Publications

When dealing with road safety in Africa, one should bear in mind that road safety problems need to be seen in their context as the solutions proposed to address them. While it is relevant to consider international good practices, African stakeholders should become owners of the interventions addressing their problems and take the responsibility for developing and implementing the appropriate solutions, taking advantage of suitable technical assistance, if needed. Based on these considerations, in this paper, a presentation is made of the process used in the European research project SaferAfrica to define suitable Safe System projects in Africa. This project aims at supporting policymakers and stakeholders with evidence on critical risk factors, related actions, and good practices drawn from high-quality data and knowledge. In the project, road safety and traffic management capacity reviews at the country level were carried out in five countries (Cameroon, Burkina Faso, Tunisia, Kenya, and South Africa), following the World Bank guidelines. After conducting such a capacity review, these guidelines recommend the preparation and implementation of Safe System projects,

Introduction: Roadway departure (RwD) crashes, comprising run-off-road (ROR) and cross- median/centerline head-on collisions, are one of the most lethal crash types. According to the FHWA, between 2015 and 2017, an average of 52 percent of motor vehicle traffic fatalities occurred each year due to roadway departure crashes. An avoidance maneuver, inattention or fatigue, or traveling too fast with respect to weather or geometric road conditions are among the most common reasons a driver leaves the travel lane. Roadway and roadside geometric design features such as clear zones play a significant role in whether human error results in a crash.in a crash.Method: In this we used mixed-logit models to investigate the contributing factors on injury severity of single-vehicle ROR crashes. To that end, we obtained five years

School commuting with public transportation (PT) and shifting away from private cars remains a challenge, especially for transport planners. From behavioral and cultural viewpoints, car dependence has not yet been reversed in many cities. Actions to promote the shift to PT should be multidisciplinary and multi-instrumental to increase PT adoption and achieve more sustainable mobility. There is a lack of strategic alignment between the different stakeholders involved in school commuting of children (parents, school, PT operators) and empirical studies sustaining the effectiveness of actions to shift away from the car. Moreover, PT behavioral aspects are still poorly researched from a marketing perspective. This research aims to help fill the gap by implementing actions related to the 4Ps of the marketing mix (product, place, price, promotion). Ten schools in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area were involved in those actions and then surveyed (1,760 survey participants) to evaluate the impact on their behavioral change, that is, to start going to school with PT. The study explores the impact of a set of marketing events on the time duration before children shift to PT when commuting to school, with a hazard-based duration model. Results suggest that to promote school commuting with PT, it is necessary to characterize the school community before commencing any mobility-oriented intervention, particularly concerning sociodemographic attributes and mobility patterns. These are critical information to design marketing actions better and to adapt and improve the quality of PT vehicles and services that operate to and from schools.

This paper is built around a research project developed with the support of the Regional Planning Authority of the Algarve Region in Portugal which assessed mobility patterns covering all modes of transport using heterogeneous data sources (time-series data). Data mining techniques helped to identify limitations in some data sets. The econometric analysis showed that integrated autoregressive models and moving averages for series with seasonality were successful in the prediction of passenger flows using time-series data gathered by the regional authority from transport operators and other entities. Results from the analysis are useful to support a strategy to reverse current trends on continued car growth (along with public transport decrease) and to devise policy measures to enable a sustainable mobility path towards decarbonisation and social equity goals until 2030.

Under the Safe System framework, Road Authorities have a responsibility to deliver inherently safe roads and streets. Addressing this problem depends on knowledge of the road network safety conditions and the number of funds available for new road safety interventions. It also requires the prioritization of the various interventions that may generate benefits, increasing safety, while ensuring that reasonable steps are taken to remedy the deficiencies detected within a reasonable timeframe. In this context, Road Safety Inspections (RSI) are a proactive tool for identifying safety issues, consisting of a regular, systematic, on-site inspection of existing roads, covering the whole road network, carried out by trained safety expert teams.This paper aims to describe how topic modelling can be effectively used to identify co-occurrence patterns of attributes related to the run-off-road crashes, as well as the corresponding patterns of road safety interventions, as described in the RSI reports. We apply latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), a widespread method for fitting a topic model, to analyse the topics mentioned in RSI reports, divided into two groups: problems found; and proposed solutions. For this study, 54 RSI gathered over six years (2012 - 2017) were analysed, covering 4011 km of Irish roads.The results indicate that important keywords relating to the

