Papers
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Direct displacement-based design for RC structures
In the early nineties, the Performance-Based Seismic Engineering (PBSE) principles have been introduced in the seismic design of structures. Several authors have identified the limitations of traditional force-based design (FBD) procedures widespread in most of the design codes to accomplish the PBSE requirements. Therefore, various contributions were made towards the development of displacement-based seismic design methodologies, in particularly the one proposed by Priestley, known as "Direct Displacement-Based Design" (DDBD). The purpose of this work is to investigate the DDBD approach in its entirety. In particular, the emphasis is set herein on the definition of the equivalent viscous damping and on the concrete impact of choosing one or another expression. Then, the efficiency of applying DDBD to reinforced concrete (RC) plane frames and dual frame-wall structures is assessed and the consequences of using the linear response spectrum suggested in the Eurocode 8 as input data is investigated.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
67-88pp.
Author(s): Massena, B.; Degée, H.; Candeias, P.; Bento, R.
: Revista Portuguesa de Engenharia de Estruturas (rpee)
Editor: LNEC
Volume:
Série III, N.º 6.
Keywords: Reinforced concrete buildings; Equivalent viscous damping; Direct displacement-based design
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Influência do número de sheds e da distância horizontal entre eles no desempenho da ventilação natural
A ventilação natural é uma eficiente estratégia para o condicionamento térmico passivo de edificações, e muitas vezes o seu potencial está relacionado às decisões em projeto diferentes do modelo convencional. Um exemplo são os sheds, aberturas na cobertura que funcionam como captadores ou extratores de ar, dependendo de sua localização em relação aos ventos dominantes. O objetivo do artigo é avaliar a influência do número de sheds e da distância entre eles no desempenho da ventilação natural. Os ângulos de incidência dos ventos analisados foram 0º, 45º, 135º e 180º. A metodologia adotada foi simulação por Dinâmica dos Fluidos Computacional (CFD), utilizando o software CFX. Os resultados indicam que o aumento do número de sheds reduz a renovação de ar interna para as situações de extração e captação de ar. Por outro lado, o aumento da distância entre esses dispositivos, incrementa o fluxo de ar interno para os sheds captadores. No entanto, teve-se uma redução na renovação de ar para os sheds extratores de ar. Isso ocorre pela redução da área total das abertiras de saída de ar, que apresenta uma influência na vazão volumétrica do edifício. Nos sheds captadores de ar o incremento ocorre, pois, apesar do aumento da distância ter reduzido o número das aberturas de entrada de ar, torna os sheds mais efetivos para captar o fluxo de ar.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
161-176pp.
Author(s): Lukiantchuki, M.; Shimomura, A.; Marques da Silva, F.; Caram, R.
: Ambiente Construído
Editor: ANTAC (Associação Nacional de Tecnologia do Ambiente Construído)
Volume:
vol.18 no.2.
Keywords: Ventilação Natural; CFD
Info
Seismic vulnerability assessment of a RC pedestrian crossing
The paper addresses the seismic vulnerability assessment of a multispan footbridge, prone to span unseating due to shorter seat lengths. The structure is representative of a series of pedestrian crossings located in the Southern part of Portugal, a region with a relevant seismicity. A probabilistic approach allows considering the variability of the seismic action and uncertainties in the definition of the material properties and/or structural behavior. Based on incremental dynamic analyses and corresponding fragility curves, it is shown that, for code compliance design acceleration, there is a significant probability that the structure will only suffer minor damage.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
18p.
Author(s): Cismasiu, C.; Santos, F.; Perdigão, R.; Bernardo, V.; Candeias, P.; Carvalho, A. M.; Guerreiro, L.
: Journal of Earthquake Engineering
Editor: Taylor & Francis
Keywords: Dowel connection; Fragility curves; Incremental dynamic analysis; Operational modal analysis; Seismic vulnerability assessment; Rc footbridges
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Seismic vulnerability assessment of a RC pedestrian crossing
The paper addresses the seismic vulnerability assessment of a multi-span footbridge, prone to span unseating due to shorter seat lengths. The structure is representative of a series of pedestrian crossings located in the Southern part of Portugal, a region with a relevant seismicity. A probabilistic approach allows considering the variability of the seismic action and uncertainties in the definition of the material properties and/or structural behavior. Based on incremental dynamic analyses and corresponding fragility curves, it is shown that, for code compliance design acceleration, there is a significant probability that the structure will only suffer minor damage.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
18p.
Author(s): Cismasiu, C.; Santos, F.; Bernardo, V.; Candeias, P.; Carvalho, A. M.; Guerreiro, L.; Perdigão, Rui A. Silva
: Journal of Earthquake Engineering
Editor: Taylor & Francis
Keywords: Dowel connection; Fragility curves; Incremental dynamic analysis; Operational modal analysis; Seismic vulnerability assessment; Rc footbridges
Info
Shake table blind prediction tests: Contributions for improved fiber-based frame modelling
Distributed plasticity Euler-Bernoulli fiber beams are regularly used byresearchers and practitioners to simulate the nonlinear seismic responseof reinforced concrete framed structures. This study presents a sensitivityanalysis, combining newly proposed and existing goodness-of-fitmeasures, to identify commonly used engineering modeling optionsthat most critically influence the response accuracy. The dynamic behaviorof three distinct structures tested in international blind predictionchallenges is considered. Sensitivity parameters include equivalent viscousdamping, element formulation, strain penetration effects, andmaterial models. The results are critically discussed in light of theoreticalshortcomings of the model assumptions.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
42p.
