Papers
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A semi-analytical model of the 3D boundary layer over the streamlined nose of a train.
The boundary layer concept is applied to the flow around the nose of a streamlined train. In general, that flow is not axisymmetric due to the shape of the nose and the crosswind component of the relative incoming velocity. This departure from axisymmetry produces a transverse pressure gradient that is responsible for skewing an otherwise plane boundary layer. An empirical correlation, dependent on the longitudinal velocity and one unknown parameter, is used to represent the transverse velocity profile. The value of that unknown parameter is obtained from the momentum equations integrated streamwise inside the boundary layer. A visual comparison was carried out between the numerical simulations and the skin shear pattern of a scale model in a wind tunnel. The qualitative results compare well, the numerical model being able to locate the position of the main longitudinal vortices on the lee side of the train.
Year: 2013
Number Pages:
78-88pp.
Author(s): Pereira, I.; André, J.M.C.S.
: Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics
Editor: ELSEVIER
Keywords: Longitudinal vortices; Skewed boundary layer; Three-dimensional boundary layer; Train aerodynamics
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Experimental investigation on the seismic performance of masonry buildings using shaking table testing
Masonry buildings worldwide exhibited severe damage and collapse in recent strong earthquake events. It is known that their brittle behavior, which is mainly due to the combination of low tensile strength, large mass and insufficient connection between structural elements, is the main limitation for their structural implementation in residential buildings. A new construction system for masonry buildings using concrete blocks units and trussed reinforcement is presented here and its seismic behavior is validated through shaking table tests. Dynamic tests of two geometrically identical two-story reduced scale (1:2) models have been carried out, considering artificial accelerograms compatible with the elastic response spectrum defined by the Eurocode 8. The first model was reinforced with the new proposed system while the second model was built with unreinforced masonry. The experimental analysis encompasses local and global parameters such as cracking patterns, failure mechanisms, and in-plane and out-of-plane behavior in terms of displacements and lateral drifts from where the global dynamic behavior of the two buildings is analyzed comparatively. Finally, behavior factors for the design recommendations in case of unreinforced masonry are also evaluated.
Year: 2013
Number Pages:
1157
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Lourenço, P.; Vasconcelos, G.; Avila, L.; Mendes, N.; Pedro Alves, J.
: Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 11, Issue 4.
Keywords: Shaking table; Behavior factor; Bed joint reinforcement; Seismic performance; Concrete block masonry
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Out-of-plane behaviour of a full scale stone masonry facade. Part 1: specimen and ground motion selection
The out-of-plane response of walls in existing stone masonry buildings is one of the major causes of vulnerability commonly observed in post-earthquake damage surveys. In this context, a shaking table (ST) test campaign was carried out on a full-scale masonry façade mainly focusing on the characterization of its out-of-plane overturning behaviour. The structure tested on the ST is a partial reproduction of an existing building from Azores, damaged during the 9 July 1998 Faial earthquake. The definition of the tested specimen as well as the selection of the input ground motion is reported in this paper. A specific emphasis is given to the definition of the time-history to be applied during the tests because it was felt as an essential and crucial part of the work to obtain the desired overturning behaviour. The accelerogram to be imposed was selected from a large set of accelerograms (74) by means of a step-by-step procedure on the basis of several numerical analyses resorting to the rocking response of rigid blocks.
Year: 2013
Number Pages:
2081
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Costa, A.; Penna, A.; Arêde, A.
: Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
Editor: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volume:
Vol. 42.
DOI:
10.1002/eqe.2313
Keywords: Full scale; Ground motion selection; Rocking; Masonry; Out-of-plane; Shaking table
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Out-of-plane behaviour of a full scale stone masonry façade. Part 2: shaking table tests
The present work describes a shaking table experimental campaign specifically developed for the characterisation of the out-of-plane response of a full scale stone masonry façade. After the description of the specimen and the selection of the input motion presented in a companion paper (Part 1), the experimental campaign is illustrated and extensively described. The out-of-plane behaviour of the sacco masonry façade is presented in terms of displacements, velocities, and accelerations recorded during the shaking table tests. A one-sided rocking response of the façade was observed prior to collapse. The impacts were clearly identified in the acceleration records. The façade overturning occurred with the expected failure mode, as predicted in the design of the test.Finally, some conclusions are drawn regarding the observed behaviour and particular features of this type of stone masonry constructions, which may influence the global behaviour of the façade.
Year: 2013
Number Pages:
2097
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Penna, A.; Arêde, A.; Costa, A.; Costa, A.A.
: Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
Editor: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Volume:
Vol. 42, Issue 14.