Roadway departure (RwD) crashes, comprising run-off-road (ROR) and cross-median/centerline head-on collisions, are one of the most lethal crash types. Nationwide, from 2014 to 2016, annual RwD crashes accounted for 53% of all motor vehicle traffic fatalities. Several factors may cause a driver leave the travel lane, including an avoidance maneuver and inattention or fatigue. Roadway and roadside geometric design features (e.g., lane widths and clear zones) play a significant role in whether human error results in a crash. In this paper, we present a hazard-based duration model to investigate the distance traveled by an errant vehicle in a run-off-road crash, the stopping hazard rates, and associated risk factors. For this study, we obtained five years' (2010

Stepping away from traditional crash-based road safety measurements, several safety performance indicators (SPI) have been proposed in the past few years. SPI can incorporate quantitative and qualitative information on specific aspects that are known to have influence in the safety levels and, not only measure the influence of various safety interventions but also enable comparisons between different road systems. This paper presents the results of the application of a road network SPI to the entire Portuguese road network. This SPI aims at evaluating at the network level, if the connections between urban centres within a region are made by the adequate type of roads regarding generic safety criteria. To this end, the connections to be assessed were classified into pre-defined theoretical safety classes, based on the population of the connected urban centres. Then, the observed safety class of these connections was assessed according to the characteristics of their cross-section and associated road environment of the existing connection between the two urban centres. If the observed class is ensured by a road of higher or equal class than the pre-defined theoretical level in all its extension, the link is considered to be of the appropriate class. For each connection, the results of its evaluation are expressed as a binary value: 0 when the class is not appropriate; and 1 when it is appropriate. The evaluation results are weighted by the road length and aggregated by connection class and throughout the whole road network. The results show a satisfactory network configuration with an SPI of 94% connections with class equal to or higher than the adequate for the type of connection between urban centres they established. The above insights can help in the identification of potential operational inconsistencies that may require safety-related interventions and used for international benchmarks against existing SPI evaluations.

This paper extends the previous R&D project on the evaluation of intermodal freight transport scenarios (seamless multimodal logistic chains) centered in the Port of Sines in Portugal where a set of alternative investment options were compared: (i) maritime

Electric bikes (e-bikes) may help in transport decarbonisation in European cities. To fully assess the market potential of e-bikes, further research is needed to understand users

The European Commission (EC) introduced the concept of Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMPs) as a new planning paradigm with a focus on people

Este artigo procura identificar fatores críticos que possam fomentar a transferência modal das deslocações dosalunos para a escola, para o modo pedonal. Neste sentido, analisou-se o jogo

A atividade de investigação científica que é realizada no Departamento de Transportes do LNEC está organizada no âmbito de um

SaferAfrica

This paper is built on an innovative experience of the Intermunicipal Community of the Algarve Region (Regional Transport Authority), scientifically supported by the LNEC in Portugal, that comprised the development of the designated "Action Plans for Sustainable Mobility" (PAMUS) for the region, a network of sixteen cities. Following the Regional Operation Program, these plans were "to support the transition for a low carbon economy in all sectors" and, also, the investment priority "Promotion of low carbon in all the territory, namely urban areas, including the promotion of sustainable and multimodal urban mobility, adaptation and mitigation measures" (of energy consumption and CO2 emissions). The development of the PAMUS in the Algarve region comprised several interconnected components: an integrated approach for the development of plans that included a collaborative platform of stakeholders, a communication strategy to the public and a technological component to be used by the people (app VAMUS) and the acquiistion of cycling data for the region (STRAVA interface). In July 2016, the sixteen Mayors of the region signed a letter of commitment and agreed to work together towards sustainable mobility goals. This collective action represented a disruptive governance step aiming to trigger a positive behaviour change towards low carbon transport where cycling and walking have a role. The novel features of the successful experience of the PAMUS developed in the Algarve region will be presented and discussed considering other international planning experiences in Europe (e.g. France) and beyond Europe (e.g. Brazil).