Author(s): Sousa, R.; Almeida, J.P.; Correia, A.A.; Pinho, R.
: Journal of Earthquake Engineering
Editor: Taylor & Francis
Keywords: Material models; Strain penetration; Equivalent viscous damping; Fiber element formulation; Sensitivity analysis; Reinforced concrete frames; Shake table tests; Numerical validation
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Simulation and measurements of wind interference on a solar chimney performance
The solar chimney is a stack-induced ventilation strategy used to improve thermal performance in buildings. Besides operating via a buoyancy-driven airflow, even low velocity winds can affect the chimney functioning in both positive and negative ways. In technical literature, though, few studies have considered the influence of windspeed and direction, as well as discharge coefficients and wind pressure coefficients. This paper investigates the effects of wind interference on a solar chimney performance, through different scenarios of wind speed and direction, over a base case model. Wind tunnel experiments and computer simulations using EnergyPlus were carried out to perform qualitative and quantitative analyses of the airflow, as a function of the combined effect of thermal and wind components. Results showed that the airflow rate and distribution pattern at the outlet openings of the solar chimney are influenced by either the thermal gradients and, mainly, by the outdoor windvelocity and direction. A significant reduction in the volumetric flow rate of the chimney is observed due to wind incidence opposite to the inlet opening, even at low velocities, such as 0.6 m/s.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
135-145pp.
Author(s): Neves, L.; Marques da Silva, F.
: Journal of wind engineering and industrial aerodynamics
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
179.
Keywords: Wind tunnel; Buoyancy; Solar chemney
Info
Caracterização do comportamento sísmico de edifícios de betão armado representativos do edificado português sem dimensionamento sismorresistente
Uma parte significativa do edificado em Portugal não foi dimensionada para resistir a ações sísmicas. Como tal, o recente impulso do sector da reabilitação pode representar uma oportunidade única para promover a redução da vulnerabilidade sísmica dos edifícios existentes. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para avaliar a vulnerabilidade sísmica duma classe de edifícios de betão armado que permite estabelecer indicadores simplificados do seu desempenho estrutural expectável. A metodologia proposta baseia-se num estudo numérico detalhado do comportamento sísmico de edifícios de betão armado com características representativas duma parte significativa do edificado deste tipo em Portugal, simulando de forma adequada os principais aspetos da sua resposta estrutural. Os resultados obtidos pela metodologia desenvolvida permitem identificar as principais vulnerabilidades do edificado e quantificar indicadores de desempenho estrutural que permitem avaliar de forma expedita a sua segurança estrutural.
Year: 2017
Number Pages:
105-114pp.
Author(s): Sousa, R.; Costa, A.; Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Romão, X.
: RPEE
Editor: LNEC
Volume:
Série III, N.º 3.
Keywords: Indicador de desempenho estrutural; Comportamento sísmico; Betão armado; Reabilitação
Info
Carga aerodinâmica em sombreamentos em cascata
A arquitetura recorre, por vezes, a dispositivos de sombreamento de grandes dimensões, com formas e configurações de montagem cuja resposta à ação do vento carece de caracterização. Este facto condiciona o correto dimensionamento dos apoios e, em menor escala, a determinação do próprio material de construção dos dispositivos.As dimensões dos elementos constituintes destes dispositivos dificultam o recurso a ensaios com modelos reduzidos pelo que se recorreu a um modelo seccional do dispositivo à escala real, sujeito ao escoamento proveniente de um túnel de vento de jacto livre. As características específicas deste ensaio, nomeadamente a geometria do perfil de sombreamento e respetivos suportes, gama de forças e a necessidade de minimizar a obstrução adicionada pela instrumentação ao escoamento, ditaram o desenvolvimento de uma solução particular para a medição das forças aerodinâmicas.O ensaio permitiu avaliar as cargas induzidas pelo escoamento para vários ângulos de incidência fazendo variar a inclinação do modelo relativamente ao jacto através de um suporte articulado onde se montou o modelo seccional, permitindo assim caracterizar o desempenho aerodinâmico do perfil na aplicação em estudo.
Year: 2017
Number Pages:
8p.
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.; Morais, P.; Pereira, I.; Bairrão, R.; Morais, J.
: Mecânica Experimental
Editor: APAET
Volume:
nº 29.
Keywords: Cascatas; Ação do vento
Info
Shape memory alloy based dampers for earthquake response mitigation
This paper describes the development process and initial tests performed with a new energy dissipation damper based on Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) wires. The aim of this study was to develop a new iteration of this type of devices, and eventually develop a methodology to properly design them for any type of application. The underlying concept of our device is the use of a double counteracting system of pre-strained SMA wire sections as the dissipating component. By using pre-strained wires, this design focuses on maximizing energy dissipation, partially relinquishing the re-centering capabilities of the device.The experimental part was performed on a downscaled prototype based on this design methodology. The goal of this study was to validate the basic mechanical concepts. The device was subjected to a considerable number of load cycling tests, in order to better characterize the SMA wire behavior when used in this arrangement and to improve our understanding of their influence on the device's capabilities.
Year: 2017
Number Pages:
705-712pp.
Author(s): Morais, J.; Gil de Morais, P.; Santos, C.; Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.
: Procedia Structural Integrity
Editor: Elsevier
Volume:
Vol. 5.
