Papers
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A ESTIMATIVA DE FREQUÊNCIAS ESPERADAS DE ACIDENTES NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE ZONAS DE ACUMULAÇÃO DE ACIDENTES
Neste artigo são apresentadas ferramentas destinadas ao planeamento e gestão das redes viárias que consideram explicitamente a segurança dos utentes vulneráveis. Essas ferramentas referem-se à criação de uma base de dados georreferenciada dos acidentes rodoviários ocorridos em Lisboa entre 2004 e 2007, que permitiu a definição de mapas digitais, com possibilidade de uma grande diversidade de consultas; ao desenvolvimento de modelos de estimativa de frequência de acidentes para redes urbanas, em função de características do elemento rodoviário, que incorporam dados de exposição de utentes vulneráveis de forma a melhorar a capacidade de estimativa da sinistralidade em redes urbanas e á sua aplicação na identificação de zonas de acumulação de acidentes.
Year: 2015
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.
: Revista Portuguesa de Sinalização
Editor: AFESP
Volume:
Número 6.
Keywords: Segmentos urbanos; Intersecções urbanas; Acidentes rodoviários; Modelação linear generalizada; Modelos de edtimativa de frequência de acidentes; SIG
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Dealing with uncertainty in detailed calibration of traffic simulation models for safety assessment
With the increasing level of detail of traffic simulation models, the need for a consistent understanding of simulators
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
395-412.
Author(s): Lima Azevedo, C.; Ciuffo, B.; Cardoso, J. L.; Ben-Akiva, M.
: Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
58.
Keywords: Calibration; Uncertainty management; Traffic simulation; Road Safety
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Detecting unforgiving roadside contributors through the severity analysis of ran-off-road crashes
The objective of this paper is to study the contributors influencing ran-off-road (ROR) crash severities in a setting that has not been analysed in the literature, namely on freeways not designed according to the
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
262-273pp..
Author(s): Roque, C. A.; Moura, F.; Cardoso, J. L.
: Accident Analysis and Prevention
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
80.
Keywords: Portuguese freeways; Forgiving roadside; Mixed logit; Multinomial logit; Ran-off-road crash; Crash severity models
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Driving societal changes towards an electromobility future.
This article is part of the topical collection on "Driving societal changes towards an electro-mobility future".
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
7-37pp..
Author(s): Coppola, P.; Arsénio, E.
: European Transport Research Review
Editor: Springer
Keywords: Transport costs; European transport policy; Transport planning; Greenhouse gas emissions; Plug-in hybrid vehicles; Battery electric vehicles; Societal changes; Electromobility
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SAFESIDE: A computer-aided procedure for integrating benefits and costs in roadside safety intervention decision making
Collisions with dangerous roadside obstacles and rollovers are responsible for many injuries and deaths in highways worldwide. International crash data indicate that roadside characteristics contribute to more than half of all run-off-road injury crashes (RORIC) involving serious injury or death. Furthermore, roadside geometric characteristics are believed to be the leading cause of rollover in single-vehicle RORIC. Differences in each country
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
195-205 pp.
Author(s): Roque, C. A.; Cardoso, J. L.
: Safety Science
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
Volume 74.
Keywords: Crash modification factors; Crash prediction models; Software; Cost
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Setting a city strategy for low carbon emissions: the role of electric vehicles, renewable energy and energy efficiency.
One of the European policy objectives, as envisaged by the EC Transport White Paper, is to reduce Europe's dependence on imported oil and to cut greenhouse gas emission (GHG) from transport by 20% by 2030 and by 70% until 2050 (with respect to 2008 levels). For achieving this goal, the role of integrated energy and urban mobility systems are explored as part of a city
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
190-202 pp..
Author(s): Prata, J.; Arsénio, E.; Pontes, J.
: International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning
Editor: WIT Press
Volume:
volume 2, number 2.
Keywords: Battery electric vehicles; Electric bicycles; Traffic calming measures; Climate change costs; CO2 emissions; European transport policy and planning; Energy efficiency; Renewable energy
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Automatic vehicle trajectory extraction by aerial remote sensing
Research in road users
Year: 2014
Number Pages:
849-858.
Author(s): Lima Azevedo, C.; Cardoso, J. L.; Ben-Akiva, M.; Costeira, J.; Marques, M.
: Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
111.
Keywords: remote sensing; Driving behaviour; Vehicle trajectories extraction
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Equity in Public Transport: An intractable policy problem or a set of methodological challenges?
Equity inclusion in transport policy and planning remains a complex and, often, it is considered an intractable problem. Indeed, addressing equity in transport decision making will require a multi-dimensional perspective in a dynamic socio-technical and political environments, where territorial and time variables play a role.Although all transport actions (programs, plans and projects) have equity impacts, the ex ante equity assessment of transport investments is rarely done in practice. As such, the distribution of transport impacts (benefits and costs) is often perceived as unfair across the population/territory (vertical and spatial equity issues), specially when transport investments exclude several groups (non-drivers, people with disabilities, lower-income, non-motorized users such as cyclists and pedestrians, etc.). On the other hand, policy makers claim for horizontal equity in public policies and, therefore, road transport users shall pay for the costs of infrastructures
Year: 2014
Number Pages:
16.
Author(s): Arsénio, E.
Editor: Universidade de Cantabria
Keywords: Cost action tu1209; Transport planning; Transport economics and policies; Equity analysis; Accessibility; Public transport
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Investigating the relationship between run-off-the-road crash frequency and traffic flow through different functional forms
Crash prediction models play a major role in highway safety analysis. These models can be used for various purposes, such as predicting the number of road crashes or establishing relationships between these crashes and different covariates. However, the appropriate choice for the functional form of these models is generally not discussed in research literature on road safety. In case of run-off-the-road crashes, empirical evidence and logical considerations lead to conclusion that the relationship between expected frequency and traffic flow is not monotonously increasing.
Year: 2014
Number Pages:
121
Author(s): Roque, C. A.; Cardoso, J. L.
