Papers
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A Qualidade da Água nas origens
Na Região Autónoma dos Açores o abastecimento público de água é realizado maioritariamente com recursos a origens subterrâneas, com desinfeção prévia à distribuição. De acordo com o 6.º objetivo para o desenvolvimento sustentável das Nações Unidas, a diminuição da poluição nas origens de água é uma das formas de melhorar a qualidade da água final. A atividade pecuária ocupa 75% da superfície agrícola útil e tem vindo a tornar-se mais intensiva em algumas ilhas, o que pode constituir um foco de contaminação das origens de água. Nesse sentido, desenvolveu-se um estudo para avaliar a suscetibilidade das captações de água para consumo humano a contaminação de origem fecal e por nitrato, tendo estabelecido como critério de qualidade o Valor Máximo Recomendado no Decreto-Lei 236/98, de 1 de agosto.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
6 pp..
Author(s): Quadros, S.; Sousa, R.; Napier, V.; Raposo, V.
: Água e Sustentabilidade Ambiental: Desafios e ação
Editor: APRH/APESB
Volume:
Boletim nº1.
Keywords: Água para consumo humano; Atividade agrícola; Indíce de suscetibilidade; Contaminação fecal; Nitrato
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A treatment reliability-based method for supporting infrastructure asset management of wastewater treatment plants
A simple and consolidated reliability-based method widely used to unveil the real reliability and stability of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is herein proposed to trigger decision making on operational improvements and asset management for maintaining or improving treatment effectiveness, reliability, and efficiency.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
13 pp..
Author(s): Silva, C.; Rosa, M. J.
: Water
Editor: MDPI
Volume:
14.
Keywords: Infrastructure asset management; Activated sludge systems; Wastewater treatment plants; Reliability
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Accessing Synergies and Opportunities between Nature-Based Solutions and Urban Drainage Systems.
Urban drainage systems face intrinsic constraints related to the deterioration of infrastructure, the interaction between systems, and increasing requirements and stresses that lower the quality of provided services. Furthermore, climate change and the need for the efficient use of resources are providing additional pressures that cannot be addressed solely with
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
19 pp..
Author(s): Ramísio, P.; Brito, R.; Beceiro, P.
: Sustainability
Editor: MDPI
Volume:
14.
Keywords: Floods; Diffuse pollution; Urban runoff; Social co-benefits; Urban environment; Urban pollution
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Aligning financial and technical procedures for the determination of urban drainage assets
The paper presents a method for aligning the relevant financial and technical procedures for determining drainage assets
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
1109-1123pp..
Author(s): Brito, R.; Martinho, M. C.; Almeida, M. C.; Fernandes, M.; Ferreira, S. F.
: Water Policy
Editor: IWA Publishing
Volume:
Volume 24 - Issue 7.
Keywords: Useful life; Urban drainage; Replacement value; Depreciation methodology; Current value
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Assessing intermittent saline inflows in urban water systems
Urban water drainage systems' primary function is to transport sanitary or stormwater. The intrusion of saline waters has recognized detrimental effects. Especially in coastal areas, saline inflows can compromise performance by increasing the risk of untreated discharges, weakening the structural condition of concrete or metallic components, reducing the effectiveness of wastewater treatment processes and limiting the potential reuse for irrigation. Performance deterioration can be prevented by an early assessment of exposure to saline water, followed by timely actions to control its causes and consequences. The paper describes a procedure for diagnosing undue saline inflows. The procedure is based on the determination of saline inflow's magnitude, acceptance levels, and contribution to the system's performance. Contextual factors and performance indicators, and their reference values, are selected for the assessment. Options to address the problem are proposed, depending on the results. These options can relate to organizational, operational, and structural actions. Application to a case study allowed to validate the method and discuss the results. Here, saline volumes entering the system are quite relevant (almost 30%), posing problems regarding corrosion, treatment plant operation and significant concrete exposure to intermittent saline waters.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
90
Author(s): Brito, R.; Almeida, M. C.; Silva, N.; Barreto, S.; Veríssimo, F.
: Water Science & Technology
Editor: IWA Publishing
Volume:
Volume 85, Issue 1.
Keywords: Undue inflow; Sewers; Saline water; Assessment
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Assessment of the contribution of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) to urban resilience: application to the case study of Porto
Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) provide a systemic approach to promote the maintenance, enhancement, and restoration of biodiversity and ecosystem services (ES) in urban areas, helping to enhance urban resilience in the water sector. Within the sustainable development goals proposed by UNHABITAT, resilience in cities was established as a critical issue. The assessment of the NBS contribution to urban resilience and the development of tools to determine the long-term value of these solutions comprise a most needed step forward.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
34 pp..
Author(s): Beceiro, P.; Brito, R.; Galvão, A.
: Ecological Engineering
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
Volume175.
Keywords: 1D-2D modelling; Urban resilience; Stormwater management and control; Resilience assessment framework (RAF); Nature-Based Solutions (NBS)
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Asset management for blue-green infrastructures: a scoping review
Urban drainage systems have developed way beyond the traditional piped combined or separate sewer systems. Many
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
19 pp..
Author(s): Langeveld, J.G.; Cherqui, N.; Gratl, F.; Muthanna, T.; Juarez, M-F; Leitão, J. P.; Roghani, B.; Kerres, K.; Almeida, M. C.; Werey, C.; Rulleau, B.
: Blue-Green Systems
Editor: IWA Publishing
Volume:
Vol 4 No 2.
Keywords: Urban drainage; Stormwater control measures; Nature-based solution
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Diagnóstico de eficiência energética nos serviços urbanos de água: abordagens inovadoras e desafios
Este trabalho visa apresentar um sistema de avaliação de desempenho inovador para diagnóstico e apoio na tomada de decisão sobre medidas de eficiência energética em serviços urbanos de águas. O sistema avalia o desempenho em termos de eficiência e eficácia a quatro níveis físicos de análise: sistema, etapa, subsistema/componente de infraestrutura e equipamento/processo de tratamento. Demonstra-se também a sua aplicação numa entidade gestora (EG) para identificação expedita das etapas prioritárias onde aprofundar o diagnóstico e intervir. Os resultados mostram que abordagens como esta, que não atendem apenas à eficiência dos equipamentos e permitem a avaliação integrada nos serviços urbanos, são fundamentais no apoio à tomada de decisão a um nível tático, e facilitam o alinhamento e execução dos planos estratégicos e operacionais.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
3p..