Keywords: Earthquake Response; Shape Memory Alloy; Vibration Damper
Info
Application of SASHA to seismic hazard for Portugal mainland.
In the frame of the UPStrat-MAFA
Year: 2016
Number Pages:
1827
Author(s): Carvalho, A. M.; Albarello, D.
: Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Volume 14, Issue 7.
Keywords: Portugal; Macroseismic intensity; Seismic hazard
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Comunicação
Info
Avaliação da vulnerabilidade de estruturas e ensaios sísmicos
Apresenta-se uma abordagem para a avaliação de vulnerabilidade de estruturas com base em resultados experimentais obtidos em ensaios sísmicos, num contexto de análise de fragilidade para avaliação do risco sísmico. É proposta uma metodologia para obtenção da vulnerabilidade experimental de modelos ensaiados para níveis crescentes de excitação, e estimar a fragilidade com base em ensaios sísmicos.
Year: 1999
Number Pages:
95-106pp.
Author(s): Coelho, E.; Campos Costa, A.; Cansado Carvalho, E.; Luísa Sousa, M.
Editor: Universidade do Algarve
Volume:
Vol. 2.
Keywords: Ensaios sísmicos; Vulnerabilidade de estruturas
Info
Caracterização dinâmica experimental da ponte Miguel Torga
Nesta comunicação apresenta-se um estudo de caracterização dinâmica da Ponte Miguel Torga com base em ensaios dinâmicos in-situ. Estes ensaios foram efetuados antes da abertura da ponte ao tráfego tendo consistido na medição das vibrações induzidas pelo tráfego de camiões carregados. Descrevem-se as técnicas de análise dos registos de aceleração, apresentando-se as características dinâmicas da ponte identificadas a partir dessa análise.
Year: 1999
Number Pages:
551-562pp.
Author(s): Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.
Editor: Universidade do Algarve
Volume:
Vol.1.
Keywords: Caracterização dinâmica; Ponte Miguel Torga
Info
Contribuição para a revisão da ação sísmica em Portugal Continental no contexto do Eurocódigo 8
Desde a publicação em 1993 do regulamento português (RSA), onde são definidas as zonas sísmicas para o território e a respetiva ação, têm sido efetuados diversos estudos sobre casualidade e movimentos sísmicos intensos. É objetivo desta comunicação apresentar estudos recentes nesta matéria e os problemas encontrados com a aplicação do Eurocódigo 8 (EC-8), parte 1-1, para se dar inicio a uma oportuna revisão da regulamentação em vigor.
Year: 1999
Number Pages:
153-164pp.
Author(s): Oliveira, C.S.; Luísa Sousa, M.; Campos Costa, A.
Editor: Universidade do Algarve
Volume:
Vol.1.
Keywords: Zonamento sísmico; Eurocódigo 8
Info
Definição de ação sísmica no âmbito do documento nacional de aplicação (DNA) do Eurocódigo 8
Apresenta-se a proposta para o Documento nacional de Aplicação (DNA) elaborado de acordo com o disposto na Pré-Norma Europeia ENV 1998-1-1:1994, Eurocódigo 8
Year: 1999
Number Pages:
77-94pp.
Author(s): Cansado Carvalho, E.; Oliveira, C.S.; Campos Costa, A.; Luísa Sousa, M.
Editor: Universidade do Algarve
Volume:
Vol. 2.
Keywords: Zonamento sísmico; Dimensionamento sísmico
Info
A crise sísmica do Faial / Pico /São Jorge iniciada com o sismo de 9 de Julho de 1998 vista na rede acelerográfica dos Açores
Às 05h19m TUC do dia 9 de Julho de 1998 as ilhas do Grupo Central do Arquipélago dos Açores foram sacudidas por um forte sismo de magnitude md
Year: 1998
Number Pages:
6p.
Author(s): Oliveira, C.S.; Luísa Sousa, M.; Campos Costa, A.; Martins, A.; Correia Guedes, J.H.
Editor: APMG
Keywords: Rede acelerográfica; Sismo de 9 julho de 1998
Info
Experimental modal analysis of bridge structures: Case studies
The knowledge of the actual dynamic properties (natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios) of bridge structures is extremely important to study the behavior of those structures in relation to seismic, wind or even traffic loads. Furthermore, the experimentally determined dynamic properties of a structure are an effective way to characterize its actual global behavior since they depend on its stiffness and mass distribution. The experimental modal analysis of bridges can be performed from the results of ambient vibration tests carried out on those civil engineering structures, with some advantages in relation to other types of in-situ dynamic tests. Ambient vibration tests have been recently conducted on two main bridges of the Portuguese roads network, a concrete arch bridge and a cable-stayed bridge. The tests carried out on the two bridges, the analysis techniques and the main results that were obtained are presented in this paper.
Year: 1998
Number Pages:
12p.
Author(s): Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.
Editor: Balkema, Rotterdam
Keywords: Bridge structures; Ambient vibration test; Modal analysis
Info
Experimental study of the behavior of masonry infilled RC frames under horizontal actions
This paper reports an experimental study aiming at the analysis of the behavior under horizontal actions of reinforced concrete frames infilled with different brick masonry walls, conducted at the Centre for studies and Equipment in Earthquake Engineering (C3ES) of the national Laboratory for Civil Engineering of Portugal (LNEC).Nine models, in a scale 2:3, were tested, named: two bare frames, four fully infilled frames and three infilled frames with a window opening. Two different horizontal histories of displacements under identical velocities were imposed at the level of the beam centerline: cyclic (six models) and monotonic (three models). Constant vertical forces were applied at the top of the columns in order to reproduce the effect of the upper floors of a building. The characteristics of the models, the test set-up and instrumentation and the testing procedure are reported. Some results of this experimental study are also presented and analysed.