DOI:
10.1002/eqe.2314
Keywords: Full scale; Ground motion selection; Rocking; Masonry; Out-of-plane; Shaking table
Info
Seismic energy dissipation in inelastic frames: understanding state-of-the-practice damping models
During seismic action, energy dissipation in structures occurs in structural and non-structural components, as well as in the substructure. Several of these dissipative mechanisms are modelled explicitly in nonlinear dynamic analyses, notably through relatively sophisticated hysteretic finite elements. Nevertheless, in most practical applications, it is not possible to simulate all the physical contributions to energy dissipation.Structural engineers are thus constrained to overcome this limitation by a mathematical artifice, in the form of equivalent linear viscous damping, which accounts for the remaining
Year: 2013
Number Pages:
148-158pp.
Author(s): Correia, A.A.; Almeida, J.P.; Pinho, R.
: Structural Engineering International
Editor: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering
Volume:
Vol. 23, Number 2.
Keywords: Force-based element; Inelastic frame; Damping models; Energy dissipation; Nonlinear dynamic analysis
Info
Simulações numéricas do comportamento de amortecedores de líquido sintonizado sujeitos a ações sísmicas
A utilização de dispositivos de dissipação de energia é vista como forma eficiente para proteger estruturas contra ações sísmicas. Os dispositivos Amortecedores de Líquido Sintonizados (ALS) são uma forma simples mas eficaz para reduzir a resposta de estruturas face a ações dinâmicas. Este artigo descreve simulações numéricas sobre o comportamento de ALS, isolados e/ou incluídos numa estrutura de transmissão, comparando-as com os resultados obtidos experimentalmente. Para o efeito foi usado um software de acesso livre denominado CLAWPACK com potencialidades para simular os fenómenos que ocorrem no interior de ALSs. O CLAWPACK consiste num conjunto de rotinas em Fortran desenvolvidas para obtenção de soluções numéricas de sistemas hiperbólicos de equações parcialmente diferenciais no tempo, como é o caso dos fenómenos não-lineares subjacentes à shallow water wave theory. Foram necessárias adaptações e ajustes em algumas das rotinas principais para permitir a simulação das excitações dinâmicas pretendidas. Nas simulações numéricas são variados alguns parâmetros, em que se incluem a altura de água, a amplitude de excitação e o número de dispositivos. Os principais resultados obtidos são comparados, com os resultados obtidos experimentalmente, tanto para dispositivos isolados como para dispositivos incluídos nas estruturas ensaiadas. As principais conclusões obtidas serão também apresentadas.
Year: 2013
Number Pages:
25-34pp.
Author(s): Falcão Silva, M. J.; Campos Costa, A.; Guerreiro, L.
: RPEE
Editor: LNEC
Volume:
Série II, nº 13.
Keywords: Sistemas passivos; Simulações numéricas; Mitigação de vibrações; Amortecedores de líquido sintonizado; Proteção sísmica
Info
A segurança sísmica na reabilitação de edifícios - Enquadramento e dimensão política
N/A
Year: 2012
Number Pages:
4pp.
Author(s): Coelho, E.; Bairrão, R.
: Pedra & Cal, Conservação e Reabilitação
Volume:
Nº 53.
Info
Gestão do risco sísmico em tubagens enterradas - O caso dos sistemas de drenagem de águas residuais
As tubagens enterradas constituem componentes principais de sistemas que permitem assegurar o bem estar e o desenvolvimento da sociedade, nomeadamente no que respeita ao abastecimento de água, à drenagem de águas residuais, ao transporte de energia e à comunicação.Com a consolidação das malhas urbanas, tem-se assistido a uma crescente preocupação, não só com a construção, mas em especial com a fase de utilização desses sistemas, tanto nas atividades de exploração (operação e manutenção) como de fim de vida (reabilitação e substituição). Adicionalmente, existe um conjunto crescente de preocupações mais vasto do que as questões operacionais correntes, que inclui os efeitos de fenómenos naturais, como os sismos. As abordagens de gestão do risco permitem ter em conta estes fenómenos e lidar explicitamente com a incerteza que lhes está associada.No contexto da problemática da gestão do risco sísmico de tubagens enterradas, apresenta-se um levantamento de modelos para avaliação da respetiva vulnerabilidade. No âmbito deste artigo é proposta uma abordagem para incorporar a variabilidade probabilística na modelação da vulnerabilidade sísmica de tubagens enterradas. Os resultados obtidos com a metodologia proposta são comparados com a gama de variação da vulnerabilidade sísmica apresentada pela American Lifelines Alliance.
Year: 2012
Number Pages:
4-21pp.
Author(s): Sousa, V.; Luísa Sousa, M.; Campos Costa, A.; Matos, J. S.; Almeida, N.
