Publicações

O SAFEPORT-SINES é um sistema de previsão e alerta para a segurança da navegação em zonas portuárias, englobando situações de emergência associadas a navios em trânsito ou amarrados, devidas a condições meteo-oceanográficas extremas. O sistema fornece previsões com 3 dias de antecedência da agitação marítima, das condições de vento e de maré, assim como dos movimentos dos navios, identificando as situações que possam ter consequências gravosas nos navios em manobra ou amarrados dentro do porto. Os níveis de risco associados baseiam-se em critérios de segurança e de operacionalidade, nomeadamente nos movimentos do navio e nos esforços nos elementos de amarração. Neste trabalho apresenta-se o sistema SAFEPORT em termos do seu desenvolvimento e arquitetura, do fluxo e tratamento de dados e do funcionamento dos modelos numéricos utilizados. Apresenta-se ainda o funcionamento da plataforma web e da aplicação móvel onde é possível consultar os parâmetros relevantes para aferir os riscos referidos

SAFEPORT safety system aims at forecasting and alerting, on a regular basis, emergency situations regarding ships operation in port areas caused by extreme weather-oceanographic conditions. It uses forecasts provided offshore of the area under study of sea agitation, wind and tide. The characterization of the response of the free and moored ships at a berth is performed using the numerical package SWAMS. The system issue alerts, through danger levels associated with risk levels of exceedance of recommended values for movements and forces imposed on ship mooring systems. SAFEPORT can be adapted to any port. So far, it has been developed and adapted to three terminals of the port of Sines, where three different ships were simulated. This paper presents the developments made to date of the safety system, which includes tests performed in storm situations. The numerical models run every day, in real-time mode, in a computer cluster and the system provide forecast results for the next 72 hours. The results are disseminated on a web page and a mobile application in a variety of formats. It was concluded that the SAFEPORT safety system issued alerts according to the observed reality during the storm Dora. It has also been shown to be a computer tool for the optimization of ship mooring systems. The system is currently in testing and validation phase therefore, forecasts should be interpreted as indicative.

Docking of very large ships is a delicate procedure as the kinetic energy associated with large masses of the ship can result in high impact forces causing damages to the ship, the fenders and even the quay itself. The expected berthing loads are a key element in quay design. Fenders are usually rubbery flexible elements that turn the vessel

Docking of very large ships is a delicate procedure as the kinetic energy associated with large masses of the ship can result in high impact forces causing damages to the ship, the fenders and even the quay itself. The expected berthing loads are a key element in quay design. Fenders are usually rubbery flexible elements that turn the vessel

The To-SEAlert project (Fortes et al., 2021) aims to include a set of tools/methodologies into the Early Warning System HIDRALERTA (Poseiro, 2019, Fortes et al., 2020, Pinheiro et al., 2020) to make it more efficient, reliable and robust.

Marine fenders provide the necessary interface between berthing ships and berth structures (PIANC, 2002). Their absence can cause damage to either the quay or the ship or both the quay and the ship, endangering lives, and property. Due to the complex hydrodynamics around berthing ships, the characterization of the maximum force applied to an individual fender and the force distribution among a set of fenders is an essential factor in the design and safety of maritime structures and the fenders themselves, as well as for improving existing ones. This paper aims to describe a combining physical and numerical modelling of a ship impact on fenders, in order to improve the numerical modelling of this problem.Physical modelling represents a good practice in hydraulic studies, where a scale model is used to reproduce complex dynamic phenomena. However, the use of a sophisticated numerical model (or a package of numerical models) can provide a good means to evaluate the samecomplex physical processes and, in addition, to design and test a large number of alternatives in a short time span.Both types of models have their strengths and weaknesses (Gerritsen and Sutherland, 2011). Physical models provide a natural reproduction of complex non-linear physical phenomena, therefore they are well established and considered to be truthful. On the other hand, these models can be expensive and time consuming. In addition, one has to deal with the scale effect and measurement difficulties and errors are frequent. Numerical models in turn are very efficient to simulate rapidly many physical processes and the results can be easily extracted. On the other hand, to improve the reliability of their use in practice, it is necessary to calibrate several parameters through physical model measurements and field experiments. In order to take advantage of the potentiality of the two models emerged the composite modelling which is the integrated and balanced use of physical and numerical models (Gerritsen and Sutherland, 2011). This technique also costs but provides results with a better quality than those model techniques separately and increases the confidence in the use of numerical models.The physical modeling consists of a ship scaled model, whose impact on the fenders was performed in a wave basin. Various impact velocities and angles between the ship axis and the fenders alignment were used to represent possible collision conditions. The same conditions were reproduced by a numerical package. The numerical modeling was performed using MOORNAV (Santos, 1994), which estimates the ship motions and the forces exerted on the elements of the mooring system, namely mooring lines and fenders.

