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An investigation of the applicability of the SWASH model for wave overtopping estimation of a porous structure with a recurved wall was carried out. The results demonstrate the capability of SWASH to predict with good accuracy the mean overtopping discharges when compared to data from physical model tests. Also, detailed validation of the instantaneous wave overtopping shows a reasonable agreement.Whilst free surface is well represented without considering several parametrizations, even for one-layer mode, wave overtopping is very sensitive to any variation in numerical and physical parameters. Wave overtopping simulations are very sensitive to the non-linear Forchheimer coefficient,

This paper focus on the study of different methodologies for surveying two-dimensional scale models of a rubble mound breakwaters.Tests were conducted in one of the LNEC

Este artigo descreve os mais recentes desenvolvimentos do sistema SWAMS ALERT. O sistema consiste em quatro módulos: I - Características da agitação marítima; II - Navegação em áreas portuárias; III - Avaliação de Risco e IV - Sistema de Alerta. O sistema está a ser desenvolvido e implementado numa plataforma web totalmente interativa e amigável.O sistema SWAMS ALERT usa as características da agitação marítima medidas ou previstas para determinar os seus efeitos em termos de movimento vertical excessivo de uma embarcação em manobras que entra ou sai de uma bacia portuária ou em termos de forças em amarras e defensas, bem como de movimentos de um navio amarrado. Para isso, o sistema utiliza um conjunto de modelos numéricos. A comparação dos valores calculados das variáveis relevantes com valores máximos pré-definidos permite a avaliação em tempo real de possíveis situações de emergência ou quando a segurança das operações portuárias estiver em risco e emitir avisos às autoridades competentes; e ainda a construção de mapas de risco, considerando longas séries temporais de ondas de mar medidas ou previstas ou cenários predefinidos associados a alterações climáticas ou eventos extremos.Ilustra-se a aplicação deste sistema ao porto da Praia da Vitória.

The design of certain seawalls / breakwaters has often been required to achieve very low target overtopping discharges when these structures protect vulnerable infrastructure or activities. The balance between economically viable protection and performance requirements is often difficult to achieve without good knowledge on low overtopping. The paucity of data in this space and the high uncertainties associated with existing methods, increase the challenge. The occurrence of a low number of overtopping waves has the consequence that any test results are substantially more affected by the inherent variation of random waves, therefore more uncertain. The physical model test results presented hereafter were successful in obtaining low to very low overtopping discharge data. For low / very low overtopping, these test data present considerable scatter relative to the latest empirical prediction. A number of repetitions was performed for conditions giving very low overtopping discharges, which illustrated the inherent uncertainty associated with low overtopping.

Rubble mound breakwaters (RMB) are the most common maritime structures in Portugal. Their main goal is to reduce the action of waves on the sheltered area of the structure to achieve safety conditions for ships, people and harbour activities.To account and define the need for maintenance or repair works on such structures, it is necessary to evaluate its evolution along its expected lifetime. To predict damages that may occur in those structures and evaluate its importance in terms of structural safety and functionality, it is therefore of utmost importance to follow a monitoring program on such structures. For that purpose, a monitoring mobile tool to be used onsite by the observer would be very useful, adding in this way more efficiency to the existing traditional monitoring techniques used nowadays at LNEC, where visual, systematic, observations are made to attain relevant qualitative evaluation of those structures.Hence, a responsive WebGIS system was developed (Maia et al., 2017) for assisting the observation campaigns, enabling the introduction of photos and videos, their accurate georeferencing, the automatic evaluation of the current, and evolutive, structural state of the structure, and also the checking of physical characteristics of the structure and materials.Besides briefly describing the monitoring tool, this paper focuses primarily on demonstrating its application to a real case scenario of an inspection campaign to the RMB of Ericeira,Portugal, on the 20th of April 2017.

O LNEC tem implementado, desde 1986, um programa designado por OSOM (Observação Sistemática de Obras Marítimas) para quebra-mares de talude localizados em Portugal continental. Para armazenamento, consulta e análise da informação que vai sendo recolhida sobre os diferentes quebramares no programa OSOM, desenvolveu-se no LNEC a aplicação ANOSOM (Análise de Observação Sistemática de Obras Marítimas), a qual tem vindo a ser alvo de diversas atualizações, inclusivamente o manuseamento de nuvens de pontos provenientes de levantamentos dos quebra-mares com sistema de sondador multifeixe e/ou com a ajuda de UAV. Presentemente está em desenvolvimento uma aplicação Web a, ANOSOM_SIG, a qual virá a ser utilizada como interface da base de dados ANOSOM que inclui as funcionalidades de um Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG), transformando-se assim, numa ferramenta de gestão de risco em estruturas de proteção costeira e portuária.O objetivo desta comunicação é descrever a aplicação ANOSOM_SIG, bem como as suas funcionalidades até agora implementadas, apresentando alguns exemplos de aplicação.