: Revista Águas & Resíduos
Editor: APESB
Volume:
Série III, N.º 17.
Keywords: Vulnerabilidade sísmica; Tubagem enterrada; Sistema de drenagem; Risco Sísmico
Info
On dynamic control of structural vibrations. Research activities conducted within the COVICOCEPAD Project
N/A
Year: 2012
Number Pages:
1pp.
Author(s): Bairrão, R.
: NED University Journal of Research
Volume:
Thematic Issue on Earthquakes.
Info
Shaking table experimental researches aimed at the protection of structures subjected to dynamic loading
N/A
Year: 2012
Number Pages:
6pp.
Author(s): Bairrão, R.
: The Open Construction and Building Technology Journal
Volume:
Volume 6.
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Comunicação
Info
Dynamic behaviour of concrete dams monitoring and modeling
This work presents the results of dynamic measurements carried out at Cabril dam, the highest Portuguese arch dam (132 m). The results observed are compared with those of a numerical model of 3D finite elements, based on the hypothesis of linear elastic behaviour and by assuming that the hydrodynamic water pressure is properly simulated through associated water masses, in accordance with Westergaard
Year: 2004
Number Pages:
9p.
Author(s): Mendes, P.; Oliveira, S.; Guerreiro, L.; Baptista, M.A.; Campos Costa, A.
Editor: 13WCEE Secretariat
Keywords: Concrete dams; Dynamic identification
Info
Modelos estocásticos com rutura progressiva de falhas para a caracterização da ação sísmica. Aplicação ao sismo de lisboa de 1 de novembro de 1755.
Desenvolveram-se modelos estocásticos, aplicando-se o estudo à caracterização dos movimentos do solo para o caso concreto da fonte geradora do sismo de 1755, considerando-se diferentes geometrias de fonte sísmica. Efectua-se uma comparação dos diferentes resultados com o mapa de isossistas reais do sismo de 1755, tecendo-se algumas considerações a respeito das diferentes idealizações do fenómeno na fonte que têm vindo a ser apresentadas por outros investigadores.
Year: 2004
Number Pages:
281-290pp.
Author(s): Carvalho, A. M.; Campos Costa, A.; Oliveira, C.S.
Editor: Universidade do Minho
Keywords: Sismo de 1755; Modelos estocáticos
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Shaking table tests of 1:3 reduced scale models of four story unreinforced masonry buildings
This paper presents an ongoing experimental programme that aims at the quantification of vulnerability curves of typical Portuguese
Year: 2004
Number Pages:
10p.
Author(s): Candeias, P.; Campos Costa, A.; Coelho, E.
Editor: 13WCEE Secretariat
Info
Simulador de cenários sísmicos integrado num sistema de informação geográfica
No âmbito de um projeto promovido pelo Serviço Nacional de Proteção Civil (SNPC) foi desenvolvido no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) um Simulador de Cenários Sísmicos (SCS) constituído por um pacote de rotinas integradas num Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o simulador desenvolvido e evidenciar a sua versatilidade devido à sua formulação matemática robusta e estrutura modular. É efetuada uma aplicação do cenário do sismo de 1755 à Área Metropolitana de Lisboa (AML) e concelhos limítrofes, apresentando-se os resultados em termos da ação sísmica, para o substrato rochoso e superfície, e danos do edificado.
Year: 2004
Number Pages:
455-464pp.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Luísa Sousa, M.; Carvalho, A. M.; Bilé Serra, J.; Cansado Carvalho, E.; Martins, A.
Editor: Universidade do Minho
Keywords: Simulador de cenários sísmicos
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Use of ambient vibration testing for modal evaluation of a 16 floor reinforced concrete building in Lisbon, Portugal
This paper presents a description of the experimental and analytical studies performed on a multi-storey office building in the newly residential and office area of Lisbon, Portugal. The building is located in sensitive alluvium soil, near Tagus river
Year: 2004
Number Pages:
10p.
Author(s): Baptista, M.A.; Mendes, P.; Campos Costa, A.; Oliveira, C.S.; Afilhado, A.; Silva, P.