Cet article utilise un partage d'expériences en Europe, entre la France et le Brésil pour analyser comment les objectifs d

Greater cooperation across transport modes in research and development activities has the potential to develop systems thinking, optimise use of resources and improve services for customers. This paper presents the findings of a Horizon 2020 project called Users, Safety, Security and Energy in Transport Infrastructure (USE-iT) which aimed to encourage greater cross-modal collaboration, through the identification of common challenges and development of a cross-modal research roadmap to address these. USE-iT and its sister project FOX identified more than 300 technologies, processes and systems that could benefit from a cross-modal approach. The involvement of industry was an integral part of this process, and a key objective of the project was to bring together stakeholders from all modes to facilitate knowledge transfer and develop a network for future cooperation. The paper focuses on research supporting the reduction of energy consumption and carbon emissions across transport modes, which was one of four topic areas addressed by USE-iT.

Descrevem-se os impactes da sobrecarga dos veículos pesados (peso bruto e carga por eixo) na durabilidade da infraestrutura (pavimentos e obras de arte), na operação das rodovias (capacidade, níveis de serviço e segurança rodoviária), na economia (custos do transporte), bem como no ambiente (emissões aéreas).

Transport plays a crucial role in urban development by providing access for people to education, markets, employment, recreation, health care and other key services. Cities which prioritize public transport and non-motorized modes are considered at the top of surveys measuring urban quality of life. Concerns over the quality of life have spread to the growing use of active transportation modes, and as so, proximity to the public transportation system is highly valued. The relationship between public transport accessibility and residential land value is the subject of many recent researches. A house located near public transports will tend to be sold at higher prices. This is due to the convenience that public transportation brings to its influence area, enabling quick access to the network and reduced travel times. However, some studies have found that this proximity can induce adverse effects on property values. The main concern of this paper is to address the importance of a public transport subway system in urban areas, and to analyse the effect of housing distance to stations has in real estate prices. A geocoded database integrated in a geographical information system was used, containing information on housing unit

BackgroundSpatial organization in cities has often taken a special attention to motor vehicles requirements, and neglecting pedestrians and cyclists

Benchmarking can be defined as a systematic process of searching for best practices, innovative ideas and highly effective operating procedures that lead to superior performance. In this sense, benchmarking is the first step to learn from the results obtained by others "in the same class."This paper presents the results from a research project with the aim of developing a methodology to assess road safety performances in ten Latin American countries and benchmark their performance against a set of indicators and best practices leading to a set of recommendations for individual countries and for other stakeholders to further improve road safety. The methodological approach was based on the road safety target hierarchy used in the SUNflower project, which requires a clear understanding of traffic safety processes at different levels in the hierarchy, as well as the causes and consequences that lead to casualties and costs for society.The participating countries were Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay and Uruguay. The comparisons between them allowed to identify the similarities and differences, not only on the number of crashes and casualties, but also on the factors, circumstances and events that influence the risk of crashes and the severity of their outcome. Several aspects were deeply analysed, namely road safety strategies, including key interventions and main stakeholders, the main characteristics of the road transport system, and the trends in fatal injuries and crashes. A special focus was given to the following subjects: pedestrians, powered two-wheelers, drink and driving, speed, seat belts and child restraint use, road infrastructure and trauma management.

The application of low-cost road and traffic engineering measures (LCEM) is a cost-effective method for reducing accidents and their consequences. Empirical evidence shows that enforcement contributes to improvements on driving behaviour and road safety; however, results from reducing enforcement are seldom presented.In this paper a presentation is made of the impact LCEM and changes in enforcement intensity had on selected driving behaviour variables and safety levels on a 170 km single carriageway trunk road. LCEM were implemented on the road, followed a year later by the commitment of exceptionally intense and severe law enforcement and, after two years, its relaxation. The impacts of these safety interventions were evaluated through observational before-after studies. The expected number of injury accidents was reduced by 41% (less 75% fatalities), when considering the combined effect of LCEM and enforcement; suppression of strict enforcement was related to a 20% increase in the number of fatalities.

