnal meso-tidal regime. Only storm events of short duration modify the beach profile, which, once the normal hydrodynamic conditions are restored, naturally recovers its initial shape. The beach is characterised by having a steep upper slope until mean sea level, followed, seaward, by a low gradient terrace, and a bimodal sediment distribution. To investigate the hydro sedimentologic beach behaviour, wind, topo-hydrographic and sedimentologic data were used as input and validation of process based numerical modelling. Wave generation and transformation in an area of restricted fetch, nearshore circulation, sediment transport and morphological evolution were simulated for average annual conditions and storm conditions. The statistical analysis of a six-year wind data series allowed to derive the average wind regime, based on which, the average annual wave regime and the average annual longshore sediment budget, 14.5x103 m3year-1, were calculated. The contribution of the individual components of the representative wave regime, discretised by directional sector and height class of incidence, was evaluated as well as the spatial distribution of the longshore sediment transport in the active part of the beach profile. The characteristics of the wave groups generated by the passage of catamarans at different speeds were estimated and their action on the beach morphology was simulated. Although when the catamarans travel at 20 knots speed the average annual wake wave energy dissipated at the beach is 2.5 times higher than the average annual wind wave energy, the erosion effect on the beach profile is still not relevant for the present traffic. In opposition, short duration storm events generate the formation of an erosion scarp at the upper part of the beach face. The numerical modelling of this phenomenon allowed to acknowledge on the protective effect that the low gradient terrace has on the beach face.

This paper addresses groundwater artificial recharge solutions for integrated management of watersheds and aquifer systems under extreme drought scenarios. Based on a lecture presented by Dr. JP Lobo Ferreira at UNESCO

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As condições habitacionais devem participar na vitalização da cidade e na oferta, hoje fundamental, de ambientes de vida que apoiem a regeneração de uma vida diária estimulante e integradora, pois passamos muitas horas da semana nas nossas habitações e vizinhanças; e considerando os grupos sociais com menos possibilidade de se afastarem das suas habitações para férias, então a importância do sítio que habitamos torna-se ainda mais determinante. Más condições habitacionais podem afectar a saúde física e psíquica, assim como o bem-estar social dos habitantes, salientandos e que um ambiente residencial claramente higiénico e convidativo é especialmente importante para as crianças, pois influencia, directa e indirectamente, o seu desenvolvimento físico, psicológico e social; e parece decorrer desta ideia a influência potencial de um tal ambiente em outros grupos sociais sensíveis ou criticamente desintegrados.Devem ser favorecidos os agrupamentos residenciais pouco numerosos e que criem agradáveis espaços de vizinhança que possam dinamizar o convívio local; condição que é crítica tratando-se de conjuntos de

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THE PROPAGATION OF UNCERTAINTY RELATED TO THE CALIBRATION FUNCTIONS OF PLATINUM RESISTANCE THERMOMETERS AND POSSIBLE CORRELATION EFFECTS A. S. Ribeiro1, J. A. Sousa2, C. O. Costa1, M. G. Cox3, P. M. Harris3 1 National Laboratory of Civil Engineering, 1700-066 Lisbon, Portugal 2 Madeira Regional Laboratory of Civil Engineering, 9000-264 Funchal, Portugal 3 National Physical Laboratory, TW11 0LW Teddington, Middlesex, UK In metrology laboratories, the transfer of traceability from primary standards (fixed points) to standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRTs) is commonly based on the use of in-house methodologies with the testing points defined by the International Temperature Scale, ITS-90. This process, however, is not simple, since different calibration functions apply to different temperature sub-intervals. The process has two stages: (1) estimation of the calibration parameters of the PRT, and (2) the use of those calibration parameter estimates to obtain temperatures from measured values of electrical resistance. A relevant discussion is whether to use the above two stages or an approach given by combining them, taking into account the correlation associated with estimates of the calibration parameter estimates. In such cases, a further uncertainty component should be evaluated and included in the uncertainty budget. An example of application is given regarding the calibration and use of 25 W SPRTs in a metrology laboratory, considering two overlapping sub-intervals.

This text reflects the first of the four lectures that the author has presented at Udine, Italy, at CISM