Editor: 13WCEE Secretariat
Keywords: Ambient vibration testing
Info
Monitorização e modelação do comportamento dinâmico de barragens de betão
Neste trabalho pretende-se mostrar que os recentes desenvolvimentos ao nível dos equipamentos de medição de vibrações e ao nível das metodologias de identificação modal, possibilitam o desenvolvimento de sistemas de monitorização dinâmica para grandes barragens, que permitirão registar e analisar continuamente, com uma precisão aceitável, a resposta dinâmica destas obras sob a acção do ruído ambiente e sob acções sísmicas de diferentes intensidades. Salienta-se que, no âmbito das actividades de controlo da segurança de barragens, estes sistemas poderão ter grande interesse, nomeadamente: i) na análise de processos de deterioração evolutiva; e ii) na análise dos efeitos das acções sísmicas. Apresentam-se resultados de medições dinâmicas efectuadas na barragem do Cabril, sob a acção da excitação ambiente, os quais são comparados com resultados de anteriores medições realizadas em ensaios de vibração forçada. Os resultados observados são comparados com os de um modelo numérico de elementos finitos tridimensionais baseado na hipótese de comportamento elástico linear admitindo que o efeito hidrodinâmico da água é adequadamente simulado através de massas de água associadas segundo a fórmula de Westergaard.
Year: 2003
Number Pages:
14p.
Author(s): Oliveira, S.; Rodrigues, J.; Mendes, P.; Campos Costa, A.
Editor: Universidade de Évora
Keywords: Identificação modal; Barragens de betão
Info
Caracterização dinâmica da ponte 25 de Abril com base em ensaios de medição de vibrações ambiente
Esta comunicação refere-se aos ensaios de caracterização dinâmica realizados pelo LNEC após a conclusão das obras de alargamento do tabuleiro rodoviário e de colocação do tabuleiro ferroviário na ponte 25 de Abril. Estes ensaios consistiram na medição de acelerações na estrutura resultantes da ação do vento e do tráfego rodoviário, tendo sido efetuados com o objetivo de avaliar experimentalmente as características dinâmicas globais da ponte. Descrevem-se os equipamentos e os procedimentos adotados nos ensaios, bem como os métodos utilizados na análise dos registos obtidos. Comparam-se também as características dinâmicas avaliadas nos ensaios com as calculadas com um modelo de elementos finitos.
Year: 2002
Number Pages:
489-498pp.
Author(s): Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Ponte 25 de Abril; Ensaio dinâmico in-situ
Info
Dynamic identification and seismic analysis of the
This paper presents part of the work developed for the seismic behavior study of an ancient structure, over 400 years old. The church structure was numerically modeled via the finite element method, using a three dimensional model with parameters calibrated by experimental testing. In situ and laboratory tests on extracted samples were performed, and dynamic tests were carried out for modal identification and structural stiffness calibration. The seismic analysis was performed in two calculation phases, under the action of artificially generated accelerograms representative of the local seismicity. Results of linear elastic dynamic calculations allowed the global behavior to be analyzed and provided the input for more detailed local analyses of structural parts where the non-linear behavior was considered. Finally, the seismic vulnerability of the structure is briefly addressed and discussed.
Year: 2002
Number Pages:
7p.
Author(s): Arêde, A.; Costa, A.; Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.; Almeida, C.
: Proceedings of IMAC-XX: A Conference on Structural Dynamics
Editor: Society for Experimental Mechanics
Keywords: In-situ tests;
Info
Ensaios de caracterização dinâmica da estrutura de ampliação do aeroporto da Ilha da Madeira
Nesta comunicação descrevem-se a apresentam-se os resultados dos ensaios de caracterização dinâmica da estrutura de ampliação do aeroporto de Stª Catarina na ilha da Madeira. Estes ensaios integraram-se nos ensaios de receção efetuados pelo LNEC após a conclusão das obras de construção da estrutura, antes do início da sua utilização para o tráfego de aviões. Os ensaios dinâmicos consistiram na medição de acelerações na estrutura induzidas pelo tráfego de camiões carregados, e pela libertação repentina de um peso de 608 kN suspenso a meio vão de dois dos painéis de laje da estrutura. Descrevem-se os equipamentos e as técnicas adotadas nos ensaios, bem como os métodos utilizados na análise dos registos obtidos.
Year: 2002
Number Pages:
499-508pp.
Author(s): Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Aeroporto da Ilha da Madeira; Ensaio dinâmico in-situ
Info
Regional seismic risk scenarios based on hazard deaggregation
In order to assess hazard seismic scenarios for a region selected sites, seismic deaggregation was evaluated applying a mixed model that uses (i) gross source zones to compute b_values and maximum magnitudes and (ii) geographically uniform bins to obtain seismic rates. Results are presented in terms of magnitude and geographical coordinates for the parishes of Lisbon County and surrounding areas. Once obtained the most likely scenarios that can affect the metropolitan region of Lisbon, seismic risk scenario was assessed weighting those scenarios with the geographic distribution of elements at risk in the region. The final risk scenario was the one that conducted to the higher total risk for the region in each considered return period.
Year: 2002
Number Pages:
10p.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Luísa Sousa, M.; Carvalho, A. M.; Bilé Serra, J.; Cansado Carvalho, E.