Author(s): Loureiro, D.; Silva, C.; Cardoso, M. A.; Rosa, M. J.; Alegre, H.
Editor: APESB
Keywords: Sistemas urbanos de águas; Avaliação de desempenho; Eficácia, eficiência energética; Diagnóstico
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Engineered pine nut shell derived activated carbons for improved removal of recalcitrant pharmaceuticals in urban wastewater treatment
Foram testados novos carbonos ativados em pó (PACs) de pinhas e casca de pinhões (PNSs) para a adsorção competitiva de compostos farmacêuticos (PhCs) suplementados (100 µg/L) em efluentes secundários e licor misto de uma estação de tratamento de águas residuais urbanas. O PNS77 ativado com vapor de água, com estrutura hierárquica de poros e 1463 m2/g de área BET, superou a referência comercial (WP220, origem mineral) para PhCs e controlo de matéria orgânica dissolvida (DOM). A modelação dos dados de isotérmica de adsorção para a gama ng/L revelou que 80% da remoção de carbamazepina e diclofenac seria alcançada dosando 8-15 mg/L PNS77 a efluente secundário, enquanto que para o licor misto a dose deve ser duplicada para balançar o aumento da competição.
Year: 2022
Author(s): Mestre, A.S.; Viegas, R.M. C.; Mesquita, E.; Rosa, M. J.; Carvalho, A. P.
: Journal of Hazardous Materials
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
Volume 437.
Keywords: ETAR; Tratamento; Compostos farmacêuticos; Cascas de pinhão; Novos carvões ativados em pó
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Enhancing hydraulic data reliability in sewers
Recently, water utilities have been making considerable investments in sewers' monitoring; however, in most cases, assuring data reliability is yet a challenge. Often, hydraulic data is collected in sewers overlooking best practice aspects. Assuming confidence in data, while disregarding cautions verifications, might lead to inadequate uses of data. The paper presents a methodology aiming to narrow the gap between science and industry, regarding monitoring programs in urban drainage. A procedure to enhance hydraulic data reliability, in line with ISO/IEC 17025:2017, was developed, applied and validated, enabling a final evaluation on data and site adequacy and an overall identification of improvement opportunities. The availability of a valuable case study comprising 32 flowmeters from Portuguese utilities, in eastern Europe, presented an opportunity to create a story line, test the procedure's coherence, present it to the technical community and evaluate the constraints that utilities, in their everyday working context, are faced with. The procedure is presented in detail and a collection of examples of its application is shown. In the final evaluation, most monitoring stations' alignment with best practice requirements were either high (25%) or acceptable (44%), regarding their overall performance and compliance with both data and site adequacy. For all of them, improvement opportunities were identified.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
642-651.
Author(s): Brito, R.; Almeida, M. C.; Ribeiro, A.
: Water Practice and Technology
Editor: IWA Publishing
Volume:
Volume 17, Issue 1.
Keywords: Sewer; Reliability; Procedure; Monitoring; Hydraulic; Data
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Comunicação
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Impacto de afluências indevidas no consumo energético em instalações elevatórias em sistemas de drenagem urbana
As afluências indevidas são identificadas como um dos principais problemas dos sistemas de águas residuais e pluviais, levando a diversos problemas de desempenho nos sistemas urbanos de água como sejam a ocorrência de inundações, a diminuição da eficiência hidráulica e energética, a redução da eficiência de tratamento na ETAR, entre outros. A atuação no controlo de afluências indevidas perspetiva oportunidades de melhoria do desempenho em várias dimensões incluindo a componente de eficiência energética. Neste artigo desenvolve-se esta temática numa perspetiva de avaliação do desempenho de instalações elevatórias (IE) embora considerando o sistema como um todo. A metodologia adotada consiste em efetuar a análise de sensibilidade de um sistema separativo de águas residuais para cenários de ocorrência de afluências indevidas à rede, de modo a avaliar o impacto no consumo de energia e noutras variáveis relevantes do sistema. O caso de estudo utilizado consiste numa adaptação do caso de estudo real correspondente ao sistema de drenagem de águas residuais da Bacia da Venteira, Amadora.A finalidade é aferir uma abordagem para tratar esta temática de modo mais geral com base no caso de estudo referido, de forma a contribuir para a sensibilização para a adoção de metodologias operacionais e de monitorização que permitam ter dados para fazer uma gestão mais racional da energia nestes sistemas. As conclusões são genericamente aplicáveis a qualquer sistema separativo de águas residuais.
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
13 pp..
Author(s): Jorge, C.; Almeida, M. C.; Covas, D.
Editor: IST
Keywords: Sistemas de drenagem; Eficiência energética; Afluências indevidas
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Key parameters for activated carbon adsorption of pharmaceutical compounds from wastewater
The complexity of water matrices and the large range of properties and therapeutic classes of pharmaceuticals call for a deeper understanding of the key properties of activated carbons that ensure their best performance for the target pharmaceuticals. Herein we present the relations obtained between parameters of the selected pharmaceuticals, activated carbons and water matrices and the pharmaceuticals removal efficiencies from spiked secondary effluent
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
1 p.
Author(s): Mestre, A.S.; Viegas, R.M. C.; Mesquita, E.; Andrade, M. A.; Rosa, M. J.; Carvalho, A. P.
Editor: American Carbon Society
Keywords: Wastewater; Pharmaceutical compounds; Adsorption descriptors; Activated carbon
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Modelling and predicting the potential application of new waste-derived activated carbons for controlling pharmaceutical compounds in conventional wastewater treatment
This paper addresses the potential application of a newly developed waste-derived PAC for controlling PhCs in CAS-WWTPs during the secondary treatment. Bench-scale tests are used to assist PAC adsorption demonstration at pilot and full scales.
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
2 p.
Author(s): Viegas, R.M. C.; Mesquita, E.; Campinas, M.; Mestre, A.S.; Carvalho, A. P.; Rosa, M. J.