: Accident Analysis & Prevention
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
Volume 63.
Keywords: Confidence intervals; Functional form; Run-off-the-road crash; Crash prediction models
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Setting a City Strategy for Low Carbon Emissions: the role of electric vehicles, renewable energy and energy efficiency
One of the European policy objectives, as envisaged by the EC Transport White Paper, is to reduce Europe's dependence on imported oil and to cut greenhouse gas emission (GHG) from transport by 20% by 2030 and by 70% until 2050 (with respect to 2008 levels). For achieving this goal, the role of integrated energy and urban mobility systems are explored as part of a city
Year: 2014
Number Pages:
16.
Author(s): Prata, J.; Arsénio, E.; Pontes, J.
: International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, ISSN: 1743-761X
Editor: WIT Press, UK
Keywords: City of aveiro; Electric bicycles; Traffic calming measures; Climate change costs; Carbon emissions; European transport policy and planning; Renewable energy; Electric vehicles
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Comunicação
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Portuguese mainland road network safety performance indicator
This paper presents the results of the application of the methodology proposed in the SafetyNet project to determine the road network safety performance indicator (SPI) to the entire Portuguese road network. This SPI aims at evaluating if, at the network level, the connections between urban centres within a region are made by the adequate type of roads regarding generic safety criteria. To this end, the connections to be assessed were classified. into one of pre-defined generic five safety levels, based on the population of the connected urban centres. Then, the safety assessment of these connections was carried out according to the characteristics of the cross-section type and associated environment of the existing roads connecting the two urban centres. If the connection is ensured by a road of higher or equal class than the pre-defined class, the link is considered to be the appropriate one. For each connection, the results of its evaluation are expressed as a binary value: 0 when the class is not appropriate; and 1 when it is appropriate. The evaluation results are weighted by the road length and aggregated by connection class and throughout the whole road network. For the year 2012 and the entire national road network, the results show a satisfactory network configuration with an SPI of 94%, corresponding to the percentage of connections with class equal to or higher than the adequate for the type of connection between urban centres they established.
Year: 2016
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Cardoso, J. L.; Lima Azevedo, C.
Editor: WCTR
Keywords: Road network; Spatial analysis; Geographic Information System; Safety Performance Indicator
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Single unprotected road user crashes: Europe we have a problem!
Unprotected Road Users (URU) are a subset of Vulnerable Road Users (VRU) who are not protected in their vehicles: pedestrians, cyclists and powered two-wheelers. EU statistics for 2014 show that their share in road traffic fatalities was 22% for pedestrians, 8% for cyclists and 18% for Powered Two-Wheelers, in total 47% of the fatalities. From explorative studies regarding injured road traffic casualties it is found that about two thirds of the transportation casualties are Unprotected Road Users, of which two thirds are single accidents, i.e. crashes where no other road user is involved. Most of these single crashes are not (yet) detected in the standard police reported accident statistics, but do represent costs to society that probably exceed crash costs of car related crashes. It can be expected that the shares of URU fatal and injury crashes will increase, particularly because of the ageing of the population, urbanization and despite ICT/ITS developments. Some of these crashes can be prevented by relatively simple measures, others need more investments e.g. infrastructure, legislation or enforcement. From a policy point of view it will be wise to address this issue, not only for road safety reasons, but also because the elderly are getting more numerous and a serious economic and political factor.
Year: 2016
Number Pages:
9 p.
Author(s): Methorst, R.; Eenink, R.; Cardoso, J. L.; Machata, K.; Malasek, J.
Editor: Elsevier B.V..
Keywords: Vulnerable road users; Pedestrians; Cycling; Serious injuries; Elderly; Road safety
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Using the sustainable mobility planning tool to accelerate urban sustainability transitions: sharing experiences between Europe and Latin America.
How to make mobility in cities greener (low carbon), more resource-efficient and fair in terms of providing a cost-effective accessibility to all citizens
Year: 2016
Number Pages:
20p.
Author(s): Arsénio, E.; Arioli M.; Amaral, M.; Lah O.; Caccia, L.
Editor: ICLEI - Local Governments for Sustainability
Keywords: Cost-effectiveness; Transport intermodality; Low carbon urban transport; Sustainable urban mobility plans; Stakeholders' engagement; Urban mobility observatory; Car sharing; Bicycle sharing; Electric mobility; Bus rapid transit; City of Bremen; City of Belo Horizonte; Transport planning; Transport innovation
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Equity in transportation and health: what can we learn from each other?
Equity research in health has much to offer to equity exploration in transportation. The objective of this paper is to study whether and how equity issues are addressed in transportation and in health. We wish to create parallels between equity evaluation in these two fields, in order to be able to advance health care insights to the transportation sector, and by that to improve equity evaluation towards a more equitable assessment of transportation projects. The scope of the paper is limited, given the magnitude of published work in this subject. It is intended to offer a comprehensive overview, on selected topics, within heath and transportation assessment.
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
30p.
Author(s): Nahmias
Editor: University of Malta
Keywords: Transport and health; Equity evaluation; Gini index; Transport equity analysis; Transport planning; Transport policy
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Integrating large samples of errant vehicles encroachment angles from Google Street View in a roadside safety assessment framework
The encroachment angle when a vehicle leaves the carriageway is particularly relevant to the outcome of a run-off-road crash.In roadside safety assessment, encroachment angles are used in encroachment-based models, contributing to determine the frequency, severity and societal cost of roadside crashes. Additionally, they may be useful as criteria for clear zone design and in the performance evaluation of standardized crash tests of road restraint systems.Ideally, encroachment angles are representative of real crash departure trajectories. However, few studies are based on recently measured encroachment data. Data collected in the 1960
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
14p.
Author(s): Cardoso, J. L.; Roque, C. A.