Editor: Elsevier
Keywords: Probabilistic seismic hazard; Deaggregation; Seismic risk scenario
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Books
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Historical earthquake-resistant timber framing in the mediterranean area
This book presents a selection of the best papers from the HEaRT 2015 conference, held in Lisbon, Portugal, which provided a valuable forum for engineers and architects, researchers and educators to exchange views and findings concerning the technological history, construction features and seismic behavior of historical timber-framed walls in the Mediterranean countries. The topics covered are wide ranging and include historical aspects and examples of the use of timber-framed construction systems in response to earthquakes, such as the gaiola system in Portugal and the Bourbon system in southern Italy; interpretation of the response of timber-framed walls to seismic actions based on calculations and experimental tests; assessment of the effectiveness of repair and strengthening techniques, e.g., using aramid fiber wires or sheets; and modelling analyses. In addition, on the basis of case studies, a methodology is presented that is applicable to diagnosis, strengthening and improvement of seismic performance and is compatible with modern theoretical principles and conservation criteria. It is hoped that, by contributing to the knowledge of this construction technique, the book will help to promote conservation of this important component of Europe
Year: 2016
Number Pages:
468p.
Author(s): Cruz, H.; Saporiti Machado, J.; Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Catarino, J. M.
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 1.
Keywords: Heart 2015 Conference; Historic Masonry; Performance-based Assessment; Structural Health Monitoring; Timber-Framed Construction Systems; Seismic-Resistant Timber Frames; Historical Constructive Analysis; Historical Timber-Framed Walls
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Assessment of the seismic capacity of stone masonry walls with block models
The applications of discrete elements models based on rigid block formulations to the analysis of masonry walls under horizontal out-of-plane loading is simplified block pattern are addressed. Two procedures for creating irregular block systems are presented, one using Voronoi polygons, the other based on a bed and cross joint structure with random deviations. A test problem provides a comparison of various regular and random block patterns, showing their influence on the failure loads. The estimation of manual frequencies of rigid block models, and its application to static pushover analyses, is addressed. An example of application of rigid block model to wall capacity problem is presented.
Year: 2011
Number Pages:
221-236pp.
Author(s): Lemos, J. V.; Campos Costa, A.; Bretas, E. M.
: Computational Methods in Earthquake Engineering
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 21.
Keywords: RTigid blocks; Discrete elements; Seismic assessment; Masonry structures
Info
Earthquake disaster scenario prediction and loss modelling for urban areas
The overall aim of Sub-Project 10 (Earthquake disaster scenario predictions and loss modelling for urban areas) has been to create a tool, based on state-of-the-art loss modelling software, to provide strong, quantified statements about the benefits of a range of possible mitigation actions, in order to support decision-making by urban authorities for seismic risk mitigation strategies. A further larger aim has been to contribute to a seismic risk mitigation policy for future implementation at European level. Among the European cities for which loss estimation studies have been carried out are Istanbul, Lisbon and Thessaloniki, and tools, using GIS mapping, have been developed by research teams in each of these cities; these were made available for further development to examine mitigation strategies within SP10. Related research studies
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
180p.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Carvalho, A. M.
Editor: IUSS Press
Keywords: Shaking scenarios
Info
European manual for in-situ assessment of important existing structures. LessLoss Sub Project 5-In-situ assessment, monitoring and typification of buildings and infrastructure
Much work in Earthquake Engineering was devoted to the improvement of earthquake resistant design of new structures. One European result is EN 1998, which will be in several years the main seismic code for all European countries. But it is well known, that older existing structures cause in many large earthquakes much more casualties and damages than new structures. It is certainly not possible to retrofit all existing structures, but agreement exists, that assessment and retrofit of safety - critical - structures and lifeline structures must have priority. In September 2004 the European Integrated Research Project LESSLOSS on Risk Mitigation for Earthquakes and Landslides was started. The project will run for three years and comprises 13 Sub-Projects (SP´s). The consortium consists of 46 partners (see http:\\www.lessloss.org). LESSLOSS SP5 is on In-situ Assessment, Monitoring and Typification of buildings and Infrastructure. The project partners of SP5 are ARS, CESI, LNEC, RWTH and VCE. This Sub Project focuses mainly on the assessment of important existing structures and tries to integrate experimental methods into the assessment procedure. The progress of SP5 obtained in the first year is summarized in this paper. Highlights presented by all partners are mentioned and the assessment of Hospital Innsbruck is presented in more detail. The most innovative task of LESSLOSS/ SP5 is Update of vulnerability estimates via monitoring, which was also started in the first year.
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
195p.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Mendes, L.; Flesch, R.; Pellegrini, R.; Friedl, H.; Hoffmeister, B.; Oppe, M.; Veit-Egerer, R.; Wenzel, H.; Eusebio, M.