Editor: IWA Publishing
Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Waste-derived activated carbons; Pharmaceutical compounds; Modeling; Adsorption
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Novel environmental-friendly activated carbons for enhanced pharmaceuticals removal from wastewaters: contributions of LIFE IMPETUS project
Novel powdered activated carbons were prepared using locally available biomass and were benchmarked against commercially available products for the competitive adsorption of a short-list of representative pharmaceutical compounds in synthetic inorganic matrix and in spiked secondary effluents
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
1 p.
Author(s): Mestre, A.S.; Viegas, R.M. C.; Mesquita, E.; Rosa, M. J.; Carvalho, A. P.
Editor: CQE, FCUL
Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Pharmaceutical compounds; Activated carbons; Biomass residues
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Performance assessment of storm water systems: framework and application results
Performance assessment has not been a common practice within storm water systems manage-ment, although it has proven to be an important tool in other water systems. In this context, it has been developed a performance assessment framework for storm water systems (SWS), focused on the functional component of systems, based on the definition of objectives, assessment crite-ria and performance indicators (PI). The main purpose of the present work was to apply the per-formance assessment framework with the collaboration of a Portuguese water utility, in the Al-mada municipality. It was developed a performance assessment system (PAS) by selecting objec-tives related to protection of public health and safety, infrastructural and economic sustainabil-ity, sustainable use of resources and provision of ecological and amenity benefits, and then it was calculated the performance indicators related to 2018. This application revealed that there were still areas with some vulnerabilities in terms of flooding occurrences and that parts of the storm water infrastructure needed great rehabilitation investment. Many performance indicators were not analysed due to lack of information. It was suggested data collection procedures to the water utility to overcome this problem and to be able to implement PAS in their management pro-gramme.
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
11 pp..
Author(s): Santos, L.F.; Cardoso, M. A.; Galvão, A.
Editor: IWA Publishing
Keywords: Water utility; Framework; Storm water systems; Performance assessment
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Public policies as strategic asset management enablers: the case of Portugal.
Urban water supply, wastewater and storm water services (globally, water services) are essential to the society. The lack of permanent, safe and respondent services has inevitable consequences on the public health and well-being of the communities, on the economy, and on the environment. Goal 6 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) recognises this, and failing to meet it necessarily affects the accomplishment of many of the other SDGs. Water service provision depends on expensive and long-lasting physical assets. Managing them strategically (e.g., according to the international standards on asset management, series ISO 55x and to the IWA recommendations) is therefore fundamental for sustainable societies. Countries need to have sound public policies that enable asset management, and Portugal is a paradigmatic case. This paper presents the key elements of an enabling public policy for water, using the case of Portugal to exemplify possible implementation solutions. It elaborates on key goals for governments, on the importance of a coherent public policy to meet them, on the elements a sound public policy should consider, on how this links to asset management, and presents how Portugal implemented this process, addressing challenges to overcome.
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
8 pp..
Author(s): Alegre, H.; Amaral, R.; Brito, R.; Baptista, J. M.
Editor: IWA Publishing
Keywords: Portugal; Policy-maker; Asset management; Utility; Water service; Public policy
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Rede de partilha de entidades gestoras de sistemas urbanos de água (iCITAGE.net)
A gestão dos serviços urbanos de águas constitui uma preocupação central das entidades gestoras (EG), seja pela crescente pressão regulatória, por constituir uma prioridade para a ERSAR, seja pela necessidade de aumentar a eficiência e a sustentabilidade do serviço e ambiental. A crise económica, que afetou recentemente a atividade do setor, sublinhou esta necessidade de racionalização do uso de recursos e de justificação de investimentos. Entre as diversas áreas de atuação têm especial destaque a gestão patrimonial de infraestruturas (GPI), a gestão de perdas em sistemas de abastecimento de água e a redução de caudais afluentes indevidamente a sistemas de drenagem.
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
11 pp..
Author(s): Brito, R.; Loureiro, D.; Cardoso, M. A.; Santos, L.F.; Almeida, M. C.
Editor: IST
Keywords: Afluências indevidas; Perdas de água; Rede de partilha; Gestão patrimonial de infraestruturas
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RESCCUE RAF app an IT solution for digital interactive urban resilience assessment
Climate change (CC) adaptation plays an important role in city and services management and resilience building, targeting the mitigation and adaptation to potential hazards in urban areas. Information technologies can play a leading role to promote fast adoption of the most relevant measures towards CC preparedness. In this paper, a web application is presented with the objective of empowering city and services managers with an accessible and reliable tool. The RESCCUE RAF App materializes a detailed CC resilience evaluation methodology with a user-friendly Web interface. It provides an evaluation of city resilience to CC impacts and urban systems vulnerabilities allowing to assess multi-sector dependencies under multiple CC scenarios. This app is integrated as a service of the Portuguese Infrastructures Roadmap, under the Infraestrutura Nacional de Computação Distribuída (INCD) infrastructure initiative that provides to the app the resources for data computation and storage, and assures its scalability to handle multiple user requests as well as database storage growth. The information provided by this app empowers city and urban services managers with an assessment allowing to know where they stand and to identify the resilience gaps, thus supporting decision on the most advantageous investments on the city and services and planning to cope with future challenges. Three case studies are being carried out in different cities (Barcelona, Lisbon and Bristol). The access to the application is made using credentials given upon request, to ensure data confidentiality. Inside the users area, the user can fill, in an interactive way, detailed information about the selected city, regarding multiple aspects such as financial plan per service, date of last review of the City Master Plan, history of climate hazards in the city or level of dependency between services. This information is then processed and several indicators are calculated on-the-fly. The assessment allows to identify development levels, ranging from the whole city to a more detailed assessment regarding a specific service. Data is stored at INCDs in RESCCUE RAF app database and can be easily analyzed and extracted by the user. These results support the city and services managers in making effective decisions to plan city resilience enhancement. In this paper, a detailed presentation of the architecture and computational choices behind the RESCCUE RAF App and its Web interface and their integration in the INCD infrastructure will be presented. Given its importance, generic nature and flexible structure, the RESCCUE RAF App can be extended to other cities and, in the future, to other urban services or hazards, taking advantage of the INCD e-infrastructure. This complete and in-depth assessment of city resilience to CC challenges at Portuguese, Iberian and European scale is fundamental to plan CC adaptation and strategies implementation, preventing both human and material losses as well as environmental damages.
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
1 p..