This paper ilustrates lhe application of a non-linear shallow water numerical model, AMAZON, to study Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Converters (OWC-WEC) inregrated in vertical breakwaters. This application has been performed within the scope of the research project DITOWEC - Development of an Integrated Tool for Numerical Modelling of Oscillating Water Cohumn Wave Energy Converters Integrated in Vertical Breakwaters. The main objective of DITOWEC is the development of an innovative integrated tool for numerical modeling of wave propagation from offshore to nearshore, of wave-structure interaction and of the complex nonlinear hydrodynamic and aerodynamic phenomena that occur in an OWC-WEC. This development is supported by field data from PICO power plant (Azores) and from two-dimensional experimental data, from physical model tests carried out at LNEC, which are used here for AMAZON calibration/validation. A sensitivity analysis on AMAZON parameters (grid resolution and momentum adjustment factor at vertical barrier) is presented and discussed, centered on wave height obtained near and inside lhe water chamber, amplification factor and phase lag. The obtained AMAZON results are encouraging though more tests are required for different water depths, vertical openings and incoming wave periods, allowing further calibration and validation of the momentum adjustment factor.

Com base em 10 anos de dados de temporais medidos na boía ondógrafo de Sines entre os anos 2001 e 2010, analisaram-se as características de diversos parâmetros da agitação, entre as quais as alturas de onda (significativa e máxima), o período médio e a direção de agitação. Em particular estudou-se a relação entre alturas de onda máxima e alturas de onda significativa durante condições de temporal, compararam-se as relações encontradas com as propostas na literatura e usualmente aplicadas no dimensionamento de quebra-mares verticais, e analisou-se a sua influência na estabilidade dessas estruturas. Verificou-se que os coeficientes de segurança calculados com base em valores de altura máxima registada são inferiores aos calculados com a relação proposta na literatura.

O dispositivo de aproveitamento de energia das ondas de tipo coluna de água oscilante (CAO) é um sistema que foi desenvolvido há já algumas décadas. Em condições de agitação marítima forte, pode ocorrer entrada de ar na câmara-de-ar do dispositivo, pela abertura submersa, comprometendo assim o seu rendimento. A colocação de uma parede vertical submersa, em frente ao dispositivo (UCAO), permite evitar este problema, mas altera o seu desempenho. Neste artigo, o modelo SPH é utilizado para uma primeira análise comparativa da hidrodinâmica dos dois dispositivos. Verifica-se que o factor de amplificação é fortemente condicionado pela dimensão da abertura submersa, reduzindo-se para uma abertura pequena, particularmente para os períodos de onda mais baixos. A amplitude da cava, na câmara de água e em frente ao dispositivo, é menor na configuração de UCAO que na CAO. É, assim, evidente que a UCAO reduz fortemente o risco de sucção de ar na câmara, embora reduza o factor de amplificação, quando comparada com a CAO.

The phenomenon of scour in the vicinity of coastal and harbour protection structures, wind farms, offshore platforms and marine outfalls is one of the causes associated with its collapse. During the design of such structures, the prediction of the maximum erosion depth located in the vicinity of the structure is of utmost importance, requiring, frequently, a validation by scale-model tests. The objective of this study is to validate the use of stereo photogrammetry in such tests. To accomplish this goal, two sets of tests were conducted: A stereo photogrammetric survey of a well-known shape molded in a sand box was carried out in order to infer on the accuracy of the technique when applied to a sand bed. The second set of tests consisted on the survey of the scour around a pile, using the stereo photogrammetric method as well as a bed profiler in order to compare the results obtained with both methods.

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A major objective of TRA LISBON 2022 Conference is to boost research and innovation capacity for the transport sector, throughout a full innovation cycle, from idea to market. Having this in view, the project

The demonstration area will be one of the main focus points of TRA LISBON 2022, presenting multifunctional spaces and being prepared to receive a large number of different types of on-site demonstrations (indoor and outdoor). On-line demonstrations will also be an option, allowing for the widest possible coverage of access for all the participants.The dedicated areas will allow for interactive demonstrations of technological innovations to be carried out by and for industry partners, researchers, and other stakeholders. Demonstrations are an excellent opportunity to introduce conference attendees in an engaging way, as well as to promote new contacts and promising business.

According to the CSA project plan, WP5.2 task objective is to organize technical tours that feature attractive and interactive showcases aiming at engaging participants into novel technologies for all transport modes and enabling stakeholders and their companies to disseminate and even sell their products and applications to all interested parties.

This report is part of HYDRALAB+ Work Package 10, which seeks to strengthen the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken by the HYDRALAB+ partner organisations. It outlines the work carried out by Samui Design & Management Ltd, supported by HR Wallingford, in relation to the development of a data repository structure that can be adopted by participants of the HYDRALAB+ project.