Editor: IUSS Press
Keywords: Structures; Earthquake
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Modal analysis from ambient vibration survey of bridges: LNEC experience
In order to study the behavior of bridge structures in relation to traffic, wind and seismic loads, it is extremely important to know their actual dynamic properties (natural frequencies, vibration mode shapes and damping). The experimentally identified dynamic properties of bridge structures are also an effective way to characterize their actual global structural behavior. Whether included in the reception load tests of recently built bridges, before they are opened to the traffic, or as part of the inspection works of bridges already in service, LNEC has performed modal analysis studies based on the results of ambient vibration tests. Some of the studies carried out recently in important bridges are reported in this paper.
Year: 1999
Number Pages:
712-718pp.
Author(s): Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.
: Proceedings of the 17th International Modal Analysis Conference : February 8 - 11, 1999 / IMAC XVII.
Editor: SEM
Volume:
Vol. 3727.
Keywords: Dynamic properties; Bridge structures
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O Sismo de Northridge, Los Angeles, de 17 Janeiro de 1994. Ensinamentos para Portugal.
O sismo de Northridge ocorreu na parte norte da área metropolitana de Los Angeles, Califórnia, às 4:31 h do dia 17 de janeiro, uma segunda-feira coincidente com dia de feriado nacional, tendo atingindo uma magnitude de 6.6 na escala de Richter. O número total de vítimas mortais cifra-se em 57, havendo para cima de 8 000 feridos e 20 000 desalojados.As estimativas de perdas totais, feitas em meados de fevereiro de 1994, apontavam para valores de 15 biliões de US dólares, tendo o Estado da Califórnia apresentado um impacto económico total de ordem dos 30 biliões de dólares, perto do valor do Orçamento Geral do estado Português para 1994. Os prejuízos infligidos na indústria e no comércio são também surpreendentemente elevados, exigindo longos períodos de interrupção das atividades económicas.
Year: 1995
Number Pages:
165p.
Author(s): Oliveira, C.S.; Costa, A.; Campos Costa, A.; Azevedo, J.; Delgado, R.M.
Editor: IST e FEUP
Keywords: Northridge earthquake; Earthquake effects
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Capítulo de Livro
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Shaping favorable beliefs towards seismic protection through risk communication: A pilot-experience in two Lisbon schools (Portugal).
Communicating science within disaster risk reduction using methods that encourage two-way dialogue between scientists and laypersons is a challenging task. This paper aims at presenting a methodological strategy of communicating risk and non-structural seismic protection measures through participatory approach. Such methodological strategy is part of a pilot experience of risk communication in two schools in Lisbon (Portugal) under the EU project KnowRISK (Know your city, Reduce seISmic risK through non-structural elements). The efficacy of education for seismic safety is often inhibited by an incomplete understanding of the process by which individuals decide to protect themselves from harm (Becker JS, Paton D,Johnston DM, Ronan KR. Nat Hazards 64(1):107
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
445-458pp.
Author(s): Silva, D. S.; Vicente, M.; Pereira, A.; Candeias, P.; Ferreira, M.A.; Oliveira, C.S.; Bernardo, R.; Lopes, M.; Henriques, P.
: Proceedings of the International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics
Editor: Springer Link
Volume:
Volume 47.
Keywords: Non-structural; Protective behaviours; Risk communication; Seismic risk
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Characterization of timber masonry walls with dynamic tests
Most of the Lisbon 18th century timber-framed masonry
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
299-309pp.
Author(s): Gonçalves, A.; Candeias, P.; Guerreiro, L.; Ferreira, J.; Campos Costa, A.
: Historical earthquake-resistant timber framing in the mediterranean area
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 1.
Keywords: Shaking table tests; Timber-masonry walls;
Info
KnowRISK practical guide for mitigation of seismic risk due to non-structural components
Good performance of non-structural elements can be decisive in saving lives and costs when an earthquake strikes. The European project KnowRISK aims to educate and encourage households to take the necessary precautionary measures to protect people, houses, and contents. Preparedness and prevention act on community resilience. Within the KnowRISK project, the idea of a Practical Guide has been conceived suggesting seismic mitigation solutions for non-structural components to non-experts stakeholders. It is intended to guide people into the first steps of prevention in a straightforward manner, minimizing or avoiding injuries, damage, and long-term financial consequences. The novelty of the Guide belongs to his philosophy: a path through increasing challenges corresponds to a growing level of safety. The idea is that anyone can mitigate seismic risk in its own environment by adopting simple and low cost measures. The Practical Guide may contribute to increase risk awareness. This kind of initiatives if undertaken at larger scales may also enhance social resilience.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
309-321pp.
