Papers

We investigate the effect of tracking errors on the accuracy and stability of Eulerian-Lagrangian methods (ELMs) for the solution of the transport equation. A combination of formal analysis and numerical experimentation demonstrates that the effect is severe. Even moderate tracking errors substantially affect the preservation of the zeroth, first and second moments of concentration ( mass, phase and diffusion) and may lead to the instability of otherwise stable and very accurate ELMs. The use of accurate tracking algorithms is strongly recommended for Eulerian-Lagrangian simulations involving complex flows. Key Words: Transport equation. Eulerian-Lagrangian methods. Tracking methods. Mass conservation. Numerical experimentation. Accuracy

O Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) dispõe desde 1995 de umacentrifugadora geotécnica. A centrifugadora, uma Acutronic modelo 661, tem uma capacidade de 40g--ton e um raio de 1,80 m à plataforma giratória. O artigo descreve o desenvolvimento da instalação,incluindo as características gerais do equipamento e sistemas eléctricos, ópticos e mecânicosassociados. Perspectivam-se as possibilidades de modelação física no âmbito da geotecnia.

O Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) dispõe desde 1995 de umacentrifugadora geotécnica. A centrifugadora, uma Acutronic modelo 661, tem uma capacidade de 40gtone um raio de 1,80 m à plataforma giratória. O artigo descreve o desenvolvimento da instalação,incluindo as características gerais do equipamento e sistemas eléctricos, ópticos e mecânicos associados

Three-dimensional simulations of barotropic tides are used to investigate the complex circulation at the mouth of the Tagus estuary. Comparison with field data shows that elevations are well represented in the main area of interest, but velocities are slightly over-predicted due to a simplified treatment of intertidal flats. Model results show the existence of strong velocity phase lags (up to 1.75 hours for the semi-diurnal constituents) between the shallow areas and the deep channel. These phase lags are partially responsible for the generation by advective accelerations of a strong residual velocity field (velocities reach 0.5 m/s -1) with well defined eddies. The interaction between the residual and tidal velocity fields in turn generates strong chaotic stirring.Localized sigma coordinates (LSC), a recently proposed method which allows the number of nodes per vertical to vary horizontally, are used for the first time in a three-dimensional application. A previously proposed criterion for the horizontal distribution of the total number of vertical nodes is shown to be inadequate when advective accelerations are important. However, with an alternative criterion, the use of LSC reduces maximum errors by a factor of two relative to traditional sigma coordinates.

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Avaliação interlaboratorial (LNEC / INETI / CTCOR) da condutibilidade térmica de placas de cortiça

The variability of estuarine residence times is elucidated through accurate, diagnostic numerical tracking of a large number of particles, complemented with statistical analysis. Residence times are shown to have strong spatial and temporal variability, which is accentuated by exchanges between the estuary and the coastal ocean due to chaotic stirring at the mouth. The concept of a single residenc time per estuary, while convenient from both ecological and engineering viewpoints, is therefore shown to be an oversimplification. Maps of residence times and cumulative histograms are examined as alternatives. The former are attractive only for once-through tracers, while the latter appear useful over a broader range of tracer characteristics. Key Words: Residence Times Tejo estuary

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Dans un article précédent, les auteurs ont présenté un modèle analytique pour l