Editor: Transportation Research Board
Keywords: Google street view; Skid marks; Run-off-road crash; Encroachment angle
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Modeling crash probability in large traffic simulators
Currently, traffic microscopic simulation is a common tool for road system analysis. However, only recently have attempts been carried out to its application in safety assessment; also, most approaches still ignore causal relationships between different levels of vehicle interactions or/and crash types, lacking a valid representation of the crash phenomena itself. In this paper, a new generic probabilistic safety assessment framework for traffic microscopic simulation tools is proposed, as developed within the context of intelligent urban motorway speed limit management.The probability of a specific crash occurrence is assumed as estimable by a crash propensity function, with a random component and a deterministic safety score component. This component depends on the type of occurrence, detailed vehicle interactions and manoeuvres, and simulation modelling features. The generic model is specified for no-crash events and three types of crash events (rear-end, lane-changing, and run-off-road) in a nested (logit) structure.Artificial trajectories from a detailed calibrated microscopic simulation tool were used in the safety model fitting. Improved trajectory replication was obtained by a novel detailed comprehensive calibration effort: real trajectories were extracted from generic scenarios; the simulation tool was calibrated using the collected trajectories; lastly, the simulation model was re-calibrated using aggregate data from each selected replicated event.The final estimated safety model allowed for the identification and interpretation of several simulated vehicle interactions (only 9% false crash alarms). The fact that these considerations were extracted from simulated runs shows the real potential of traffic microscopic simulation for detailed safety assessments in road design.
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
18p.
Author(s): Cardoso, J. L.; Lima Azevedo, C.; Ben-Akiva, M.
Editor: Transportation Research Board
Keywords: Road safety; Surrogate safety measures; Probabilistic modelling; Traffic microscopic simulation
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Reconsidering social equity in urban transport choices: putting women and the elderly in the mobility agenda.
This paper aims to present the research study conducted in the city of Brindisi in Italy: it is a city of 89,846 inhabitants with a density of 270/km2, where the Public Transport Company of Brindisi (S.T.P. SpA) provides public transportation in the city with 54 buses and 19 lines. Our research focus is on urban transport choices that cover most vulnerable users. Mobility data was collected in 2013 by running a survey on 581 housing units. The idea is to illustrate through real data and empirical results that link mobility needs and behaviour of the population in Brindisi, with a particular focus on some population groups.Through the statistical analysis of data, several insights are provided on needs of specific user groups such as the elderly and women, as gender issues and social equity are key aspects to consider in urban policies. In addition, the potential willingness to pay of users to obtain a general improvement in bus service quality is investigated through discrete choice modelling. The idea behind this study is to overcome the crucial impediment in understanding urban travel patterns and the key forces behind user attitudes which normally characterise city dynamics. Therefore, attitudinal and behavioural variables are considered to evaluate the propensity of using buses and changing habits for modal choices by the elderly and women through a random utility model.
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
24p.
Author(s): Venezia, E; Arsénio, E.
: Proceedings from the 14th International Conference on Mobility and Transport for Elderly and Disabled Persons
Editor: IST Técnico
Keywords: Binary logistic regression; Stated-choice analysis; Mobility survey; Gender issues; Accessibility needs; Public transport; Social equity; Sustainable mobility
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Sustainable urban mobility plans and equity inclusion: what is needed?
The European Commission (EC) introduced the concept of
Year: 2015
Number Pages:
16p.
Author(s): Arsénio, E.; Martens, K.; Ciommo, F.
Editor: University of Malta
Keywords: Transport policy and planning; European transport policy; Equity inclusion; Sustainable urban mobility plans; Transport equity analysis
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The role of urban parks in cities
The concerns on the preservation of the natural environment have focus mainly on large ecosystems protection. These areas are usually distant from the urban environment, where only relatively smaller natural spaces can survive. These small-scale green areas are often disregarded, when compared with the large ones, and many of their benefits are diminished. However, the urban nature provides important social and psychological benefits to human societies, which enrich human life. They provide spaces for social interaction, enhancing the community cohesion, while contributing for a healthier lifestyle. Another advantage is related to the air quality improvement and climate protection due to their ability to store carbon. Although public preferences for environmental attributes may vary among individual citizens according to their socio-economics characteristics and daily activities, these benefits are well recognized by most citizens, having clear consequences on housing choices. Furthermore, green spaces may be used as factors to increase the attractiveness of a city, by making the city green and pleasant. The main concern of this paper is to address the importance of green areas for the urban citizens, andto analyse their distribution in consolidated cities. A case study for the city of Lisbon, Portugal ispresented, where spatial distribution, distance from residential areas and population satisfaction is analysed, amongst other indicators.
Year: 2015
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Florentino, T.
Editor: 22nd European Real Estate Society Annual Conference
Keywords: linear modeling; spatial analysis; citizens satisfaction; urban parks
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Cost-Benefit Analysis of Future Vehicle Technologies: exploring electric vehicle sharing schemes and intermodality in Lisbon.
This paper presents a comparative cost-benefit analysis of future vehicle technologies and electric mobility services until 2030 for the case of Lisbon Metropolitan area (LMA). The roles of electric vehicles (car, scooter and bike sharing) along with intermodal transport (train and underground) are explored as a means to improve the sustainability of the passenger transport sector. The methodology considered a life-cycle assessment of Battery-powered Electric Vehicles (BEVs) and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles - gasoline (ICEVs), taking the perspective of the user, in terms of CO2 and energy consumption. The analysis covered emissions along the entire chain of production and usage of vehicles
Year: 2014
Number Pages:
10.
Author(s): Prata, J.; Arsénio, E.
Editor: European Commission - Joint Research Centre
Keywords: Low carbon technologies; Energy efficiency; Intermodal passenger transport; Bike-sharing; Car-sharing; Electric bicycles; Baterry electric vehicles; Cost-benefit analysis
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Books
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The effect of low cost engineering measures and enforcement on driver behaviour and safety on single carriageway interurban trunk roads. In Advances in Human Aspects of Road and Rail Transportation.