Author(s): Ferreira, M.A.; Oliveira, C.S.; Lopes, M.; Musacchio, G; Candeias, P.; Vicente, M.; Silva, D. S.; O
: Proceedings of the International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics
Editor: Springer Link
Volume:
Volume 47.
Keywords: Practical guide; Community resilience; Preparedness; Non-structural elements
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Elastic and inelastic analyses of frames with a force-based higher-order 3D beam element accounting for axial-flexural-sheartorsional interaction
When one of the dimensions of a structural member is not clearly larger than the two orthogonal ones, engineers are usually compelled to simulate it with refined meshes of shell or solid finite elements that typically impose a large computational burden. The alternative use of classical beam theories, either based on Euler-Bernoulli or Timoshenko
Year: 2016
Number Pages:
109-128pp.
Author(s): Correia, A.A.; Almeida, J.P.; Pinho, R.
: Computational Methods in Applied Sciences
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 3.
Keywords: Inelastic response; Boundary conditions; Flexural-shear-torsional interaction; Higher-order; Force-based; Beam element
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A finite-fault modeling of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake sources
A non
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
433-454.
Author(s): Carvalho, A. M.; Campos Costa, A.; Sousa Oliveira, C.
Editor: L.A. Mendes-Victor et al. (eds)
Keywords: Earthquake scenarios; Finite-fault modeling
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Simulating earthquake scenarios in the european project Lessloss: the case of Lisbon
N/A
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
233-243.
Author(s): Zonno, G.; Carvalho, A. M.; Franceschina, G.; Akinci, A.; Campos Costa, A.; Coelho, E.; Cultrera, G.; Pacor, F.; Pessina, V.; Cocco, M.
Editor: L.A. Mendes-Victor et al. (eds)
Keywords: Earthquake scenarios
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Shaking table testing
This text reflects the first of the four lectures that the author has presented at Udine, Italy, at CISM
Year: 2008
Number Pages:
165-196pp.
Author(s): Bairrão, R.
Editor: Springer Verlag
Keywords: Shaking table testing
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Tese de Doutoramento
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Modelos estocáticos para a caracterização da acção sísmica em Portugal Continental
Um dos principais problemas e interesses da engenharia sísmica é a caracterizaçãoda acção sísmica, envolvendo a estimativa da intensidade, conteúdo em frequência,duração e variabilidade espacial dos movimentos intensos do solo mais gravosos, emtermos dos seus efeitos nas estruturas, que pode ocorrer num local.O presente trabalho de investigação desenvolve e aplica a metodologia estocástica etécnicas de modelação de fonte
Year: 2009
Author(s): Carvalho, A. M.
Keywords: Portugal continental; Risco sísmico; Fonte sísmica; Modelos estocásticos; Acção sísmica
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Risco sísmico em Portugal Continental
Os sismos são encarados frequentemente como desastres naturais inevitáveis. Todavia,deveriam ser considerados fenómenos naturais, cujos efeitos adversos podem ser minimizadoscaso se proceda a uma gestão efectiva do risco sísmico.O objectivo principal do presente trabalho de investigação é o de avaliar o risco sísmicoem Portugal Continental.Sendo um tema de natureza multidisciplinar, apresentam-se e discutem-se modelos deavaliação probabilística da perigosidade sísmica e sua desagregação, de vulnerabilidade efragilidade sísmicas de tipologias construtivas, de danos e de perdas económicas e humanas.Aplica-se a análise probabilística da perigosidade sísmica, e sua desagregação, aPortugal Continental, obtendo-se cenários modais capazes de reproduzir os níveis deperigosidade que os condicionam. Apresenta-se o inventário do parque habitacional e seushabitantes, descriminado por factores de vulnerabilidade, e classifica-se a sua vulnerabilidadesegundo os modelos de dano. Procede-se à actualização e aferição de uma metodologia parasimulação de cenários sísmicos, integrada num Sistema de Informação Geográfico. Avalia-seo risco sísmico, seguindo diversas abordagens, comparando-se os resultados com o risco deoutros países.Construiu-se assim uma ferramenta de avaliação de perdas devidas a sismos, queconstitui uma primeira contribuição para o desenvolvimento de um processo de gestão dorisco sísmico aplicado ao Continente Português.
Year: 2009
Author(s): Sousa, M. L.
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Avaliação da vulnerabilidade sísmica de edifícios de alvenaria
O parque habitacional de Portugal Continental contém algumas tipologias construtivas deelevada vulnerabilidade sísmica em relação às quais urge actuar no sentido de reduzir o riscosísmico a elas associado. No projecto de investigação
Year: 2008
Author(s): Candeias, P.
