Capítulos de livros

The use of Building Information Modelling (BIM) is growing in the Architecture, Engineering, Construction and Operation (AECO) sector. BIM is an innovative methodology that enables a new approach to construction information management, based on the design of a virtual information model, and which presupposes a new paradigm in the way information exchange processes are treated among the various stakeholders throughout the asset

Public open space is a subject that belongs to us all. Every time we leave our homes, our private territory, we enter a space we have to share with others. Public space is the place for social interactions, strengthening sociability and ultimately exercising democracy. As a subject of study, public space has also long been analysed, explored and researched in various ways and under different guises, by planners, landscape architects and designers, anthropologists, social and cultural geographers, and urban historians. They all bring evidence on the role of public space in urban life, in the quality of urban environment and in the construction of cultural identity. Consequently, public space should deserve serious consideration by all - starting with those in charge and who hold regulatory responsibilities for those who use the places and ultimately give them life. As the UN-Habitat (2015) rightly recognises, a public space represents a key resource for social cohesion, economic development, and in particular liveability in urban settings. Public space is a resource that critically affects community values and positively impacts the quality of urban life. Backed by these premises, this book is about the co-creation of public open spaces, an issue at the core of the C3Places Project. To better understand the process, particularly the values of engaging people in the production of public space, is one of the C3Places’ objectives. The project is developing strategies and tools to help increase the quality and responsiveness of public spaces. In this process, the Project also aims to better understand how Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can influence co-creation and social cohesion. The chapters of this book bring science a little closer to the knowledge about the design, production and management of public spaces. 37 authors responded to the Project’s call to share experiences, visions and reflections on how co-creation and participatory processes can create possibilities for a sustainable and equitable future.

Over the last few decades, the architecture, engineering, construction and operation (AECO) sector did not follow the technological evolution observed in other sectors. Although there have been technological innovations, which include BIM and the Protocol for Standardization of Technical Construction Information (ProNIC

Face à metamorfose que se presencia na região da Avenida Almirante Reis, este capítulo discute a sua correlação com a criação de um novo discurso sobre a diversidade sociocultural. A partir do apelo a determinadas expressões — por exemplo, mundo e mundos — para enunciar a diversidade local, sugere-se a crescente transfiguração do discurso e a conexão com a economia cultural amplamente estimulada pela intervenção ali protagonizada. No desenvolvimento desta reflexão, privilegia-se o discurso produzido pela comunicação social.

The Sado valley surroundings, upstream of Alcácer do Sal, display a relatively high density of Late Mesolithic sites, dated between ca.8400-7000 cal BP (e.g. Arias et al., 2015, Peyroteo-Stjerna, 2016; Figure 1). Those sites are described in the archaeological literature as shell middens by the abundance of remains of estuarine invertebrates such as Scrobicularia plana and Cerastoderma edule (e.g. Arnaud, 2000; Carvalho, 2009; Diniz and Arias, 2012; Arias et al., 2017), despite its location more than 25km upstream of the current outer estuary. Besides shells and shell fragments, fish remains from coastal waters species such as Argyrosomus regius, Galeorhinus galeus, Dicentrarchus labrax and Sparus aurata were also found in some of these middens (Gabriel et al. 2012).

Conventional treatment processes for the removal of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins are thoroughly described in this chapter, including chemical treatment (heavy metals, herbicides, and photosensitizers), coagulation/flocculation combined with air flotation, and various adsorption processes.

Between ca.8400-7000 cal BP Late Mesolithic communities occupied the Sado valley embankments, upstream Alcácer do Sal, Portugal. The consumption of marine resources is attested by the shell waste abandoned in several sites (known as shell middens) and later confirmed by isotopic analyses on bone collagen from individuals buried in these locations. During the Mesolithic sea level was rising in response to global warming, allowing the flooding of the pre-incised Sado valley by marine water. Consequently, a question arose: did these communities colonize the margins of an estuarine environment where marine resources were available? A geophysical survey using the Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method was performed to characterize the subsurface configuration of the Sado valley and its tributaries, close to the area where shell-middens are located. Additionally, cores were collected in the proximity of the ERT profiles and sediments analysed for multi-proxies contributing to reconstruct the Mesolithic environmental conditions and landscapes. ERT models interpretation allowed recognising a deeply incised valley (~40m) in the Sado channel and less deep valleys in the tributaries. Sediment analysis suggested the presence of a brackish environment since, at least, 8400 cal BP pointing to influence of marine water near the area occupied by the Mesolithic groups.

Building Information Modeling (BIM) stands out as a vector of innovation encouraging a revolution in modern Civil Engineering. This methodology congregates process, politics, and technology enabling a collaborative construction in virtual space. BIM implementation in buildings and infrastructures has been advantageous when compared to traditional process, allowing error and rework reductions as well as improving costs and time previsions. One of BIM

The real-estate valuation is still complex when it comes to the quantification of the areas and all the factors and coefficients involved in the tax asset value calculation. Automatic methods developed for this purpose have been using various possible approaches and tend to be quite complex for the calculation speed required in most cases. Building Information Modeling (BIM) has as its main advantage the possibility of a precise representation of the geometry of building elements, with integration of information and data in several dimensions. In this sense, this work intends to show the interests that exist in the creation and use of the BIM three-dimensional digital model, providing evidence of the value created for owners, designers, and investors through its use, creating better quality projects and more efficient construction processes, with economy of time and money. The present research work aims to develop the use of an automatic method for the real-estate value calculation, using BIM methodologies. Through BIM, the Architecture, Engineering, Construction, and Operation (AECO) sector can take major evolutions in process optimization, following other major industries. These concepts allow for great speed and efficiency in post-project phases with many advantages compared to current methods. In the scope of the work, an automatic method is developed to calculate the real-estate value in two case studies. The application of the automatic method gains even more importance due to the possibility of its implementation in any developed three-dimensional model. Finally, the results obtained are analyzed and the main conclusions stated.