Year: 1998
Number Pages:
12p.
Author(s): Pires, F.; Campos Costa, A.; Coelho, E.; Rodrigues, J.
Editor: University of Alberta and the Canadian Masonry Research Institute (CMRI)
Keywords: Reinforced concrete frames; Shaking table LNEC
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Experimental study of the behavior under horizontal actions of repaired masonry infilled R/C frames
This paper reports part of an experimental work conducted at LNEC/C3ES (Centre for Studies and Equipments in Earthquake Engineering) aiming at analyzing the behavior of R/C bare and infilled frames subjected to horizontal loads and the effectiveness of different repair procedures. Three models in a 2:3 scale were tested. One of these models was only a bare R/C frame and the other two were R/C frames fully infilled with brick masonry. In a first phase the models were tested under horizontal cyclic actions that caused severe damage in the infill walls and also some damage in the R/C frames. In a second phase the models were repaired and subjected again to horizontal cyclic actions. Different repair techniques were used for the two infilled models. The assessment of the models behavior, before and after repair, is presented in terms of strength, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation and failure mechanisms.
Year: 1998
Number Pages:
13p.
Author(s): Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.; Pires, F.
Editor: Balkema, Rotterdam
Keywords: Experimental tests; Masonry; Infilled frames; Repair techniques
Info
Seismic risk: Methods and application to Portugal
The object of this paper is to improve the probabilistic methodology to evaluate seismic losses in a given area, considering the randomness of the buildings vulnerability. Probabilistic methods for the evaluation of seismic losses are used taking into account both (i) the seismic hazard in the area and (ii) the seismic vulnerability of the existing stock of buildings. The distribution of losses is obtained convolving the probability distribution of seismic hazard (Beta distribution) with the conditional probability distribution of vulnerability, given a macroseismic intensity (Lognormal distribution), for a known stock of buildings. The above-described methodology is applied to the Portuguese continental country. The number of housing units per county as a function of the epoch of construction, available from the Portuguese Census 91 is the data base for the application of the model.
Year: 1998
Number Pages:
11p.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Luísa Sousa, M.
Editor: Balkema
Keywords: Probable losses; Portugal; Vulnerabitlity; Seismic hazard; Seismic risk
Info
Shaking table tests on reinforced concrete infilled frames
This paper presents an experimental study on the behaviour of reinforced concrete infilled frames, carried out at the shaking table of the Centre for Earthquake Studies of LNEC, in Lisbon, within the 2nd phase of the European Programme ECOEST II, by request of the University of Patras. Five three-dimensional structures were tested, at real scale, with one storey and one bay in each of the two orthogonal directions of the horizontal plan. A biaxial seismic excitation was considered based on the adaptation of the records of two orthogonal horizontal components of the Patras 1993 earthquake, taking into account the inertial characteristics of the shaking table. The tests carried out are summarised, describing the test set-up and instrumentation, as well as the methodology used. The experimental results obtained are outlined and analysed.
Year: 1998
Number Pages:
12p.
Author(s): Coelho, E.; Campos Costa, A.; Rodrigues, J.
Editor: Balkema, Rotterdam
Keywords: Shaking table tests; Masonry infilled frames; Reinforced concrete
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Books
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Historical earthquake-resistant timber framing in the mediterranean area
This book presents a selection of the best papers from the HEaRT 2015 conference, held in Lisbon, Portugal, which provided a valuable forum for engineers and architects, researchers and educators to exchange views and findings concerning the technological history, construction features and seismic behavior of historical timber-framed walls in the Mediterranean countries. The topics covered are wide ranging and include historical aspects and examples of the use of timber-framed construction systems in response to earthquakes, such as the gaiola system in Portugal and the Bourbon system in southern Italy; interpretation of the response of timber-framed walls to seismic actions based on calculations and experimental tests; assessment of the effectiveness of repair and strengthening techniques, e.g., using aramid fiber wires or sheets; and modelling analyses. In addition, on the basis of case studies, a methodology is presented that is applicable to diagnosis, strengthening and improvement of seismic performance and is compatible with modern theoretical principles and conservation criteria. It is hoped that, by contributing to the knowledge of this construction technique, the book will help to promote conservation of this important component of Europe
Year: 2016
Number Pages:
468p.
Author(s): Cruz, H.; Saporiti Machado, J.; Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Catarino, J. M.
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 1.
Keywords: Heart 2015 Conference; Historic Masonry; Performance-based Assessment; Structural Health Monitoring; Timber-Framed Construction Systems; Seismic-Resistant Timber Frames; Historical Constructive Analysis; Historical Timber-Framed Walls
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Assessment of the seismic capacity of stone masonry walls with block models
The applications of discrete elements models based on rigid block formulations to the analysis of masonry walls under horizontal out-of-plane loading is simplified block pattern are addressed. Two procedures for creating irregular block systems are presented, one using Voronoi polygons, the other based on a bed and cross joint structure with random deviations. A test problem provides a comparison of various regular and random block patterns, showing their influence on the failure loads. The estimation of manual frequencies of rigid block models, and its application to static pushover analyses, is addressed. An example of application of rigid block model to wall capacity problem is presented.