Keywords: Reforço sísmico; Vulnerabilidade sísmica; Ensaios sísmicos; Edifícios
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Relatório Científico
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LNEC-SPA, signal processing and analysis tools for civil engineers - Version 1.0
N/A
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
78pp.
Author(s): Mendes, L.; Campos Costa, A.
Info
Loss estimations for a reference situation
This report addresses the National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC) participation in Subproject 10 Earthquake disaster scenario predictions and loss modelling for urban areas. More precisely this report was developed in order to accomplish the 24 months LESSLOSS deliverable nº 85, which achieves loss estimates for the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon (MAL), for pre-defined scenarios earthquake. These loss estimations represent the reference situation to be compared with revised loss estimates after implementing mitigation actions with the ultimate goal of being established, in the next deliverable, the
Year: 2007
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Luísa Sousa, M.; Carvalho, A. M.
Keywords: Risk mitigation for earthquakes
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Loss estimations for a reference situation - Application to Lisbon Metropolitan Area
N/A
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
54pp.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Sousa, M. L.; Carvalho, A. M.
Info
RELATÓRIO DE ACTIVIDADE DO PROJECTO USUET
N/A
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
60pp.
Author(s): Sousa, M. L.; Afonso, N.
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Enhancing seismic resistance and durability of natural masonry stone- Construction and 1st phase of the experimental program
The present report describes the construction of a model in limestone masonry for the user Group 3 oh the ECOLEADER Project, led by IRIDEX Construction Group, and the first phase of the experimental program developed in LNEC. The description of the construction, a photographic report and the results obtained on the characteristics tests made on the mortars used in the construction are presented.The construction was carried out by contractor José dos Santos Paixão on the basics of model details and materials specifications proposed by the User group 3, being NESDE/LNEC responsible for the guidance and supervision of the works.
Year: 2006
Author(s): Falcão Silva, M. J.; Candeias, P.; Campos Costa, A.; Bairrão, R.
Keywords: Ecoleader; Limestone masonry
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Shaking table tests of a reinforced concrete precast building system.
This report describes the first phase activity of the Portuguese group in the Precast Structures EC8 research projet. The Portuguese group is composed by Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) and the Civibral, S.A. Precast Company.In this phase, seismic test were made in the LNEC
Year: 2006
Author(s): Mendes, L.; Coelho, E.; Campos Costa, A.
Keywords: Reinforced concrete; Shaking table tests
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Building stock inventory and vulnerability data for Lisbon Metropolitan Area
The present report addresses the first twelve months of LNEC participation in LESSLOSS
Year: 2005
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Luísa Sousa, M.; Coelho, E.
Keywords: Risk mitigation for earthquakes; Vulnerability
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Dinámica de bloques de piedra.
The dynamics of rigid bodies was studies by long time, because this phenomenon is important in the seismic security of some types of structures. However, there are few experimental studies. This job shows the experimental test carried out at the Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) of Portugal. Four blue granites stones were tested, each one with different geometrical characteristics, under harmonic and random motions.A numerical simulation was carried out with the Discrete Element Method (DEM). This method has shown to be a good tool in the study of the dynamics of rigid bodies. It was proposed a new methodology to find the parameters of the DEM by using the parameters of classical theory.
Year: 2005
Author(s): Peña, F.; Campos Costa, A.; Lemos, J. V.
Keywords: Discrete Element Method (DEM); Dynamics of rigid bodies
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Seismic risk mitigation options and actions to be studied for Lisbon Metropolitan Area
The project LESSLOSS
Year: 2005
Author(s): Luísa Sousa, M.; Coelho, E.; Campos Costa, A.
Keywords: Seismic risk mitigation; Lisbon Metropolitan Area
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Outro
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Sensibilidade climática, capacidade adaptativa e de vulnerabilidades atuais e futuras da AML
Análise dos registos históricos de eventos climáticos e o seu impacto no setor da energia da AML, para identificar o grau em que este setor foi afetado por estímulos relacionados com o clima. Avaliação de capacidades adaptativas.
Year: 2019
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.; Pinto, A.; Machado, P.
Keywords: Energia; Alterações climáticas
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A propósito da forma na engenharia do vento
Análise da forma das edificações nas ações do vento
Year: 2018
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.
Keywords: Engenharia do vento; Aerodinãmica
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Forma e desenho urbano - efeitos na ventilação
As condicionantes arquitetónicas e de urbanização na ventilação natural
Year: 2018
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.
Keywords: Engenharia do vento; Ventilação
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Wind and structures
Caracterização do vento. Ações sobre estruturas. Ensaios em túnel de vento
Year: 2017
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.
Keywords: Wind tunnel; Actions on structures; Wind engineering
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