The application of low-cost road and traffic engineering measures (LCEM) is a cost-effective method for reducing accidents and their consequences. Empirical evidence shows that enforcement contributes to improvements on driving behaviour and road safety; however, results from reducing enforcement are seldom presented.In this paper a presentation is made of the impact LCEM and changes in enforcement intensity had on selected driving behaviour variables and safety levels on a 170 km single carriageway trunk road. LCEM were implemented on the road, followed a year later by the commitment of exceptionally intense and severe law enforcement and, after two years, its relaxation. The impacts of these safety interventions were evaluated through observational before-after studies. The expected number of injury accidents was reduced by 41% (less 75% fatalities), when considering the combined effect of LCEM and enforcement; suppression of strict enforcement was related to a 20% increase in the number of fatalities.
Year: 2012
Number Pages:
10.
Author(s): Cardoso, J. L.
Editor: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group
Keywords: Driving behaviour; Low cost measures; Safety effects
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Application of a gap-graded asphalt rubber wearing course in the rehabilitation of the pavement of a stretch of the national road EN1 located in the north of Portugal - Field and laboratory case study
This case study refers to a successful application of an asphalt rubber wearing course in the frame ofthe rehabilitation of the pavement of the National Road EN 1 between Landiosa and Picoto.It concerns asphalt rubber manufactured by the wet process, using gap-graded aggregates. / O presente caso de estudo refere-se à aplicação bem sucedida de misturas com betume modificadocom borracha reciclada de pneus em camada de desgaste, no âmbito das obras de reabilitação dopavimento da estrada nacional EN 1, entre Landiosa e Picoto.Diz respeito, em particular, ao fabrico, por via húmida, de mistura betuminosa com borrachautilizando agregados com granulometria descontínua.
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
20pp.
Author(s): Batista, F. A.; Antunes, M. L.
Editor: LNEC
Volume:
NS 124
Keywords: Laboratory test; In situ test; National road; Rubber; Recycled materials; Road pavement rehabilitation; Asphaltic road pavement; Asphalt; Pt
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Modos Suaves, Manual de Boas Práticas para uma Mobilidade Sustentável
Manual de boas práticas para uma mobilidade sustentável, no âmbito do projecto nacional "Mobilidade Sustentável" coordenado pela Agência portuguesa do Ambiente (Vol. II). O projecto Mobilidade Sustentável envolveu uma rede de 15 centros de investigação/universidades do país, incluindo o LNEC.
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
274p..
Author(s): Arsénio, E.; Viegas, F.
Editor: Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente (APA)
Volume:
Vol. II.
Keywords: Boas práticas; Portugal; Municípios; Planos de mobilidade; Mobilidade sustentável
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Projecto Mobilidade Sustentável. Concepção, Principais Conclusões e Recomendações
Nesta publicação apresentam-se os aspectos relativos à concepção do projecto Mobilidade Sustentável, principais conclusões e recomendações.
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
80p..
Author(s): Arsénio, E.; Viegas, F.
Editor: Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente (APA)
Volume:
Volume I.
Keywords: Planeamento de transportes; Mobilidade sustentável
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Capítulo de Livro
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Modelos de Duração Aplicados à Engenharia de Transportes
O tempo decorrido (ou a distância percorrida) até à ocorrência de um evento, ou a duração do mesmo, podem ser analisados através de modelos de duração baseados em risco (hazard-based duration models), os quais têm sido amplamente utilizados em campos como a medicina, as ciências sociais e a engenharia industrial. Contudo, são relativamente escassos os estudos que aplicaram modelos de duração à engenharia de transportes.Este capítulo inclui dois exemplos de aplicação de modelos de duração à investigação em engenharia de transportes. O primeiro diz respeito às distâncias percorridas por veículos descontrolados em despistes ocorridos na Carolina do Norte (E.U.A.). O segundo refere-se ao tempo decorrido até à transferência modal nas deslocações para a escola de um conjunto de alunos de 162 turmas de 51 escolas do ensino básico em Portugal.
Year: 2021
Number Pages:
109-124.
Author(s): Roque, C. A.
: Modelação Matemática em Engenharia de Transportes. A Experiência do Departamento de Transportes do LNEC
Keywords: Modelo de duração; Engenharia de transportes
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Modelos de estimativa de frequência de acidentes rodoviários
Em Portugal, a investigação sobre o conhecimento dos fatores que afetam a probabilidade de ocorrência de acidentes tem-se centrado essencialmente nas estradas interurbanas. No entanto, as zonas urbanas, onde ocorrem elevadas percentagens de acidentes corporais requerem uma atenção prioritária. Com o presente estudo pretendeu contribuir-se para a melhoria da segurança rodoviária em meio urbano, através da criação de ferramentas que podem ser utilizadas em métodos de intervenção em que a segurança dos utentes vulneráveis seja considerada explicitamente nas fases de planeamento e gestão das redes viárias. Uma das referidas ferramentas resultou da elaboração de modelos de estimativa de frequência de acidentes para redes urbanas, segundo diversas desagregações, em função de características do elemento rodoviário: em intersecções (três ramos, quatro ramos e rotundas) e em segmentos; segundo o tipo de acidente (atropelamentos e restantes acidentes com vítimas); e segundo a inclusão de variáveis explicativas relacionadas com o ambiente rodoviário: simplificados (apenas com as variáveis de exposição) e globais (com todas as potenciais variáveis explicativas). O desenvolvimento destes modelos foi apoiado numa base de dados georreferenciada dos acidentes rodoviários ocorridos em Lisboa entre 2004 e 2007, com a qual foi possível explorar os dados de sinistralidade na área geográfica em análise. Estas ferramentas podem ser usadas diretamente na gestão das infraestruturas rodoviárias da cidade de Lisboa e, após pequenas adaptações, estendidas a outros municípios, dotando as respetivas entidades competentes em matéria de segurança rodoviária com informação rigorosa e detalhada sobre os fatores intervenientes na ocorrência de acidentes em meio urbano e a respetiva distribuição espacial.
Year: 2021
Number Pages:
71-96pp.
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Cardoso, J. L.