Year: 2011
Number Pages:
221-236pp.
Author(s): Lemos, J. V.; Campos Costa, A.; Bretas, E. M.
: Computational Methods in Earthquake Engineering
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 21.
Keywords: RTigid blocks; Discrete elements; Seismic assessment; Masonry structures
Info
Earthquake disaster scenario prediction and loss modelling for urban areas
The overall aim of Sub-Project 10 (Earthquake disaster scenario predictions and loss modelling for urban areas) has been to create a tool, based on state-of-the-art loss modelling software, to provide strong, quantified statements about the benefits of a range of possible mitigation actions, in order to support decision-making by urban authorities for seismic risk mitigation strategies. A further larger aim has been to contribute to a seismic risk mitigation policy for future implementation at European level. Among the European cities for which loss estimation studies have been carried out are Istanbul, Lisbon and Thessaloniki, and tools, using GIS mapping, have been developed by research teams in each of these cities; these were made available for further development to examine mitigation strategies within SP10. Related research studies
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
180p.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Carvalho, A. M.
Editor: IUSS Press
Keywords: Shaking scenarios
Info
European manual for in-situ assessment of important existing structures. LessLoss Sub Project 5-In-situ assessment, monitoring and typification of buildings and infrastructure
Much work in Earthquake Engineering was devoted to the improvement of earthquake resistant design of new structures. One European result is EN 1998, which will be in several years the main seismic code for all European countries. But it is well known, that older existing structures cause in many large earthquakes much more casualties and damages than new structures. It is certainly not possible to retrofit all existing structures, but agreement exists, that assessment and retrofit of safety - critical - structures and lifeline structures must have priority. In September 2004 the European Integrated Research Project LESSLOSS on Risk Mitigation for Earthquakes and Landslides was started. The project will run for three years and comprises 13 Sub-Projects (SP´s). The consortium consists of 46 partners (see http:\\www.lessloss.org). LESSLOSS SP5 is on In-situ Assessment, Monitoring and Typification of buildings and Infrastructure. The project partners of SP5 are ARS, CESI, LNEC, RWTH and VCE. This Sub Project focuses mainly on the assessment of important existing structures and tries to integrate experimental methods into the assessment procedure. The progress of SP5 obtained in the first year is summarized in this paper. Highlights presented by all partners are mentioned and the assessment of Hospital Innsbruck is presented in more detail. The most innovative task of LESSLOSS/ SP5 is Update of vulnerability estimates via monitoring, which was also started in the first year.
Year: 2007
Number Pages:
195p.
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Mendes, L.; Flesch, R.; Pellegrini, R.; Friedl, H.; Hoffmeister, B.; Oppe, M.; Veit-Egerer, R.; Wenzel, H.; Eusebio, M.
Editor: IUSS Press
Keywords: Structures; Earthquake
Info
Modal analysis from ambient vibration survey of bridges: LNEC experience
In order to study the behavior of bridge structures in relation to traffic, wind and seismic loads, it is extremely important to know their actual dynamic properties (natural frequencies, vibration mode shapes and damping). The experimentally identified dynamic properties of bridge structures are also an effective way to characterize their actual global structural behavior. Whether included in the reception load tests of recently built bridges, before they are opened to the traffic, or as part of the inspection works of bridges already in service, LNEC has performed modal analysis studies based on the results of ambient vibration tests. Some of the studies carried out recently in important bridges are reported in this paper.
Year: 1999
Number Pages:
712-718pp.
Author(s): Rodrigues, J.; Campos Costa, A.
: Proceedings of the 17th International Modal Analysis Conference : February 8 - 11, 1999 / IMAC XVII.
Editor: SEM
Volume:
Vol. 3727.
Keywords: Dynamic properties; Bridge structures
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O Sismo de Northridge, Los Angeles, de 17 Janeiro de 1994. Ensinamentos para Portugal.
O sismo de Northridge ocorreu na parte norte da área metropolitana de Los Angeles, Califórnia, às 4:31 h do dia 17 de janeiro, uma segunda-feira coincidente com dia de feriado nacional, tendo atingindo uma magnitude de 6.6 na escala de Richter. O número total de vítimas mortais cifra-se em 57, havendo para cima de 8 000 feridos e 20 000 desalojados.As estimativas de perdas totais, feitas em meados de fevereiro de 1994, apontavam para valores de 15 biliões de US dólares, tendo o Estado da Califórnia apresentado um impacto económico total de ordem dos 30 biliões de dólares, perto do valor do Orçamento Geral do estado Português para 1994. Os prejuízos infligidos na indústria e no comércio são também surpreendentemente elevados, exigindo longos períodos de interrupção das atividades económicas.
Year: 1995
Number Pages:
165p.
Author(s): Oliveira, C.S.; Costa, A.; Campos Costa, A.; Azevedo, J.; Delgado, R.M.
Editor: IST e FEUP
Keywords: Northridge earthquake; Earthquake effects
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Capítulo de Livro
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Shaping favorable beliefs towards seismic protection through risk communication: A pilot-experience in two Lisbon schools (Portugal).
Communicating science within disaster risk reduction using methods that encourage two-way dialogue between scientists and laypersons is a challenging task. This paper aims at presenting a methodological strategy of communicating risk and non-structural seismic protection measures through participatory approach. Such methodological strategy is part of a pilot experience of risk communication in two schools in Lisbon (Portugal) under the EU project KnowRISK (Know your city, Reduce seISmic risK through non-structural elements). The efficacy of education for seismic safety is often inhibited by an incomplete understanding of the process by which individuals decide to protect themselves from harm (Becker JS, Paton D,Johnston DM, Ronan KR. Nat Hazards 64(1):107
Year: 2019
Number Pages:
445-458pp.