Author(s): Lopes, P.; Oliveira, A.; Pereira, C.; Brito, R.; Cardoso, M. A.; Martins, R.; David, M.; Gomes, J.; Pina, J.
Editor: IBERGRID
Keywords: Resilience assessment; RESCCUE RAF; Climate change
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Sensitivity analysis of simplifications in street cross-sections and uncertainties in roughness and slopes in designing for exceedance events
Designing for exceedance events has been a remediation and adaptation strategy to mitigate effects of flooding that is also being applied for new developments in an increasingly number of cities. 1D/1D modelling or simpler approaches are often applied in the design of flood flow pathways and detention areas. In this study, simple equations are obtained from the concept of the equivalent section for the estimation of street flood heights and velocities based on the results obtained for rectangular sections. Equations are discussed within a sensitivity analysis of the width and shape of street cross-section and of the roughness uncertainty in both the streets surfaces and the sewers. Results highlight that compliance with safety thresholds for the product of flood heights and velocities can be particularly sensitive to details and uncertainties on steep streets. The use of rectangular or simplified street cross-sections can significantly influence flood velocity calculations. The same applies to the uncertainty in street surface roughness and slope. Uncertainty in sewer conveyance capacity can significantly impact flood flows, heights and velocities, especially if this capacity is reduced.
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
10 pp..
Author(s): David, L. M.; Carvalho, R.
Editor: IAHR
Keywords: Uncertainty; Flood management; Dual drainage modelling; Designing for exceedance events
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Sistemas de aproveitamento de águas pluviais em edifícios: normalização europeia
Associado ao crescimento populacional, as alterações climáticas e a progressiva urbanização da sociedade têm aumentado a pressão sobre os recursos hídricos. Sendo a água um fator essencial para o desenvolvimento sustentável, é necessário promover a eficiência hídrica em todos os sectores da sociedade. A par de mudanças comportamentais no uso da água e da utilização de dispositivos mais eficientes, a reutilização da água em usos urbanos que não requeiram potabilidade permite reduzir o consumo de água de abastecimento público. O aproveitamento de água pluvial é uma medida de conservação de água que tem vindo a ser progressivamente valorizada. A presente comunicação tem por objetivo divulgar a norma europeia EN 16941-1:2018
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
15 pp..
Author(s): Caetano, M.F.; Silva, H.T.; Ribeiro, R.
Editor: APDA
Keywords: Uso eficiente de água; Normalização; EN16941-1; Edifícios; Águas pluviais
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Books
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Quality Assessment Guide for Water and Waste Services Provided to Users: 4th Generation Assessment System
The Technical Guide presents the 4th generation of the service quality assessment system, which abandons some 3rd generation indicators and adds new ones to respond to the latest challenges to supply services, urban waste water management and urban waste management. Changes are also made to definitions and benchmarks for some indicators are adjusted.
Year: 2023
Number Pages:
345p..
Author(s): Cardoso, M. A.; Rosa, M. J.; Brito, R.; Silva, C.; Beceiro, P.; Jorge, C.; Alegre, H.; Martinho, G.; Pina, J.; Silveira, A.; Alves, A.V.; Brito Ana, J.; Ramos, M.; Carrega, M.
Editor: ERSAR/NOVA
Keywords: Benchmarking; Performance indicators; Waste services; Water services; Quality assessment
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Avaliação da eficiência energética nos serviçoes urbanos de águas. Guia para diagnóstico, priorização de alternativas, nonitorização e revisão do plano de ação
O projeto Avaler+
Year: 2021
Number Pages:
55 pp..
Author(s): Loureiro, D.; Silva, C.; Cardoso, M. A.; Alegre, H.; Cabral , M.; Covas, D.; Rosa, M. J.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Serviços urbanos de águas; Plano de ação; Eficiência energética; Diagnóstico; Avaliação de desempenho
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Technical Guidelines PAC/MF
These technical guidelines provides guidance on the use of the hybrid process of powdered activate carbon adsorption and ceramic microfiltration for sustainable drinking water production. They were developed based on the field demonstration of the technology, in Portugal, with a pilot prototype, within the LIFE Hymenb project LIFE12 ENV/PT/001154 "Tailoring hybrid membrane processes for sustainable drinking water production", conducted by LNEC - the National Civil Engineering Laboratory and Águas do Algarve, S.A.
Year: 2017
Number Pages:
29 p.
Author(s): Campinas, M.; Viegas, R.M. C.; Silva, C.; Rosa, M. J.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Technical guidelines; LIFE Hymemb; Emerging contaminants; Drinking water treatment; Ceramic microfiltration; Activated carbon adsorption
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Guia de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de águas e resíduos prestados aos utilizadores - 2ª Geração do sistema de avaliação
O objetivo do presente Guia é a apresentação e a especificação dosistema correspondente à 2.ª geração de avaliação da qualidade dosserviços de abastecimento de água, de saneamento de águas residuaisurbanas e de gestão de resíduos urbanos prestados pelas entidadesgestoras sujeitas a regulação.Este sistema constitui uma peça fundamental do modelo de regulaçãoem implementação pela ERSAR, sumariamente descrito neste Guia emais detalhadamente descrito em [1], nomeadamente no que respeitaà componente da regulação da qualidade do serviço, de forma a tornarpossível a avaliação quantificada.Note-se que, de acordo com o disposto na alínea e) do n.º 1 do artigo 5.ºdo Decreto-Lei n.º 277/2009, de 2 de outubro, a ERSAR tem atribuiçõesnão apenas para assegurar a regulação da qualidade de serviço prestadoaos utilizadores pelas entidades gestoras, mas também para avaliaro desempenho dessas entidades, promovendo a melhoria dos níveis deserviço. É no quadro destas atribuições que se pretende promover estesistema de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de águas e resíduos.A 2.ª geração do sistema de avaliação da qualidade do serviço resultouda análise crítica do sistema de indicadores adotado na 1.ª geração e darespetiva aplicação desde 2004 ao universo das entidades concessionáriase teve em conta o estado atual de conhecimentos e a experiênciainternacional entretanto adquirida.Para além da identificação e da especificação de todos os componentesdo sistema de avaliação, e em particular do conjunto de indicadores dequalidade do serviço a utilizar em cada um dos três tipos de serviços,são também definidos os procedimentos de avaliação, através dadefinição da informação a obter, do cálculo de indicadores, da sua interpretaçãoe análise comparativa, numa perspetiva de benchmarking, eda produção do relatório de síntese.