: Modelação Matemática em Engenharia de Transportes
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Método empírico de Bayes; Acidentes rodoviários; Modelação linear generalizada; Zonas de acumulação de acidentes; Modelos de estimativa de frequência de acidentes
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Modelos Explicativos da Gravidade dos Acidentes Rodoviários
Os dados discretos ou em escala nominal desempenham um papel fundamental nos transportes porque muitas análises de políticas lidam com estes tipos de dados. Exemplos de dados discretos nos transportes incluem o modo de transporte (automóvel, autocarro, comboio), o tipo ou categoria de veículo e o tipo de acidente rodoviário (despistes, colisões frontais, colisões traseiras, etc.). O conhecimento do efeito das diferentes intervenções de segurança rodoviária na redução da gravidade das lesões resultantes de acidentes rodoviários exige uma avaliação empírica detalhada das interações, reconhecidamente complexas, entre veículos, estrada e fatores humanos.Os avanços mais recentes nas metodologias estatísticas aplicadas a dados discretos sobre sinistralidade rodoviária permitiram o desenvolvimento de modelos sofisticados capazes de serem usados para determinar com rigor a influência dos fatores acima referidos nos níveis de gravidade das lesões resultantes dos acidentes rodoviários.Neste contexto, a aplicação de modelos de resultado discreto permite identificar um conjunto de fatores, relacionados com a envolvente rodoviária, que são estatisticamente relacionáveis com a gravidade das lesões dos utentes envolvidos em acidentes rodoviários, permitindo aperfeiçoar a conceção e o dimensionamento das estradas, bem como orientar políticas conducentes à melhoria da segurança rodoviária. Este capítulo inclui um exemplo de aplicação do modelo logit multinomial usando a gravidade das lesões no condutor como variável de resposta.
Year: 2021
Number Pages:
97-108.
Author(s): Roque, C. A.; Cardoso, J. L.
: Modelação Matemática em Engenharia de Transportes. A Experiência do Departamento de Transportes do LNEC.
Keywords: Acidente rodoviário; Modelo de resultado discreto; Modelo logit multinomial
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A hybrid approach for prioritising road safety interventions in urban areas
Spatial organization in cities has often given a special attention to the requirements of motorized vehicles, neglecting pedestrians and cyclists
Year: 2020
Number Pages:
204-208pp.
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Roque, C. A.; Cardoso, J. L.
: Proceedings of the XXIV International Conference on Living and Walking in Cities.
Editor: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
Keywords: High crash risk sites; Empirical Bayes method; GIS; Accident prediction models
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The role of sustainable urban mobility plans and ICT to improve public space for social inclusion
The importance of sustainable urban mobility plans is widely recognized by local and regional authorities across Europe. Technological innovation opportunities such as those offered by current and future ICT can contribute for cities to advance towards sustainable mobility and accessibility for inclusive public spaces.This article is built on an innovative living lab experience of the Intermunicipal Community of the Algarve (AMAL), the regional transport authority, scientifically supported by the LNEC, in Portugal, that comprised the development of the designated
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
109-122pp.
Author(s): Arsénio, E.; Coelho, J.
: Neighbourhood & City - Between digital and analogue perspectives
Editor: UL/COST
Keywords: Transport decarbonisation; Low carbon mobility; Accessibility; Transport planning and policies; Public spaces; App; Information and communications technology; Sustainable mobility
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Tese de Doutoramento
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Avaliação da Influência da Infra
O conhecimento dos factores que afectam a probabilidade de ocorrência de um acidente éuma área de investigação relevante de há muitas décadas devido aos enormes custos para asociedade dos acidentes rodoviários. Em Portugal, os desenvolvimentos nesta matériacentraram-se essencialmente nas estradas inter-urbanas. No entanto, as zonas urbanas,caracterizadas por elevadas percentagens de acidentes corporais (cerca de 69% do total entre2004 e 2008), requerem uma atenção prioritária.Com o presente estudo pretendeu contribuir-se para a melhoria da segurança rodoviária emmeio urbano, através da criação de ferramentas que podem ser utilizadas em métodos deintervenção em que a segurança dos utentes vulneráveis seja considerada explicitamente nasfases de planeamento e gestão das redes viárias.A primeira ferramenta correspondeu à criação de uma base de dados georreferenciada dosacidentes rodoviários ocorridos na cidade de Lisboa entre 2004 e 2007, que permitiu adefinição de mapas digitais, com possibilidade de uma grande diversidade de consultas e decruzamentos de informação.A segunda ferramenta refere-se à elaboração de modelos de estimativa de frequência deacidentes para redes urbanas, segundo diversas desagregações: segundo o elementorodoviário: em intersecções (intersecção de três ramos, intersecção de quatro ramos erotundas) e em segmentos; segundo o tipo de acidente: atropelamentos e restantes acidentescom vítimas; e segundo a inclusão de variáveis explicativas relacionadas com o ambienterodoviário: simplificado (apenas com as variáveis de exposição) e global (com todas aspotenciais variáveis explicativas). Foi considerada a incorporação de dados de exposiçãorelativos aos utentes vulneráveis por forma a melhorar a capacidade de estimativa dasinistralidade em redes urbanas.Estas duas ferramentas podem ser usadas directamente na gestão de infra-estruturas, dotandoas entidades com competência em matéria de segurança rodoviária com informação rigorosa edetalhada sobre os factores intervenientes na ocorrência de acidentes em meio urbano erespectiva distribuição espacial.
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
371.
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.
Keywords: Sistemas de informação geográficos; Modelos matemáticos; Zona urbana; Segurança rodoviária
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Estudo das Relações entre as Características da Estrada, a Velocidade e os Acidentes Rodoviários. Aplicação a Estradas de Duas Vias e Dois Sentidos.