This case study refers to a successful application of an asphalt rubber wearing course in the frame ofthe rehabilitation of the pavement of the National Road EN 1 between Landiosa and Picoto.It concerns asphalt rubber manufactured by the wet process, using gap-graded aggregates. / O presente caso de estudo refere-se à aplicação bem sucedida de misturas com betume modificadocom borracha reciclada de pneus em camada de desgaste, no âmbito das obras de reabilitação dopavimento da estrada nacional EN 1, entre Landiosa e Picoto.Diz respeito, em particular, ao fabrico, por via húmida, de mistura betuminosa com borrachautilizando agregados com granulometria descontínua.

Manual de boas práticas para uma mobilidade sustentável, no âmbito do projecto nacional "Mobilidade Sustentável" coordenado pela Agência portuguesa do Ambiente (Vol. II). O projecto Mobilidade Sustentável envolveu uma rede de 15 centros de investigação/universidades do país, incluindo o LNEC.

Nesta publicação apresentam-se os aspectos relativos à concepção do projecto Mobilidade Sustentável, principais conclusões e recomendações.

O tempo decorrido (ou a distância percorrida) até à ocorrência de um evento, ou a duração do mesmo, podem ser analisados através de modelos de duração baseados em risco (hazard-based duration models), os quais têm sido amplamente utilizados em campos como a medicina, as ciências sociais e a engenharia industrial. Contudo, são relativamente escassos os estudos que aplicaram modelos de duração à engenharia de transportes.Este capítulo inclui dois exemplos de aplicação de modelos de duração à investigação em engenharia de transportes. O primeiro diz respeito às distâncias percorridas por veículos descontrolados em despistes ocorridos na Carolina do Norte (E.U.A.). O segundo refere-se ao tempo decorrido até à transferência modal nas deslocações para a escola de um conjunto de alunos de 162 turmas de 51 escolas do ensino básico em Portugal.

Em Portugal, a investigação sobre o conhecimento dos fatores que afetam a probabilidade de ocorrência de acidentes tem-se centrado essencialmente nas estradas interurbanas. No entanto, as zonas urbanas, onde ocorrem elevadas percentagens de acidentes corporais requerem uma atenção prioritária. Com o presente estudo pretendeu contribuir-se para a melhoria da segurança rodoviária em meio urbano, através da criação de ferramentas que podem ser utilizadas em métodos de intervenção em que a segurança dos utentes vulneráveis seja considerada explicitamente nas fases de planeamento e gestão das redes viárias. Uma das referidas ferramentas resultou da elaboração de modelos de estimativa de frequência de acidentes para redes urbanas, segundo diversas desagregações, em função de características do elemento rodoviário: em intersecções (três ramos, quatro ramos e rotundas) e em segmentos; segundo o tipo de acidente (atropelamentos e restantes acidentes com vítimas); e segundo a inclusão de variáveis explicativas relacionadas com o ambiente rodoviário: simplificados (apenas com as variáveis de exposição) e globais (com todas as potenciais variáveis explicativas). O desenvolvimento destes modelos foi apoiado numa base de dados georreferenciada dos acidentes rodoviários ocorridos em Lisboa entre 2004 e 2007, com a qual foi possível explorar os dados de sinistralidade na área geográfica em análise. Estas ferramentas podem ser usadas diretamente na gestão das infraestruturas rodoviárias da cidade de Lisboa e, após pequenas adaptações, estendidas a outros municípios, dotando as respetivas entidades competentes em matéria de segurança rodoviária com informação rigorosa e detalhada sobre os fatores intervenientes na ocorrência de acidentes em meio urbano e a respetiva distribuição espacial.