Author(s): Silva, D. S.; Vicente, M.; Pereira, A.; Candeias, P.; Ferreira, M.A.; Oliveira, C.S.; Bernardo, R.; Lopes, M.; Henriques, P.
: Proceedings of the International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics
Editor: Springer Link
Volume:
Volume 47.
Keywords: Non-structural; Protective behaviours; Risk communication; Seismic risk
Info
Characterization of timber masonry walls with dynamic tests
Most of the Lisbon 18th century timber-framed masonry
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
299-309pp.
Author(s): Gonçalves, A.; Candeias, P.; Guerreiro, L.; Ferreira, J.; Campos Costa, A.
: Historical earthquake-resistant timber framing in the mediterranean area
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 1.
Keywords: Shaking table tests; Timber-masonry walls;
Info
KnowRISK practical guide for mitigation of seismic risk due to non-structural components
Good performance of non-structural elements can be decisive in saving lives and costs when an earthquake strikes. The European project KnowRISK aims to educate and encourage households to take the necessary precautionary measures to protect people, houses, and contents. Preparedness and prevention act on community resilience. Within the KnowRISK project, the idea of a Practical Guide has been conceived suggesting seismic mitigation solutions for non-structural components to non-experts stakeholders. It is intended to guide people into the first steps of prevention in a straightforward manner, minimizing or avoiding injuries, damage, and long-term financial consequences. The novelty of the Guide belongs to his philosophy: a path through increasing challenges corresponds to a growing level of safety. The idea is that anyone can mitigate seismic risk in its own environment by adopting simple and low cost measures. The Practical Guide may contribute to increase risk awareness. This kind of initiatives if undertaken at larger scales may also enhance social resilience.
Year: 2018
Number Pages:
309-321pp.
Author(s): Ferreira, M.A.; Oliveira, C.S.; Lopes, M.; Musacchio, G; Candeias, P.; Vicente, M.; Silva, D. S.; O
: Proceedings of the International Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics
Editor: Springer Link
Volume:
Volume 47.
Keywords: Practical guide; Community resilience; Preparedness; Non-structural elements
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Elastic and inelastic analyses of frames with a force-based higher-order 3D beam element accounting for axial-flexural-sheartorsional interaction
When one of the dimensions of a structural member is not clearly larger than the two orthogonal ones, engineers are usually compelled to simulate it with refined meshes of shell or solid finite elements that typically impose a large computational burden. The alternative use of classical beam theories, either based on Euler-Bernoulli or Timoshenko
Year: 2016
Number Pages:
109-128pp.
Author(s): Correia, A.A.; Almeida, J.P.; Pinho, R.
: Computational Methods in Applied Sciences
Editor: Springer
Volume:
Vol. 3.
Keywords: Inelastic response; Boundary conditions; Flexural-shear-torsional interaction; Higher-order; Force-based; Beam element
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A finite-fault modeling of the 1755 Lisbon earthquake sources
A non
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
433-454.
Author(s): Carvalho, A. M.; Campos Costa, A.; Sousa Oliveira, C.
Editor: L.A. Mendes-Victor et al. (eds)
Keywords: Earthquake scenarios; Finite-fault modeling
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Simulating earthquake scenarios in the european project Lessloss: the case of Lisbon
N/A
Year: 2009
Number Pages:
233-243.
Author(s): Zonno, G.; Carvalho, A. M.; Franceschina, G.; Akinci, A.; Campos Costa, A.; Coelho, E.; Cultrera, G.; Pacor, F.; Pessina, V.; Cocco, M.
Editor: L.A. Mendes-Victor et al. (eds)
Keywords: Earthquake scenarios
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Shaking table testing
This text reflects the first of the four lectures that the author has presented at Udine, Italy, at CISM
Year: 2008
Number Pages:
165-196pp.
Author(s): Bairrão, R.
Editor: Springer Verlag
Keywords: Shaking table testing
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Tese de Doutoramento
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Modelos estocáticos para a caracterização da acção sísmica em Portugal Continental
Um dos principais problemas e interesses da engenharia sísmica é a caracterizaçãoda acção sísmica, envolvendo a estimativa da intensidade, conteúdo em frequência,duração e variabilidade espacial dos movimentos intensos do solo mais gravosos, emtermos dos seus efeitos nas estruturas, que pode ocorrer num local.O presente trabalho de investigação desenvolve e aplica a metodologia estocástica etécnicas de modelação de fonte
Year: 2009
Author(s): Carvalho, A. M.