No período de 1988 a 1993, ocorreram anualmente nas estradas rurais de uma faixa de rodagem e dois sentidos da Rede Rodoviária Nacional de Portugal, em média, cerca de 1471 acidentes corporais anuais em curva fora de cruzamentos. Estes acidentes constituem cerca de 33% dos acidentes corporais fora de cruzamentos participados na referida rede.O objectivo do presente trabalho é contribuir para o conhecimento da influência da estrada na ocorrência de acidentes e para o desenvolvimento de um método para avaliação de traçados rodoviários do ponto de vista da segurança.Foram realizadas in situ campanhas de recolha de dados sobre as distribuições de velocidades dos condutores, os quais foram relacionados com as características geométricas das estradas e com a respectiva sinistralidade. Foram desenvolvidos modelos para estimativa de perfis de velocidade de circulação livre, bem como modelos para estimativa da frequência de acidentes, em estradas de uma faixa de rodagem e dois sentidos, adaptados às condições de tráfego nacionais. Os referidos modelos foram integrados num procedimento para detectar inconsistências de velocidade em especial associadas à ocorrência de acidentes em curva, o qual foi usado para fundamentar uma proposta de quantificação de critérios de homogeneidade de traçado, adaptados à realidade do sistema de tráfego rodoviário português.
Year: 1996
Author(s): Cardoso, J. L.
Keywords: estrada de 2 vias e 2 sentidos; Modelos de frequência de acidentes; Homogeneidade de traçado; Velocidade; Acidente rodoviário; Características da estrada
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Relatório Científico
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ESTIMATIVA DE FREQUÊNCIAS DE ACIDENTES RODOVIÁRIOS EM MEIO URBANO CONSIDERANDO VOLUMES DE TRÁFEGO DE PEÕES
O presente relatório refere-se à actividade em curso LNEC no âmbito da investigaçãoprogramada (2005-2008) sobre a segurança rodoviária em meio urbano.Neste documento relatam-se os resultados da aplicação de modelos de estimativa deacidentes, desenvolvidos internacionalmente, às intersecções da Av. do Brasil e da Av.Rio de Janeiro, em Lisboa, de forma a avaliar o ajuste das estimativas obtidas nocontexto nacional.São apresentadas as conclusões relativas à aplicabilidade dos modelos analisados. Acomparação entre as frequências de acidentes observadas e as estimadas permitiuconstatar uma desadequação dos modelos estudados ao contexto rodoviário urbanode Lisboa, uma vez que os valores estimados foram bastante superiores aosobservados.
Year: 2008
Number Pages:
121pp.
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Cardoso, J. L.
Keywords: Intersecções urbanas; Passagem de peões; Atropelamentos
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ANÁLISE DE RISCO EM TÚNEIS RODOVIÁRIOS O Modelo DG-QRAM
O presente relatório tem como objectivo descrever o estado da prática actual no que se refere àanálise de risco em túneis rodoviários, designadamente no contexto europeu. Pretendeu-seigualmente apresentar o software de avaliação de riscos no transporte de mercadorias perigosas DGQRAM(Dangerous Goods - Quantitative Risk Assessment Model), desenvolvido pela ComissãoTécnica C3.3 do PIARC (World Road Association) em conjunto com a OCDE (Organização para aCooperação e Desenvolvimento Económico), e avaliar a viabilidade da sua aplicação em Portugal.É apresentado o contexto legal e analisado o enquadramento técnico-científico em que se inserem asanálises de risco, designadamente em túneis rodoviários. Descreve-se pormenorizadamente oprograma DG-QRAM, o respectivo funcionamento
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
52pp.
Author(s): Lima Azevedo, C.; Cardoso, J. L.
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Dissemination to the Road Safety Information System. SafetyNet Deliverable D3.4.
Safety performance indicators (SPIs) can be used to improve our understanding of the causes of accidents, and they can be used to monitor policy interventions. In that sense, they are one of the elements of a safety management system. SafetyNet Work Package 3 deals with these indicators. On the basis of the ETSC report 'Transport Safety Performance Indicators' (2001) [1], seven domains for SPIs have been defined: 1. Alcohol and drug-use 2. Speeds 3. Protection systems 4. Daytime running lights 5. Vehicles (passive safety) 6. Roads 7. Trauma management In Work Package 3, seven tasks are defined that work on each of the respective SPI domains. Their findings are communicated through reports, presentations, conferences and a website. This deliverable deals with the communication of findings through the European Road Safety Observatory website (http://www.erso.eu). The report contains those web texts, published on the website, that are adapted from the contents of Deliverable 3.1 from SafetyNet WP3, the State-of-the-art report. The web text focuses on the explanation of the concept of SPIs, and gives background details of two SPI areas: alcohol & drugs, and speeds. In the future new web texts related to the subject of Road Safety Performance Indicators will be added to the ERSO website.
Year: 2006
Author(s): Hafen, K.; Hasse, A.; Allenbach, R.; Riguelle, F.; Verbeke, T.; Eksler, V.; Haddak, M.; Holló, P.; Arsénio, E.; Cardoso, J. L.; Vieira Gomes, S.; Papadimitriou, E.; Goldenbeld, C.; Mathijssen, R.; Lou
Keywords: European Road Safety Observatory; safety management system; Road safety; Safety performance indicators
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Road Safety Performance Indicators: Country Comparisons. SafetyNet Deliverable D3.7a
This report compares the safety performance of 27 European countries
Year: 2006
Author(s): Hafen, K.; Riguelle, F.; Eksler, V.; Haddak, M.; Holló, P.; Arsénio, E.; Cardoso, J. L.; Vieira Gomes, S.; Papadimitriou, E.; Amelink, M.; Goldenbeld, C.; Mathijssen, R.; Louwerse, R.; Morsink, P.; Sc
Keywords: Data collection; Country comparisons; Road safety; Safety performance indicator
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Road Safety Performance Indicators: Theory. SafetyNet Deliverable D3.6
This document provides details about the theory behind the development of Safety Performance Indicators (SPIs) in seven major areas which are central to the fields of activity in road safety in Europe. The fields of activity were selected as a result of reviews of national road safety plans in many of the EU countries and around the world and are considered the central themes of activity in road safety, necessary to bring about a significant improvement in road safety in the EU countries. Within each field SPIs were developed which are directly related to that field of activity, can be quantitatively measured, can provide the basis for the assessment of the level of road safety in each country and can serve as an indicator to describe the level of activity in that field and country and can provide a yardstick for comparison. Comparisons can be before and after certain actions are taken or can be comparisons between countries. As stated above, this document deals with the theory behind the development of each of the seven SPIs. It provides the rationale behind their development, the proofs for their relevance in the specific fields and the existing limitations that led to the adoption of the specific SPIs. The document provides also some recommendations for the possible improvements required to obtain better SPIs. Two companion documents are also being prepared. One is a manual which provides details on the procedures necessary to collects the required data for the development of each SPI in each country. The second document provides results on the data collected so far for each of the 25 EU countries and the SPIs developed so far, based on the data submitted by each of the countries. It can be seen that a lot of work still has to be done, both in collecting the necessary data and in improving the SPIs, once better and more detailed data becomes available.