Os dados discretos ou em escala nominal desempenham um papel fundamental nos transportes porque muitas análises de políticas lidam com estes tipos de dados. Exemplos de dados discretos nos transportes incluem o modo de transporte (automóvel, autocarro, comboio), o tipo ou categoria de veículo e o tipo de acidente rodoviário (despistes, colisões frontais, colisões traseiras, etc.). O conhecimento do efeito das diferentes intervenções de segurança rodoviária na redução da gravidade das lesões resultantes de acidentes rodoviários exige uma avaliação empírica detalhada das interações, reconhecidamente complexas, entre veículos, estrada e fatores humanos.Os avanços mais recentes nas metodologias estatísticas aplicadas a dados discretos sobre sinistralidade rodoviária permitiram o desenvolvimento de modelos sofisticados capazes de serem usados para determinar com rigor a influência dos fatores acima referidos nos níveis de gravidade das lesões resultantes dos acidentes rodoviários.Neste contexto, a aplicação de modelos de resultado discreto permite identificar um conjunto de fatores, relacionados com a envolvente rodoviária, que são estatisticamente relacionáveis com a gravidade das lesões dos utentes envolvidos em acidentes rodoviários, permitindo aperfeiçoar a conceção e o dimensionamento das estradas, bem como orientar políticas conducentes à melhoria da segurança rodoviária. Este capítulo inclui um exemplo de aplicação do modelo logit multinomial usando a gravidade das lesões no condutor como variável de resposta.

Spatial organization in cities has often given a special attention to the requirements of motorized vehicles, neglecting pedestrians and cyclists

The importance of sustainable urban mobility plans is widely recognized by local and regional authorities across Europe. Technological innovation opportunities such as those offered by current and future ICT can contribute for cities to advance towards sustainable mobility and accessibility for inclusive public spaces.This article is built on an innovative living lab experience of the Intermunicipal Community of the Algarve (AMAL), the regional transport authority, scientifically supported by the LNEC, in Portugal, that comprised the development of the designated

O conhecimento dos factores que afectam a probabilidade de ocorrência de um acidente éuma área de investigação relevante de há muitas décadas devido aos enormes custos para asociedade dos acidentes rodoviários. Em Portugal, os desenvolvimentos nesta matériacentraram-se essencialmente nas estradas inter-urbanas. No entanto, as zonas urbanas,caracterizadas por elevadas percentagens de acidentes corporais (cerca de 69% do total entre2004 e 2008), requerem uma atenção prioritária.Com o presente estudo pretendeu contribuir-se para a melhoria da segurança rodoviária emmeio urbano, através da criação de ferramentas que podem ser utilizadas em métodos deintervenção em que a segurança dos utentes vulneráveis seja considerada explicitamente nasfases de planeamento e gestão das redes viárias.A primeira ferramenta correspondeu à criação de uma base de dados georreferenciada dosacidentes rodoviários ocorridos na cidade de Lisboa entre 2004 e 2007, que permitiu adefinição de mapas digitais, com possibilidade de uma grande diversidade de consultas e decruzamentos de informação.A segunda ferramenta refere-se à elaboração de modelos de estimativa de frequência deacidentes para redes urbanas, segundo diversas desagregações: segundo o elementorodoviário: em intersecções (intersecção de três ramos, intersecção de quatro ramos erotundas) e em segmentos; segundo o tipo de acidente: atropelamentos e restantes acidentescom vítimas; e segundo a inclusão de variáveis explicativas relacionadas com o ambienterodoviário: simplificado (apenas com as variáveis de exposição) e global (com todas aspotenciais variáveis explicativas). Foi considerada a incorporação de dados de exposiçãorelativos aos utentes vulneráveis por forma a melhorar a capacidade de estimativa dasinistralidade em redes urbanas.Estas duas ferramentas podem ser usadas directamente na gestão de infra-estruturas, dotandoas entidades com competência em matéria de segurança rodoviária com informação rigorosa edetalhada sobre os factores intervenientes na ocorrência de acidentes em meio urbano erespectiva distribuição espacial.