Keywords: Portugal continental; Risco sísmico; Fonte sísmica; Modelos estocásticos; Acção sísmica
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Risco sísmico em Portugal Continental
Os sismos são encarados frequentemente como desastres naturais inevitáveis. Todavia,deveriam ser considerados fenómenos naturais, cujos efeitos adversos podem ser minimizadoscaso se proceda a uma gestão efectiva do risco sísmico.O objectivo principal do presente trabalho de investigação é o de avaliar o risco sísmicoem Portugal Continental.Sendo um tema de natureza multidisciplinar, apresentam-se e discutem-se modelos deavaliação probabilística da perigosidade sísmica e sua desagregação, de vulnerabilidade efragilidade sísmicas de tipologias construtivas, de danos e de perdas económicas e humanas.Aplica-se a análise probabilística da perigosidade sísmica, e sua desagregação, aPortugal Continental, obtendo-se cenários modais capazes de reproduzir os níveis deperigosidade que os condicionam. Apresenta-se o inventário do parque habitacional e seushabitantes, descriminado por factores de vulnerabilidade, e classifica-se a sua vulnerabilidadesegundo os modelos de dano. Procede-se à actualização e aferição de uma metodologia parasimulação de cenários sísmicos, integrada num Sistema de Informação Geográfico. Avalia-seo risco sísmico, seguindo diversas abordagens, comparando-se os resultados com o risco deoutros países.Construiu-se assim uma ferramenta de avaliação de perdas devidas a sismos, queconstitui uma primeira contribuição para o desenvolvimento de um processo de gestão dorisco sísmico aplicado ao Continente Português.
Year: 2009
Author(s): Sousa, M. L.
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Avaliação da vulnerabilidade sísmica de edifícios de alvenaria
O parque habitacional de Portugal Continental contém algumas tipologias construtivas deelevada vulnerabilidade sísmica em relação às quais urge actuar no sentido de reduzir o riscosísmico a elas associado. No projecto de investigação
Year: 2008
Author(s): Candeias, P.
Keywords: Reforço sísmico; Vulnerabilidade sísmica; Ensaios sísmicos; Edifícios
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Relatório Científico
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Avaliação de risco sísmico do edifício Sede I da EDP - Ensaios in situ de caracterização dinâmica e do comportamento mecânico da estrutura do edifício relatório final
O presente estudo teve como objetivo a caracterização dinâmica e do comportamento mecânico da estrutura do edifício Sede I da EDP, para uma adequada simulação do seu comportamento sísmico. Neste relatório descrevem-se os ensaios de identificação dinâmica in situ realizados, com base em vibrações ambiente e em vibrações forçadas, com o objetivo de recolher informação sobre as propriedades dinâmicas da estrutura como um todo e das suas lajes dos pisos elevados em particular. Foi efetuado o registo e a análise dos sinais de aceleração devido a vibração ambiente, medidos em diversos pontos do edifício, bem como devido a vibrações forçadas impostas num dos pisos enterrados do edifício. São também apresentados e analisados os ensaios de caracterização do comportamento mecânico de componentes estruturais relacionadas com a ligação das lajes mistas dos pisos elevados às paredes dos núcleos resistentes de betão armado do edifício. Estes consistem em ensaios destrutivos de troços de laje mista ligados aos núcleos, por meio de varões selados à parede, e em ensaios de arrancamento desses varões, tendo como objetivo caracterizar os materiais e componentes dos elementos estruturais. Esta informação é essencial para a posterior calibração dos modelos numéricos da estrutura e para uma realista simulação do seu comportamento sísmico, bem como para uma eventual deteção de anomalias estruturais decorrentes de patologias que possam comprometer o desempenho do edifício face à ocorrência de sismos.
Year: 2022
Author(s): Correia, A.A.; Candeias, P.; Ribeiro, F.; Gomes, J. P.
Keywords: Comportamento mecânico; Ensaios in situ; Vibração ambiente; Vibração forçada; Identificação dinâmica
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Metodologia para a avaliação da segurança sísmica de edifícios existentes baseada em análises de fiabilidade estrutural - Edifícios de betão armado
A avaliação da segurança sísmica de edifícios existentes tem como quadro de referência o Eurocódigo 8
Year: 2019
Author(s): Sousa, R.; Campos Costa, A.; Costa, A.
Keywords: Análise de fiabilidade estrutural; Metodologias expeditas; Avaliação da segurança sísmica; Edifícios existentes
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Mapas de perigosidade sísmica para Portugal Continental: Uma análise crítica - Parte I
Nos estudos probabilísticos para avaliação da perigosidade sísmica, são estabelecidas zonas de geração sísmica (zonas sismogénicas), representando regiões que partilham as mesmas caraterísticas sismológicas, tectónicas e geológicas e definidas as relações entre a frequência com que aí ocorrem os sismos e as respetivas magnitudes, num dado período de tempo. Em 2006, para o Anexo Nacional do Eurocódigo 8, foram consideradas e caraterizadas 11 zonas Sismogénicas para Portugal continental, adaptadas de estudos previamente elaborados em 1996. Entre 2008 e 2009, no âmbito dos projetos ERSTA e SHARE, foram propostas novas zonas sismogénicas, e estimados os respetivos parâmetros da lei de frequência - magnitude. Estas diferentes propostas resultaram em diferentes mapas de perigosidade sísmica para Portugal continental. A SPES, Sociedade Portuguesa de Engenharia Sísmica, espelhando a inquietude existente na comunidade científica face às diversas expressões da perigosidade sísmica em Portugal, e consciente da necessidade de um consenso perante os agentes decisores, considerou urgente a realização de um estudo criterioso acerca das opções tomadas, nos diferentes estudos, e suas implicações. É nestecontexto que surge este trabalho, que pretende fazer uma análise crítica e comparativa dos resultadosobtidos nos diferentes estudos mencionados e as suas implicações ao nível dos períodos de retorno para sismos de maior magnitude. Numa parte II, serão estudadas as implicações em termos de valores da perigosidade sísmica, para vários períodos de retorno e frequências espetrais.
Year: 2018
Author(s): Carvalho, A. M.; Malfeito, N.