Year: 2006
Author(s): Hafen, K.; Hasse, A.; Lerner, M.; Allenbach, R.; Riguelle, F.; Eksler, V.; Striegler, R.; Haddak, M.; Holló, P.; Arsénio, E.; Cardoso, J. L.; Vieira Gomes, S.; Papadimitriou, E.; Amelink, M.; Goldenbe
Keywords: Data collection; Road safety; Safety performance indicator
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Safety Performance Indicators: posters for the first SafetyNet Conference
Work Package 3 of SafetyNet deals with Safety Performance Indicators. They measure the operational conditions of the road traffic system. Work Package 3 deals with seven topics: alcohol and drug use; speeds; protective systems; daytime running lights; vehicles; road; trauma management. This deliverable concerns the contribution of Work Package 3 to the first SafetyNet conference, which was held in Prague on May 10 and 11, 2006. Each topic prepared a poster with an overview of the state-of-play. In this document, these posters are assembled. Each topic has a preferred indicator, which can be used for measuring safety performance across countries. This indicator is accompanied by requirements that should be met by the data, in order to be able to calculate the indicator. For most tasks, values could be calculated for the indicators by using the available data. Data are not available for all countries and/or all topics.
Year: 2006
Author(s): Hafen, K.; Hasse, A.; Allenbach, R.; Riguelle, F.; Verbeke, T.; Eksler, V.; Haddak, M.; Holló, P.; Arsénio, E.; Cardoso, J. L.; Vieira Gomes, S.; Papadimitriou, E.; Goldenbeld, C.; Mathijssen, R.; Lou
Keywords: SafetyNet conference; road traffic system; Safety performance indicator
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A comparative study of the development of road safety in Catalonia, Spain, Portugal and Greece.
This report is one of three area reports that examine the road safety performance of the nine countries participating in the SUNflowerplus project. This area report compares the road safety situation of the Southern countries of Greece, Portugal and Spain (including a separate analysis for the Spanish autonomous region of Catalonia).The aim of this report is to identify the major road traffic risk differences between Southern European countries based upon a comparative approach initially applied by the SUN (Sweden, United Kingdom & the Netherlands) countries, and focussed on the analysis of fatalities by users of different modes of road transport.The method for comparing the Southern countries has been developed from that of the original SUNflower report (SWOV, 2002), and is reflected in the organisation of the chapters:- Description of national policy and plans. - Description of the transport context.- Fatalities by road user mode and collisions between modes.- Case studies for: drink-driving, seat belts, young drivers, speed management, pedestrians, mopeds and motorcycles.In some cases (for example, young drivers and pedestrians), the indicators used to compare the situation in the Southern countries are common to those reported in the SUN and Central areas. In other cases (for example, speed management) the situations are very different and there is less scope for comparison.SUNflower+6 compares statistics for road fatalities in terms of fatalities within 30 days of the accident. In all three Southern countries, the figures are based on national factors applied to police data recording deaths within 24 hours. In producing indicators, various efforts to improve data systems have been detected. In general, a greater use of information and communications technologies could improve the process of data registration as well as facilitating improved analysis.All three countries (and the autonomous region of Catalonia) have published a plan covering a period of three or more years (including the current year of 2005) that sets quantified targets for a reduction in the number of road accident fatalities. Such progress in road safety planning is a relatively new aspect of road safety activity in the Southern countries studied. The targeted reductions for Portugal are even more ambitious than those of the EU White Policy paper proposing a halving in road deaths by 2010, whilst those for Spain and Catalonia are in line with the European overall projection and those for Greece are more modest.
Year: 2005
Author(s): Hayes, S.; Serrano, S.; Giralt, L. P.; Zori, P.; Handanos, Y.; Lymperi, C.; Katsochis, D.; Macedo, A. L.; Cardoso, J. L.; Vieira Gomes, S.
Keywords: injury; traffic; policy; Road safety
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State of the art Report on Road Safety Performance Indicators.
GeneralRoad safety can be assessed in terms of the social costs of crashes and injuries. However, simply counting crashes or injuries is an imperfect indicator of the level of road safety. When crashes occur it is the
Year: 2005
Author(s): Hafen, K.; Lerner, M.; Allenbach, R.; Verbeke, T.; Eksler, V.; Haddak, M.; Holló, P.; Arsénio, E.; Cardoso, J. L.; Vieira Gomes, S.; Papadimitriou, E.; Amelink, M.; Goldenbeld, C.; Mathijssen, R.; Lou
Keywords: Safety performance Indicators; Road safety
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SUNFLOWER+6. Southern Group. Case Study on Pedestrians
The SUNflower+6 project is based on a comparative study regarding road safety in nine countries and one autonomous region from the EU. These countries are divided into three groups: -
Year: 2005
Author(s): Macedo, A. L.; Vieira Gomes, S.; Cardoso, J. L.; Handanos, Y.; Katsochis, D.; Serrano, S.; Zori, P.; Hayes, S.
Keywords: Pedestrians; Road user; Fatality; Injury; Policy; Road safety
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ICT
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Audit de sécurité routière au projet de routes du réseau routier national
Ce document est la traduction en langue française du manuel destiné à appuyer la mise en oeuvre d'audits de sécurité routière au projet d
Year: 2018
Author(s): Cardoso, J. L.