No período de 1988 a 1993, ocorreram anualmente nas estradas rurais de uma faixa de rodagem e dois sentidos da Rede Rodoviária Nacional de Portugal, em média, cerca de 1471 acidentes corporais anuais em curva fora de cruzamentos. Estes acidentes constituem cerca de 33% dos acidentes corporais fora de cruzamentos participados na referida rede.O objectivo do presente trabalho é contribuir para o conhecimento da influência da estrada na ocorrência de acidentes e para o desenvolvimento de um método para avaliação de traçados rodoviários do ponto de vista da segurança.Foram realizadas in situ campanhas de recolha de dados sobre as distribuições de velocidades dos condutores, os quais foram relacionados com as características geométricas das estradas e com a respectiva sinistralidade. Foram desenvolvidos modelos para estimativa de perfis de velocidade de circulação livre, bem como modelos para estimativa da frequência de acidentes, em estradas de uma faixa de rodagem e dois sentidos, adaptados às condições de tráfego nacionais. Os referidos modelos foram integrados num procedimento para detectar inconsistências de velocidade em especial associadas à ocorrência de acidentes em curva, o qual foi usado para fundamentar uma proposta de quantificação de critérios de homogeneidade de traçado, adaptados à realidade do sistema de tráfego rodoviário português.

The objective of this project is to develop a methodology to assess road safety performance in a selection of Latin America countries and benchmark their performance against a set of indicators and best practices. The expected outcome is to offer policy makers in Latin America a tool to assess the weaknesses and strengths of each country and identify areas deserving policy attention and where the experience of other countries may be usefully applied. The results from this benchmarking analysis shall be useful to policy makers and researchers in understanding better road safety principles and in learning from each other in order to design effective road safety policies.

This report is a deliverable of USE-iT (Users, Safety, Security and Energy in Transport Infrastructure);a Horizon 2020 Coordination and Support Action (CSA) project managed by the Forum of European Highway Research Laboratories (FEHRL). The aim of USE-iT is to better understand the common challenges facing transport modes and in conjunction with stakeholders to produce a multi-modal research roadmap to develop technologies and approaches to addressing these challenges. In addition to a work package on management (WP1) and a work package on dissemination activities (WP5), USE-iT is divided into three technical Work Packages addressing important challenges facing all modes; providing better customer information (WP2); improving safety and security (WP3) and reducing carbon emissions and energy consumption (WP4). This deliverable presents the preliminary results of WP3, in which technologies and approaches that have the potential of enhancing safety and security across all transport modes were investigated. Transport and mobility represent one of the most important elements of any economy and society. Moreover, global transport, across all modes, has a direct impact on the quality of life of people and their traveling. For this reason, not only ensuring but enhancing safe and secure transport across all modes is paramount.In WP3, a literature review was performed to identify best practice approaches that have the potential to cross over from one transport mode to another. A significant number of technologies and approaches with capabilities to improve transport safety and security were identified andcategorized in areas and concepts. A detailed description of these technologies, along with barriers and opportunities for cross modal application can be found in Appendix A. The next step in the project is to discuss the technologies with key stakeholders from all modes in order to identify potential research topics that could benefit more than one mode. This will be done through:

This report is a deliverable of USE-iT (Users, Safety, Security and Energy in Transport Infrastructure); a Horizon 2020 Coordination and Support Action (CSA) project managed by the Forum of European Highway Research Laboratories (FEHRL). The aim of USE-iT is to better understand the common challenges facing transport modes and in conjunction with stakeholders to produce a multi-modal research roadmap to develop technologies and approaches to addressing these challenges. In addition to a work package on management (WP1) and a work package on dissemination activities (WP5), USE-iT is divided into three technical Work Packages addressing important challenges facing all modes; providing better customer information (WP2); improving safety and safety (WP3) and reducing carbon emissions and energy consumption (WP4). This report relates to Work Package 4; reducing the carbon emissions and energy consumption associated with the transport sector.Transport is one of the largest contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), and user of energy

O presente relatório foi elaborado no âmbito do projeto de I&D, cofinanciado pelaFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, designado SAFESIDE

O presente relatório foi elaborado no âmbito do projeto de I&D, cofinanciado pelaFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, designado SAFESIDE

O presente relatório foi elaborado no âmbito do projeto de I&D, cofinanciado pelaFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, designado SAFESIDE