Keywords: Sismos; Períodos de retorno; Perigosidade sísmica
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Segurança estrutural e sísmica das construções nas intervenções de reabilitação - Enquadramento jurídico da reabilitação urbana síntese dos instrumentos jurídicos e conceitos relevantes
O presente relatório, elaborado no âmbito de um estudo em curso no LNEC sobre a segurança sísmica das construções nas intervenções de reabilitação, sintetiza os instrumentos jurídicos e os conceitos relevantes para a análise do atual regime jurídico da reabilitação urbana (RJRU), e do regime excecional de reabilitação urbana (RERU).
Year: 2015
Author(s): Coelho, E.
Keywords: Instrumentos legais; Reabilitação urbana; Segurança sísmica
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Assessment of innovative solutions for non
This document reports the outcomes of the research project
Year: 2013
Author(s): Correia, A.A.; Candeias, P.; Campos Costa, A.; Coelho, E.; Vintzileou, E.; Palieraki, V.; Lourenço, P.; Leite, J.
Keywords: Innovative test setup; Shaking table test; Wire mesh coating reinforcement; Bed joint reinforcement; Reinforced concrete frames; Non-load bearing masonry enclosures
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Seismic performance of multi-storey timber buildings - Rusticasa building
This document reports the outcome of the seismic test on the Rusticasa building, the first in a total of four buildings included in the TIMBER BUILDINGS Project. This building is a log house system (LHS). The goal of the tests was to assess the seismic performance of the building, panel elements and steel connectors, defined in terms of relative displacements and hold-down forces.
Year: 2013
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Lourenço, P.; Branco , J.; Aranha, C.
Keywords: Steel connectors; Shaking table test; Log house system (LHS); Timber buildings
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Seismic performance of multi-storey timber buildings - LegnoCase building
This document reports the outcome of the seismic test on the LegnoCase building, the second in a total of four buildings included in the TIMBER BUILDINGS Project. This building is a platform frame system with sheathing assembled by means of OSB panels (PF-OSB). The goal of the tests was to assess the seismic performance of the building, panel elements and steel connectors, defined in terms of relative displacements and hold-down forces.
Year: 2013
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Piazza, M.; Bartolucci, C.; Tomasi, R.; Grossi, P.
Keywords: Shaking table test; Steel connectors; OSB panels; Timber buildings
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Seismic performance of multi-storey timber buildings - Rubnerhaus building
This document reports the outcome of the seismic test on the RubnerHaus building, the third in a total of four buildings included in the TIMBER BUILDINGS Project. This building is a platform frame system with sheathing assembled by means of gypsum fibre panel (PF-GF). The goal of the tests was to assess the seismic performance of the building, panel elements and steel connectors, defined in terms of relative displacements and hold-down forces.
Year: 2013
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Piazza, M.; Tomasi, R.; Grossi, P.
Keywords: Shaking table test; Steel connectors; Gypsum fibre panel (PF-GF); Timber buildings
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Seismic performance of multi-storey timber buildings - TUGraz building
This document reports the outcome of the seismic test on the TUGraz building, the fourth in a total of four buildings included in the TIMBER BUILDINGS Project. This building is a cross laminated system (CTL). The goal of the tests was to assess the seismic performance of the building, panel elements and steel connectors, defined in terms of relative displacements and hold-down forces.
Year: 2013
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Schickhofer, G.; Flatscher, G.
Keywords: Shaking table test; Steel connectors; Cross laminated system (CTL); Timber buildings
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The LNEC earthquake engineering testing facility. Background information: LNEC testing facility, testing setup and protocol and data processing
The TIMBER BUILDINGS Project, led by the University of Trento, included testing of four full scale multi-story timber houses with a realistic horizontal plan and three types of timber housing systems: platform frame system (PFS), log house system (LHS) and cross laminated timber (CLT). The tests were carried in the LNEC-3D shake table under different levels of excitation and different conditions of the structure.The tests were carried with the goal of assessing the seismic performance of the buildings, panel elements and steel connectors, defined in terms of relative displacements and hold-down forces.The results were presented in separate reports, one for each building. This document contains information common to the remaining four reports.
Year: 2013
Author(s): Campos Costa, A.; Candeias, P.; Piazza, M.; Tomasi, R.; Lourenço, P.; Branco , J.; Schickhofer, G.; Flatscher, G.
Keywords: Equipment; Shaking Table; Timber buildings
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Outro
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Sensibilidade climática, capacidade adaptativa e de vulnerabilidades atuais e futuras da AML
Análise dos registos históricos de eventos climáticos e o seu impacto no setor da energia da AML, para identificar o grau em que este setor foi afetado por estímulos relacionados com o clima. Avaliação de capacidades adaptativas.
Year: 2019
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.; Pinto, A.; Machado, P.
Keywords: Energia; Alterações climáticas
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A propósito da forma na engenharia do vento
Análise da forma das edificações nas ações do vento
Year: 2018
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.
Keywords: Engenharia do vento; Aerodinãmica
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Forma e desenho urbano - efeitos na ventilação
As condicionantes arquitetónicas e de urbanização na ventilação natural
Year: 2018
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.
Keywords: Engenharia do vento; Ventilação
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Wind and structures
Caracterização do vento. Ações sobre estruturas. Ensaios em túnel de vento
Year: 2017
Author(s): Marques da Silva, F.
Keywords: Wind tunnel; Actions on structures; Wind engineering
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