Year: 2012
Number Pages:
256p.
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Editor: ERSAR/LNEC
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Adaptação e Sustentabilidade de Serviços de Abastecimento de Água e de Águas Residuais - RESUMOS
N/A
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
425p.
Author(s): entidade LNEC
Editor: APESB
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Gestão patrimonial de infra-estruturas de abastecimento de água - Uma abordagem centrada na reabilitação
O texto está organizado em três partes e um conjunto de anexos (Figura 1.1). A primeira parte é de enquadramento geral, na segunda apresenta
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
510p.
Author(s): Covas, D.; Alegre, H.
Editor: ERSAR / LNEC / IST
Keywords: Sistema de abastecimento de água; Rede de distribuição; Legislação; Guia; Eta; Captação de água; Água; Adutora
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Gestão patrimonial de infra-estruturas de águas residuais e pluviais - Uma abordagem centrada na reabilitação
A gestão patrimonial de infra
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
362p.
Author(s): Almeida, M. C.; Cardoso, M. A.
Editor: ERSAR / LNEC
Keywords: Sistema de drenagem de águas residuais; Saneamento; Guia; Etar; Emissário
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Guia de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de águas e resíduos prestados aos utilizadores. 2ª Geração do sistema de avaliação
O objectivo do presente Guia é a apresentação e a especificação do sistema correspondente à 2.ª geração de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de abastecimento de água, de saneamento de águas residuais urbanas e de gestão de resíduos urbanos prestados pelas entidades gestoras sujeitas a regulação. Este sistema constitui uma peça fundamental do modelo de regulação em implementação pela ERSAR, sumariamente descrito neste Guia e mais detalhadamente descrito em [1], nomeadamente no que respeita à componente da regulação da qualidade do serviço, de forma a tornar possível a avaliação quantificada. Note-se que, de acordo com o disposto nas alíneas e) do artigo 5.º do Decreto-Lei n.º 277/2009, de 2 de Outubro, a ERSAR tem atribuições não apenas para assegurar a regulação da qualidade de serviço prestado aos utilizadores pelas entidades gestoras bem como para avaliar o desempenho dessas entidades, promovendo a melhoria dos níveis de serviço. É no quadro destas atribuições que se pretende promover este sistema de avaliação da qualidade dos serviços de águas e resíduos. A 2.ª geração do sistema de avaliação da qualidade do serviço resultou da análise crítica do sistema de indicadores adoptado na 1.ª geração e da respectiva aplicação desde 2004 ao universo das entidades concessionárias e teve em conta o estado actual de conhecimentos e a experiência internacional entretanto adquirida. Para além da identificação e da especificação de todos os componentes do sistema de avaliação, e em particular do conjunto de indicadores de qualidade do serviço a utilizar em cada um dos três tipos de serviços, são também definidos os procedimentos de avaliação, através da definição da informação a obter, do cálculo de indicadores, da sua interpretação e análise comparativa, numa perspectiva de benchmarking, e da produção do relatório de síntese.
Year: 2010
Author(s): entidade LNEC
: ERSAR / LNEC
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Strategic Asset Management of Water and Wastewater Infrastructures
Invited papers from the IWA Leading Edge Conference on Strategic Asset Management (LESAM), Lisbon, October 2007
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
536p.
Author(s): Alegre, H.; Almeida, M. C.
Editor: IWA Publishing
Keywords: Infrastructures; Wastewater; Water supply; Asset management
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Modelação e análise de sistemas de abastecimento de água
A simulação matemática dos sistemas de abastecimento de água é hoje em dia uma ferramenta indispensável aos serviços de água, para apoio a uma gestão técnica racional. O campo de aplicação é variado, sendo um auxiliar das actividades de planeamento, de projecto, de operação e demanutenção. Destacam-se o apoio ao dimensionamento de novas redes, aos programas de reabilitação, ao licenciamento de novas ligações, ao controlo de perdas de água, ao controlo da qualidade da água nas redes ou à gestão optimizada de energia.Em Portugal, o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de modelos matemáticos de sistemas de distribuição de água iniciou-se na década de 80, com o modelo da rede de Almada, elaborado em 1981 pelo LNEC. Depois dealguns anos em que a actividade realizada se centrou essencialmente no ambiente científico e académico, as empresas de consultoria começaram a ganhar espaço de mercado na prestação deste tipo de serviços para as entidades gestoras. Numa fase inicial os requisitos computacionais eramconsideráveis
Year: 2006
Number Pages:
335.
Author(s): Coelho, S. T.; Loureiro, D.; Alegre, H.
Editor: IRAR / LNEC
Volume:
Série Guias Técnicos nº 4.
Keywords: Água
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Capítulo de Livro
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Controlling organic micropollutants in urban (waste) water treatment by activated carbon adsorption and membrane technology.
The number of climate-related disasters has progressively increased in the last two decades and this trend will drastically exacerbate in the medium- and long-term horizons according to climate change projections. In this framework, through a multi-disciplinary team and a strong background acquired in recent projects, ICARIA aims to promote the use of asset-level modeling to achieve a better understanding of climate related tangible direct and indirect impacts on critical assets due to complex, cascading, and compound disasters. Furthermore, it takes into account the related risk reduction provided by suitable, sustainable, and cost-effective adaptation solutions. ICARIA focuses on both (i) critical assets and services that were not designed for potential climate change-related impacts that can increase the unplanned outages and failures, and (ii) on housing, natural areas, and population. Cutting edge methods regarding climate scenario building, asset-level-coupled models, and multi-risk assessment approaches will be implemented and replicated in three EU regions to understand how future climate scenarios might affect critical assets and to provide decision-making support tools to private and public risk owners to assess the costs and benefits of various adaptation solutions.
Year: 2023
Number Pages:
141-180pp,.
Author(s): Rosa, M. J.; Campinas, M.; Silva, C.; Mesquita, E.; Viegas, R.M. C.