The ECTRI Transport Economics and Policies (ECOPOL) group consists of 41 experts from 20 Transport Research Institutes and Universities representing 16 countries. Members are: BASt (DE), CDV (CZ), CENIT (ES), DLR (DE), DVS, FhG (DE), HIT (GR), Ifsttar (FR), ITS (PL), KTI (HU), LET (FR), LNEC (PT), POLITO (IT), TOI (NO), TRL (UK), TTI (LV), UPM (ES), UVEG (ES), VGTU (LT), VTI (FI).The scope of the TG-ECOPOL scientific agenda covers the following research areas:-Policy Analysis such as Scenarios, Foresights; -Cost-Benefit Analysis; -Public-Private Partnerships;-Pricing and Externalities.In more detail, methodologies to support transport policy development covered by ECOPOL include social cost-benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, multicriteria analysis, computable general equilibrium modelling, statistical analysis and econometrics, strategic transport and traffic models, stated and revealed preferences, macro and micro models and socio-technical foresight.This position paper is a result of the group reflection on key challenges for Horizon 2020 regarding socio-economic research needs for transport policy in Europe. At the ECTRI Thematic Groups

This deliverable presents the results of the Work Package 4 of OPTIMISM. The main aim of this WP is to identify ICT options enhancing co-modality and assessing their potential to contribute to the decarbonisation of the passenger transport sector. To reach this objective the following five consecutive steps are carried out: 1. identifying ICT options enhancing co-modality; 2. carrying out a broad (qualitative) assessment of identified ICT options; 3. selecting best practices with regard to co-modality/ICT options; 4. estimating the impact of the identified best practices on mobility patterns; 5. estimating the decarbonisation potential and co-benefits of identified best practices.

O presente relatório refere-se às condições de ocorrência de uma colisão em cadeia envolvendo 31 veículos ligeiros e 4 veículos pesados de mercadorias, seguido de incêndio, ocorrida ao quilómetro 45.000 da faixa de rodagem Aveiro-Viseu da A25, pelas 15:55 horas de 23 de Agosto de 2010.O estudo, que contou com a colaboração do Núcleo de Investigação Criminal de Acidentes de Viação da Guarda Nacional Republicana, foi realizado conjuntamente pelos IDMEC do IST e NPTS do LNEC e visou avaliar o contributo de factores relacionados com os veículos, a estrada e as manobras efectuadas pelos condutores na cadeia de acontecimentos que constituiu o acidente, designadamente, na sua produção e na das consequências do mesmo.Concluiu-se que o acidente pode ser decomposto numa sequência de 28 acontecimentos, envolvendo colisões sucessivas entre 35 veículos. Foi possível simular computacionalmente esses acontecimentos; no entanto, os dados registados na cena do acidente e a informação posteriormente recolhida não permitiram reconstituir numa única linha temporal a sequência desses acontecimentos, sendo apenas possível reconstituir cada os cenários mais prováveis para cada uma das sequências e identificar as respetivas precedências.Identificaram-se alguns mecanismos de produção de danos corporais nas vítimas. Na sequência da análise do sinistro são apresentadas algumas recomendações relativamente ao sistema de tráfego rodoviário que, se materializadas, contribuirão para a melhoria quer dos níveis de segurança rodoviária quer da análise científica dos acidentes.

O presente relatório refere-se às condições de ocorrência de uma colisão em cadeia, envolvendo 19 veículos ligeiros e um veículo pesado de mercadorias, ocorrida ao quilómetro 45.600 da faixa de rodagem Viseu-Aveiro da A25, pelas 16:25 horas de 23 de Agosto de 2010.O estudo, que contou com a colaboração do Núcleo de Investigação Criminal de Acidentes de Viação da Guarda Nacional Republicana, foi realizado conjuntamente pelos NIAR do IDMEC/IST e NPTS do LNEC e visou avaliar o contributo de factores relacionados com os veículos, a estrada e as manobras efectuadas pelos condutores na cadeia de acontecimentos que constituiu o acidente, designadamente, na sua produção e na das consequências do mesmo.Concluiu-se que as lesões corporais decorrentes do acidente foram provocadas por um veículo pesado de mercadorias que causou a colisão em cadeia envolvendo os 20 veículos. Foi possível simular computacionalmente esses acontecimentos; tendo-se obtido uma boa correlação entre os danos nos veículos e as suas posições de imobilização.Elenca-se, ainda, um conjunto de factores, cujas características e associação no tempo foram determinantes para a ocorrência deste acidente e a gravidade das suas consequências. Estes factores constituem aspectos susceptíveis de considerável aperfeiçoamento no sentido da prevenção da sinistralidade rodoviária e da mitigação das suas consequências no nosso País.