Reliable prediction of wave run-up/overtopping and structure damage is a key task in the design and safety assessment of coastal and harbor structures. Run-up/overtopping and damage must be below acceptable limits, both in extreme and in normal operating conditions, to guarantee the stability of the structure and the safety of people and assets on and behind the structure. The mean-sea-level rise caused by climate change and its effects on wave climate may increase the number and intensity of run-up/overtopping events and make the existing coastal/harbor structures more vulnerable to damage.Accurate estimates, through physical modelling, of the statistics of overtopping waves for a set of climate change conditions, are needed. The research project HYDRALAB+ (H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015) gathers an advanced network of environmental hydraulic institutes in Europe, which provides access to a suite of environmental hydraulic facilities. They play a vital role in the development of climate change adaptation strategies, by allowing the direct testing of adaptation measures and by providing data for numerical model calibration and validation. The use of physical (scale) models allows the simulation of extreme events as they are now, and as they are projected to be under different climate change scenarios.The enclosed dataset refers to the experimental work developed at LNEC within HYDRALAB+ and considers 2D damage and overtopping tests for a rock armor slope, with four different approaches to represent storms. Data of free surface elevation, overtopping and damage is presented.

The HYDRALAB+ project is aimed at strengthening the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken across its partner organisations. This report is D10.2 of the HYDRALAB+ project, entitled

The HYDRALAB+ project is aimed at strengthening the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken across its partner organisations. This report is D10.3 of the HYDRALAB+ project, entitled

This deliverable is related to task 8.2

Neste relatório inicial são apresentadas a arquitetura e as caraterísticas gerais dos protótipos do sistema de previsão, alerta e gestão de riscos causados pela agitação marítima para os portos de Madalena do Pico, São Roque do Pico e Praia da Vitória. Os três protótipos em desenvolvimento têm por base uma arquitetura semelhante, com características distintas, nomeadamente no que respeita à localização dos dados de base, às malhas computacionais utilizadas e às características físicas das fronteiras, tanto no plano horizontal (interface terra-mar), como no vertical (batimetria dos fundos). Caracteriza-se o layout geral dos portos, bem como a sua morfologia e operabilidade.

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Realização de ensaios em modelo físico reduzido 3D para a avaliação da estabilidade do quebra-mar destacado do Porto Inlgês, Maio, Cabo-Verde

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Adverse sea conditions can cause emergency situations associated to wave overtopping, which endanger the safety of people and goods, with negative impacts for society, the economy and the environment. Therefore, a methodology to assess the overtopping risk in port and coastal areas is essential for a proper planning and management of these areas.The Portuguese National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC) has been developing the HIDRALERTA system, an integrated decision-support tool for port and coastal management, which focus in preventing and supporting the management of emergency situations and the long-term planning of interventions in the study areas. It enables the user to calculate the risk for various port and coastal activities, starting with the characterization of sea-waves, wind field and tide levels at the study regions.HIDRALERTA was already tested at different places in Portugal: Costa da Caparica beach, in Almada, and port of Praia da Vitória, in the Azores. However, in both cases, the evaluation of wave overtopping / flooding consequences was carried out using a quite simple approach. In fact, such consequences were assessed only at a global and qualitative level, based on information provided by the responsible authorities.This paper aims at testing a quantitative methodology to evaluate overtopping consequences: the Analytic Network Process (ANP). This methodology was proposed to solve complex decision-making problems and its objective is to calculate the priorities among decision elements which will define their final weights on the consequences. The ANP approach can produce interdependencies between criteria and compute the respective weight of each criterion. Such a network model with dependence and feedback improves the priorities derived from judgements and makes prediction more accurate. So, the ANP allows comparison among clusters of elements. Furthermore, in this methodology we take into account the impacts of alternatives on the importance of criteria, by normalizing the comparison matrix. Thus, the given alternatives can influence the ranking of criteria.Application of the ANP methodology to the case study of Praia da Vitória port is presented and a consequences level map is obtained.

Apresenta-se um novo sistema de alerta para navios amarrados em portos que se encontra em desenvolvimento no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil. O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA é um sistema de previsão e alerta baseado na avaliação do risco associado ao comportamento de navios amarrados em zonas portuárias.Os riscos associados a navios amarrados decorrem de movimentos excessivos, quer no plano horizontal, quer no plano vertical. Estes movimentos podem condicionar as atividades portuárias, nomeadamente cargas e descargas, mas em casos extremos podem levar à ocorrência de situações de emergência, tais como rotura de cabos, rotura de cabeços de amarração ou até colisões com o cais. As consequências deste tipo de situações envolvem sempre grandes prejuízos materiais e por vezes humanos.O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA utiliza as medições e previsões de agitação marítima para a determinação dos seus efeitos em termos de movimentos nos seis graus de liberdade e forças nas amarras e defensas quando o navio se encontra estacionado no cais. Para tal, o sistema recorre a uma série de modelos numéricos, interligados entre si. A comparação destes valores com valores máximos admissíveis pré-estabelecidos permite a avaliação, em tempo real, de situações de emergência e a emissão de alertas dirigidos às entidades portuárias.O sistema é constituído por 4 módulos:I

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