Editor: IWA
Keywords: Compound events; Asset modeling; Cascading effects; Climate resilience; Critical assets
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Activated carbons in full-scale advanced wastewater treatment
Activated carbons are versatile adsorbents that can play a crucial role in the enhancement of wastewater treatment, namely by controlling organic microcontaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and organic matter. These materials have a 100-year market availability, large scientific testing at lab-scale and applicability in consolidated technologies. However, the use of activated carbons at full-scale wastewater treatment is still emerging, driven by the increasing awareness on environmental and human threats mainly resulting from CECs. The present chapter reviews the literature on the application of activated carbons in full- or large pilot-scale plants, highlighting the state-of-art knowledge on practical issues on operational set-ups, improvements on water overall quality, and costs. The selection criteria and properties of the powdered and granular (PAC and GAC) materials used, and the pros and critical aspects of their application, relevant for product development and process optimisation, are also analysed and determine the research needs proposed for a technical, economic, and environmentally sustainable application of activated carbon in full-scale advanced wastewater treatment.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
44 pp..
Author(s): Mestre, A.S.; Campinas, M.; Viegas, R.M. C.; Mesquita, E.; Carvalho, A.; Rosa, M. J.
: Advanced Materials for Sustainable Environmental Remediation: Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments
Keywords: Cost analysis; Contaminants of emerging concern; Wastewater treatment; GAC; PAC
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Assessing urban resilience to cope with climate change (Cap. 7)
Urban areas are dynamic, complex, and vulnerable systems involving multiple strategic services such as water supply, wastewater, and stormwater and waste management. Climate-change trends may directly affect the urban water cycle, through heavy rainfall, tides, and droughts, potentially causing cascading impacts with serious consequences for people, the natural and built environments, and the economy. These challenges to urban areas require an integrated and sustainable approach to increase their resilience, with the allocation of the needed resources, including the development and implementation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies, plans, and regulations in all relevant sectors. This chapter describes a resilience-assessment framework to be used by cities and urban-service managers. It considers a structured and objective-driven assessment aiming at supporting the development and monitoring of cities' and urban services' resilience action plans, thus contributing to appropriate DRR investments. Our approach considers four resilience dimensions: organizational, spatial, functional, and physical. It is aligned with the UNDRR's Disaster Resilience Scorecard for Cities and addresses the priorities of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. In this chapter, we apply the resilience-assessment framework to the waste and mobility sectors in Lisbon (Portugal), identifying main opportunities to enhance their resilience and supporting the development of resilience and DRR strategies.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
163-188pp..
Author(s): Cardoso, M. A.; Almeida, M. C.; Telhado, M.; Morais, M.; Brito, R.
: Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience. Design, methods and knowledge in face of climate change
Editor: Elsevier
Keywords: Urban-resilience assessment; Multisectoral approach; Lisbon; Disaster risk reduction; Climate change; Adaptation strategies and measures
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Capítulo 11.4 - A avaliação da condição física de ativos verticais de sistemas urbanos de águas para apoio às operações de manutenção
Atualmente os sistemas urbanos de água são reconhecidos como infraestruturas indispensáveis de suporte para a prestação de serviços públicos de primeira necessidade à saúde e bem-estar das populações e à economia das sociedades
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
15 pp..
Author(s): Cabral, M.; Loureiro, D.; Flores-Colen, I.; Covas, D.
: Manual sobre Manutenção em edificações: estudos, técnicas e aplicações
Editor: Editora Universitária de Direito
Keywords: Manutenção; Sistemas urbanos de águas; Reabilitação; Avaliação da condição; Ativos verticais
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Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience. Design, methods and Knowledge in the face of climate change.
Urban areas are dynamic, complex, and vulnerable systems involving multiple strategic urban services, stakeholders, and citizens. Strategic services essential to society include water and sewerage (water supply, and wastewater and stormwater management), waste management, energy supply, public lighting, transport, and public security. The potential effects of climate dynamics on the urban areas might lead to the aggravation of existing fragile conditions and the emergence of new hazards or risk factors, with major impacts on strategic urban services, people, the natural and built environment, and the economy. Climate change challenges to urban areas thus require an integrated and sustainable approach to increase their resilience, with the allocation of the needed resources at all administrative levels. These include the development and implementation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategies, policies, plans, laws, and regulations in all relevant sectors (UNISDR, 2015). This chapter describes a resilience assessment framework to be used by cities and urban-service managers. The framework considers a structured and objective-driven assessment aiming at supporting the development and monitoring of cities
Year: 2022
Author(s): Cardoso, M. A.; Brito, R.; Almeida, M. C.; Telhado, M.; Morais, M.
: Investing in Disaster Risk Reduction for Resilience. Design, methods and Knowledge in the face of climate change.
Editor: Elsevier
Keywords: Lisbon; Urban resilience assessment; Multisector approach; Disaster risk reduction; Climate change; Adaptation strategies and measures
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Management of Urban Drainage Infrastructure
This chapter briefly presents concepts and methodologies to support the management of urban drainage infrastructure. After the introduction, data requirements for assessing the condition of urban drainage systems are presented. Data can be collected in different ways. Data analysis allows for determining structural and functional issues and system performance. The causes and consequences of failures are required for condition assessment and are the subject of the risk section. Any intervention in the urban drainage system has a cost that must be assessed. Mathematical modelling of the urban drainage systems has an advantage for evaluating the hydraulic and structural performance. Decisions on the management of urban drainage rehabilitation need to be addressed considering the different points of view or aspects that are often contradictory. This may be addressed by using multi-criteria decision analysis methodologies.
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
7p..
Author(s): Carriço, N.; Almeida, M. C.; Leitão, J. P.
: Routledge Handbook of urban water governance
Editor: Routledge
Keywords: Multi-criteria decision; Mathematical modelling; Urban drainage infrastructure
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Quality of measurement in urban water services: a metrological perspective
Urban water services make use of extensive networked infrastructures - water supply and drainage systems. Efficient management of these services relies on the quality of measurements of hydraulic variables in pipes and sewers to support robust analysis of systems
Year: 2022
Number Pages:
351 - 375.
Author(s): Almeida, M. C.; Ribeiro, A.; Brito, R.
: Advances on Testing and Experimentation in Civil Engineering
Editor: Springer Nature
Volume:
capitulo 15.
Keywords: Urban water systems; Uncertainty; Quality; Measurement; Accuracy
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Quality of measurement in urban water services: A metrological perspective
Urban water services make use of extensive networked infrastructures
Year: 2022
Author(s): Almeida, M. C.; Ribeiro, A.; Brito, R.