Keywords: PT; La sécurité routière; Manuel; Audit; Projet routier
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Estado-da-arte sobre medidas de engenharia de segurança rodoviária em ambiente urbano e sobre modelos de estimativa da frequência de acidentes - Resultados do projecto IRUMS
O presente documento constitui o primeiro relatório referente à actividadedesenvolvida pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) e pela Faculdadede Ciências e Tecnologias da Universidade de Coimbra (FCT/UC) no âmbito doprojecto IRUMS
Year: 2011
Number Pages:
152pp.
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Cardoso, J. L.; Carvalheira, C.; Picado Santos, L.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Previsão estatística; Modelo estatístico; Acidente rodoviário; Área urbana; Segurança rodoviária
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Método para intervenção na infra-estrutura rodoviária urbana para melhoria da segurança - Resultados do projecto IRUMS
O presente documento constitui o quinto relatório referente à actividade desenvolvidapelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) e pela Faculdade de Ciências eTecnologias da Universidade de Coimbra (FCT/UC) no âmbito do projecto IRUMS
Year: 2011
Number Pages:
51pp.
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Cardoso, J. L.; Carvalheira, C.; Picado Santos, L.
Editor: LNEC
Keywords: Análise de dados; Modelo estatístico; Acidente rodoviário; Segurança rodoviária; Área urbana; Infra-estrutura rodoviária
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Accident prediction models for bidirectional data on portuguese motorways
The present document describes prediction models for accident, fatalities,serious injuries and killed and seriously injured victims, adjusted to bidirectionaldata of Portuguese motorway sections. The study was developed at LaboratórioNacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) in the scope of Workpackage 2 - SafetyImpact Assessment and Accident Prediction Model of the RIPCORD-ISERESTproject, carried out under the 6th European Framework Program. It covers theissues related to modeling accidents using the Negative Binomial modelregressions as well as detailed diagnostic checks of the models obtained.The data used were collected over a five year period, ranging from 1999 to2003. Several explanatory variables were measured concerning exposure,number of lanes, presence of an additional lane, lane widths, type and widths ofthe road
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
153pp.
Author(s): Lopes, S.; Cardoso, J. L.
Editor: LNEC
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Outro
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Benchmarking road safety in Latin American countries
The main objective of the project was the benchmarking of road safety performances and developments of ten Latin American countries.The comparison allowed to identify the similarities and differences between countries, not only on the number of crashes and casualties, but also on the factors, circumstances and events that influence the risk of a crash and the severity of its outcome. The analysis was performed in the following areas
Year: 2018
Author(s): Vieira Gomes, S.; Feypell, V.; Wegman, F.
Keywords: Data collection; Latin America; Benchmarking; Road safety
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Document organisationnel du système de comptage. Document descriptif des besoins
Neste relatório é proposta a estrutura organizacional para realização das contagens tendentes ao recenseamento de tráfego rodoviário na rede de estradas interubanas da Argélia, incluindo o dimensionamento do parque de equipamento de contagem a usar, sua configuração (cntagens permanentes e temporárias), bem como a avaliação dos prazos de realização, em função da dimensão das equipas encarregadas da colocação e exploração dos equipamentos nos trechos da rede rodoviária.
Year: 2017
Author(s): Rème, A.; Courbon, T.; Robin, V.; Cardoso, J. L.
Keywords: Rede rodoviária; Tráfego rodoviário
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Transport Challenge in Horizon 2020. ECTRI suggestions for the third work programme (2018-2020) in the field of "Transport economics and policy"
The European Conference of Transport Research Institutes (ECTRI) is an international non
Year: 2016
Author(s): Arsénio, E.; Heddebaut, O.; Tuominen, A.
Keywords: Connected and automated transport; Socio-economic research; Low carbon transport; Behavioural research; Transport policies; Transport economics; Integrated transport; Green transport; Smart transport; Horizon 2020
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Assessment of intermodal freight transport costs
The research reported in this paper is part of the R&D project COST-TRENDs, funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology. It presents a strategic assessment study of the hinterland connections centred in the Port of Sines, in Portugal, that integrates the core network corridor of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) designated as the Atlantic corridor. The study comprised the analysis of trends of maritime freight costs until 2020 and the assessment of alternative intermodal freight transport options to reduce costs along the multimodal transport chains. The options evaluated focused in the Iberian section of the Atlantic corridor and included the combination of maritime-short sea shipping, maritime-rail, maritime-road and, also, rail-air modes. The study estimated several key performance indicators for each option which aim to provide useful inputs to transport policy.
Year: 2014
Number Pages:
16pp.
Author(s): Prata, J.; Arsénio, E.
Keywords: Freight transport costs; Co2 emissions; Climate change externalities; Intermodal freight transport
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How to Promote Sustainable Land-Use Changes Through Developing Intermodal High-Speed Railway Stations: a case study in Portugal
The literature shows that the development of the railway system in most European countries had a key role both in the evolution of urban systems and regional dynamics. On the other hand, it can be said that railway stations might act as important drivers for promoting sustainable land-use changes, namely of node and place functions which can be consistently balanced.The future Portuguese High-Speed Railway (HSR) network is considered as a major strategic transport scheme at both the Iberian and national levels. Its first stage comprises three routes. Of these, one links the Lisbon Metropolitan Area with the Spanish border of Badajoz, being an integral part of the HSR between both Iberian capitals, whereas the other two form the Atlantic Axis, encompassing a system of cities ranging from Lisbon to Porto, an from the latter point to Braga, Vigo and Coruña, concentrating nearly 80% of the whole Portuguese population, and serving an area generating about 90% of Portugal
Year: 2010
Number Pages:
30p..
Author(s): Arsénio, E.; Tao, M.; Ferreira, F.
Editor: PTRC, UK
Keywords: Stated-choice survey; Discrete choice models; Territorial impacts; Intermodality; High-speed rail
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