Ce document est la traduction en langue française du manuel destiné à appuyer la mise en oeuvre d'audits de sécurité routière au projet d

O presente documento constitui o primeiro relatório referente à actividadedesenvolvida pelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) e pela Faculdadede Ciências e Tecnologias da Universidade de Coimbra (FCT/UC) no âmbito doprojecto IRUMS

O presente documento constitui o quinto relatório referente à actividade desenvolvidapelo Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) e pela Faculdade de Ciências eTecnologias da Universidade de Coimbra (FCT/UC) no âmbito do projecto IRUMS

The present document describes prediction models for accident, fatalities,serious injuries and killed and seriously injured victims, adjusted to bidirectionaldata of Portuguese motorway sections. The study was developed at LaboratórioNacional de Engenharia Civil (LNEC) in the scope of Workpackage 2 - SafetyImpact Assessment and Accident Prediction Model of the RIPCORD-ISERESTproject, carried out under the 6th European Framework Program. It covers theissues related to modeling accidents using the Negative Binomial modelregressions as well as detailed diagnostic checks of the models obtained.The data used were collected over a five year period, ranging from 1999 to2003. Several explanatory variables were measured concerning exposure,number of lanes, presence of an additional lane, lane widths, type and widths ofthe road

The main objective of the project was the benchmarking of road safety performances and developments of ten Latin American countries.The comparison allowed to identify the similarities and differences between countries, not only on the number of crashes and casualties, but also on the factors, circumstances and events that influence the risk of a crash and the severity of its outcome. The analysis was performed in the following areas

Neste relatório é proposta a estrutura organizacional para realização das contagens tendentes ao recenseamento de tráfego rodoviário na rede de estradas interubanas da Argélia, incluindo o dimensionamento do parque de equipamento de contagem a usar, sua configuração (cntagens permanentes e temporárias), bem como a avaliação dos prazos de realização, em função da dimensão das equipas encarregadas da colocação e exploração dos equipamentos nos trechos da rede rodoviária.

The European Conference of Transport Research Institutes (ECTRI) is an international non

The research reported in this paper is part of the R&D project COST-TRENDs, funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology. It presents a strategic assessment study of the hinterland connections centred in the Port of Sines, in Portugal, that integrates the core network corridor of the Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) designated as the Atlantic corridor. The study comprised the analysis of trends of maritime freight costs until 2020 and the assessment of alternative intermodal freight transport options to reduce costs along the multimodal transport chains. The options evaluated focused in the Iberian section of the Atlantic corridor and included the combination of maritime-short sea shipping, maritime-rail, maritime-road and, also, rail-air modes. The study estimated several key performance indicators for each option which aim to provide useful inputs to transport policy.

The literature shows that the development of the railway system in most European countries had a key role both in the evolution of urban systems and regional dynamics. On the other hand, it can be said that railway stations might act as important drivers for promoting sustainable land-use changes, namely of node and place functions which can be consistently balanced.The future Portuguese High-Speed Railway (HSR) network is considered as a major strategic transport scheme at both the Iberian and national levels. Its first stage comprises three routes. Of these, one links the Lisbon Metropolitan Area with the Spanish border of Badajoz, being an integral part of the HSR between both Iberian capitals, whereas the other two form the Atlantic Axis, encompassing a system of cities ranging from Lisbon to Porto, an from the latter point to Braga, Vigo and Coruña, concentrating nearly 80% of the whole Portuguese population, and serving an area generating about 90% of Portugal