: Advances on Testing and Experimentation in Civil Engineering
Editor: Springer Nature
Volume:
Cap. 15.
Keywords: Urban water systems; Uncertainty; Quality; ·Measurement
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Risk Analysis of Water Harvesting Systems
Rainwater harvesting systems (RWHS) can result in important benefits, but there are a number of potential negative risks. The risks associated with RWHS depend on several factors and duly consideration is required to ensure that risks associated with this type of solutions are low. Therefore, a generic and systematic approach to manage risk is required. This chapter introduces a brief overview of concepts and terminology adopted. Subsequently, an overview of common approaches to risk management is presented. The chapter focuses on specific aspects for the application of these approaches to RWHS, with emphasis on risk identification, specific risk treatment action, and monitoring. Different approaches on how to determine risks such as water safety plan (WSP), risk management process (RMP), and hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP) can be used, but all of them have some common steps.
Year: 2021
Number Pages:
pp.179-192.
Author(s): Almeida, M. C.; Santos, J.; Santos, J.; Eslamian, S.
: Handbook of Water Harvesting and Conservation
Editor: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Volume:
Capitulo 12.
Keywords: Water safety plan; Risk management process; Risk analysis; Rainwater harvesting systems; Critical control point; Hazard analysis
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Removal of Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins by Conventional Physical-chemical Treatment
Conventional treatment processes for the removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins are thoroughly described in this chapter, including chemical treatment (heavy metals, herbicides, and photosensitizers), coagulation/flocculation combined with air flotation, and various adsorption processes.
Year: 2020
Number Pages:
pp. 69-98.
Author(s): Ribau, M. T.; Rosa, M. J.; Sorlini, S.; Biasibetti , M.; Christophoridis, C.; Edwards, C.
: Water Treatment for Purification from Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins
Volume:
Chap. 3.
Keywords: Filtration; Activated carbon; Air flotation; Flocculation; Coagulation; Algicide; Chemical treatment; Adsorption
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Tese de Doutoramento
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Gestão patrimonial de infra-estruturas de abastecimento de água e de drenagem e tratamento de águas residuais
Esta publicação corresponde ao Programa de Investigação e ao Programa de Pós-Graduaçãoelaborados pela autora nos termos estabelecidos no artigo 30.º do Decreto-lei n.º 124/99, de20 de Abril, com vista à prestação de provas de habilitação para o exercício de funções decoordenação de investigação científica, realizadas em 31 de Janeiro e 1 de Fevereiro de 2008.Com o Programa de Investigação pretende-se contribuir para o estabelecimento de umaestratégia de desenvolvimento técnico e científico no âmbito da gestão patrimonial deinfra-estruturas de abastecimento de água e de drenagem de águas residuais. Trata-se de umprograma dirigido de forma privilegiada para as necessidades nacionais, mas que atende aocontexto internacional, tendo em vista o papel que o País pode desempenhar nodesenvolvimento do conhecimento nesta matéria, em sentido lato. Propõe-se uma estratégiaassente no estabelecimento de parcerias interdepartamentais e interinstitucionais, ancorada noNúcleo de Engenharia Sanitária do Departamento de Hidráulica e Ambiente do LNEC.Neste documento começa-se por fazer uma apresentação geral do programa, especificando osobjectivos e expondo as razões para a escolha do tema. Propõe-se a seguir uma visita guiadasobre o tema, que permite a um leitor menos familiarizado obter uma panorâmica geral.A sequência de capítulos seguinte é dedicada à apresentação e discussão do estado actual deconhecimentos. Inicia-se pelas abordagens integradas para apoio à GPI, seguindo-se depoispara as principais vertentes de análise na GPI: desempenho, custo e risco.Faz-se seguidamente uma análise de lacunas e prioridades de investigação. Termina-se com aapresentação de um programa de estudos, estruturados em quatro linhas de investigação:Linha 1: GPI
Year: 2009
Author(s): Alegre, H.
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Pollutant Transformation Processes in Sewers under Aerobic Dry Weather Flow Conditions
N/A
Year: 2000
Author(s): Almeida, M. C.
Editor: ******
Quebramares não-convencionais
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Relatório Científico
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2.4 Lisbon. In Second intermediate synthesized report of technology progress and state of play across all the LLs.
This internal report of Work Package 2
Year: 2023
Author(s): Rosa, M. J.; Figueiredo, D.; Lourinho, R,; Mendes, R.; Ribeiro, R.; Oliveira, M. M.; Viegas, R.M. C.; Cardoso, P.; Teixeira, P.
Keywords: Water management; Water reuse; KW - technological solutions
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Dedicated project page on the beneficiaries
This document presents the links to and the contents of the
Year: 2023
Author(s): Silva, C.; Jorge, C.; Rosa, M. J.
Keywords: Contact; Results; Pages; Structure
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Drivers and barriers: proposal a new governance model
This report offers an overview of key present challenges for water governance across the 6 Living Labs of B-WaterSmart: Alicante (Spain), Bodø (Norway), East Frisia (Germany), Flanders (Belgium), Lisbon (Portugal) and Venice (Italy), according to the 12 OECD Principles for Water Governance (2015). It includes a set of recommendations for the LLs of the project and beyond, with a view to a more adaptive, fair and resilient water governance, along the lines of the circular economy and a fuller integration into the nexus of water, energy and waste
Year: 2023
Author(s): Schmidt, L.; Gomes, C.; Martin, J.; Quina, A.; Santos, E.; Casals, I.; Damman, S.; Lund, H.; Glotzbach, R.; van Dam, A.; Paepe, S.; Boeckaert, C.; Ribeiro, R.; Rosa, M. J.; Schwesig, D.; Hein, A.; Obe
Keywords: Circular economy; KW - water governance
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Engineered and reusable nanoporous carbons for advanced water treatment.
This document reports the activity developed in the second year of the EMPOWER+ project including the progress and results of the Task 1 & 2 - PACs, GACs and magnetic PAC synthesis and characterization, Task 3 - Batch adsorption studies with the produced PACs and GACs, Task 4 - Rapid small colunm tests and Task 7 - GAC regeneration assays.
Year: 2023
Author(s): Mestre, A.S.; Mesquita, E.; Duque, L.P.; Rosa, M. J.; Viegas, R.M. C.; Betz, W.; Carvalho, A. P.
Keywords: Pharmaceutical compounds; Column and hybrid adsorption processes; Drinking water treatment; Novel activated carbons; Activated carbon adsorption
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Final version of the water-smartness assessment framework
The B-WaterSmart project, and specifically through WP6, aims at providing an assessment framework to support multi-stakeholder and strategic decision-making towards the transition to a water-smart society that recognizes multiple values and facilitates the active participation of a varied set of actors.
Year: 2023
Author(s): Silva, C.; Cardoso, M. A.; Rosa, M. J.; Alegre, H.; Ugarelli, R.; Bosco, C.; Raspati, G.; Azrague, K.; Bruaset, S.; Damman, S.; Koop , S.; Munaretto, S.; Melo, M.; Gomes, C.; Rosell, L. F.; Schmuck, A
Keywords: International Water Association; European Commission; Biological Oxygen Demand; Assessment Criteria; B_watersmart
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Management Plan with green management principles
This document is the Management Plan for the LIFE Fitting project. Its purpose is to establish the project management composition, responsibilities, and processes to be followed throughout the project duration regarding project management. This project management plan is a deliverable of task 1.1 and is expected to be updated whenever a change in project requirements occurs or a risk or unexpected deviation from the planned course of action is encountered.
Year: 2023
Author(s): Campinas, M.; Silva, C.; Rosa, M. J.
Keywords: Reporting; Monitoring; Work plan; Roles; Management
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MS22: Final version of strategic agendas agreed by CoPs
Milestone (MS) 22 contains the Living Lab (LL) strategic agendas (SA) as agreed with stakeholders in the Communities of Practice (CoPs). MS22 builds upon MS6 and MS12 and illustrates the changes to the SAs that occurred as result of the discussion with stakeholders. An overview of discussions held during the CoP meetings concerning the SAs is provided. The next steps with the SAs are also discussed.
Year: 2023
Author(s): Glotzbach, R.; Munaretto, S.; Mateo, M.R.; Casals, I.; Collette, R.A.; Lyngstad, S.U.; Elveos, M.; Muthanna, T.M.; Oberdörffer, J.; Krömer, K.; Tieman, Y.; Hesse, K; Wencki, K.; Paepe, S.; Freitas, C.
Keywords: Communities of practice; Performance assessment; Strategic objectives; Strategic agendas
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Quarterly specification exchange T2.4 to T3.5 completed
In this document, the Lisbon Living Lab presents the sequence of quarterly exchanges of specification between Task (T) 2.4 and T3.5 that occurred from March 2021 (M7) until February 2023 (M30). The output of subtasks 2.4.2, 2.4.3 and 2.4.4 fed the development of the software tools in T3.5 and its outputs. A short and concrete description of the exchange of specification is provided.
Year: 2023
Author(s): Ribeiro, R.; Mendes, R.; Cardoso, P.; Rosa, M. J.
Keywords: Living Lab; Water-smart solutions; B_watersmart
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The monitoring, negotiation and decision support solutions toolkit
This report documents the final release of the water cycle modelling and assessment solutions toolkit, which is comprised of the following ten tools: the water reuse strategic platform (#16), the environment for decision support and alternative course selection (#17), Re-Actor (#18), the sludge management platform (#19), the UWC observatory (#20), the stormwater reuse management system (#21), the Nessie System (#29), the Environmental Dashboard (#30), the Digital Enabler (#32) and the climate-readiness certification tool (#33) . It includes the following aspects: tool description, attributes and information around pre-existing background, developments and advancements within the project, navigation and primary functionalities, interoperability, indicative applications and synergistic benefits and how to access each tool and test data. It presents the use of the tools in the LLs by explaining the tools' integrative use, conceptual links, data flows and pilot interactions.
Year: 2023
Author(s): Santos, E.; Sarrias, M.; Casals, I.; Kossieris, P.; Pantazis, C.; Spartalis, I.; Kristiansen, V.; Lyngstad, S.U.; Collette, R.A.; Gratl, F.; Muthanna, T. M.; Bosco, C.; Ugarelli, R.; Vennesland, A; Ma
Keywords: Urban water cycle; KW - digital solutions
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The water cycle modelling and assessment solutions toolkit
This report documents the final release of the water cycle modelling and assessment solutions toolkit, which is comprised of the following eight tools: UWOT #22, regional demand-supply matching GIS tool #23, reclaimed water distribution network water quality model #24, water-energy-phosphorous balance planning module #25, QMRA+ #26, risk assessment for urban water reuse module #27, short-term demand forecasting tool #28 and SuTRa #31 and complements the other toolkit. It includes the following aspects: tool description, attributes and information around pre-existing background, developments and advancements within the project, navigation and primary functionalities, interoperability, indicative applications and synergistic benefits and how to access each tool and test data. It presents the use of the tools in the LLs by explaining the tools' integrative use, conceptual links, data flows and pilot interactions.
Year: 2023
Author(s): Lykou, A.; Storelli, D.; Makropoulos, C; Manouri, S.; Pronk, G.; Bousiotas, D.; Stofberg, S.; Van Huijgevoort, M.H.J.; Smeets, P.; van der Schans, M.; Kroll, S.; Raes, S.; Joris, I.; Van Bauwel, F.; G
Keywords: Urban water cycle; KW - digital solutions
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Outro
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Curso de Formação sobre Simulação de Sistemas Públicos de Abastecimento de Água
N/A
Year: 2002
Author(s): Coelho, S. T.; Loureiro, D.; Vieira, P.; Menaia, J.; Baptista, J. M.; Alegre, H.
Editor: ******
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Epanet 2.0 em português - Manual do Utilizador
N/A
Year: 2002
Number Pages:
241 pp.
Author(s): Rossman, L.
Editor: ******
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O abastecimento de água a Lisboa
N/A
Year: 2001
Number Pages:
1/3 pp.
Author(s): Alegre, H.
Editor: ******
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Summary report of the 1st Workshop of the IWA field-test of performance indicators
N/A
Year: 2001
Number Pages:
13 pp.
Author(s): Alegre, H.; Melo Baptista, J.; Cubillo, F.; Cabrera, E.
Editor: ******
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