Esta comunicação diz respeito à fase de testes do sistema SAFEPORT, tendo-se avaliado o seu desempenho numa situação de tempestade. Trata-se de um sistema desenvolvido para a segurança da navegação do porto de Sines, e, mais concretamente, nos seus terminais de Granéis Líquidos, Multiusos e Contentores. Para estes terminais, simulou-se o impacto da tempestade Célia nos esforços nos cabos de amarração de um navio petroleiro, de um navio de carga geral e de um navio porta contentores, respetivamente. O sistema SAFEPORT demonstrou ser capaz de antecipar os efeitos nos navios amarrados dos estados de agitação associados à tempestade Célia.

The present project addresses a problem related to the erosion effects on a breakwater barrier due to waves which leads to its degradation and that may eventually lead to lack of functionality of the structure. In the present case, the breakwater acts as a physical barrier between the Atlantic Ocean and the cargo Harbour of Leixões, in Matosinhos, Portugal, justifying the needs of health monitoring of the barrier.To monitor this structure, with a length of roughly 700 m, the need of a fast data acquisition system led to the choice of imaging techniques which allow for a fast acquisition of a diversified data set. The images were acquired using a high-resolution camera attached to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), enabling a faster and more automated procedure that leads to the systematization of the process, while being compatible with the difficult accessibility of the structure, which is surrounded by sea waves. Point clouds corresponding to the breakwater

Storms impacting sandy coastal areas produce hazard such as erosion as overwash, in turn, promote risk to life and property damage in occupied areas.

Methodologies to be used in numerical models based on Reynolds-averaged Navier

IH-2VOF numerical model is applied to study wave interacting with a circular cylinder with adiameter of 0.02 m in a water depth of 0.27 m, with a wave period of 1.08 s and a wave heightof 0.047 m. The study includes analyses of convergence with the mesh discretization. Theconvergence of forces, velocities and Keulengan-Carpenter number was obtained when 32cells were used to define the cylinder.The influence of the wall proximity on the forces was also analyzed and 15 different ratiosbetween the pipe distance from the bottom and the pipe diameter were simulated, varying from0.0625 to 1.5. Results of lift, drag and inertia coefficients are compared with the experimentalresults of the experimental study of Jarno-Druaux et al. (1995) and the same trend in thevariation with the gap between the cylinder and the bottom was obtained with the modelgiving slightly larger values.

This paper compares the results obtained with the introduction of two new pressuredistribution functions in the numerical model FUNWAVE that was modified to simulate wavegeneration by sailing ships. The results obtained by Nascimento (2007) which used thepressure distribution functions of Li and Sclavounos (2002) in the free surface are taken as thereference values. Tests were performed with a ship sailing along the line defined by theintersection of a 1:50 slope with a constant depth bottom and the influence of the maximumpressure value was investigated. Whatever the pressure distribution function, the results showthat in the sloping bottom the crests of waves are bent along the slope and in the constantdepth the standard Kelvin wave patterns can be found.

Container ships traffic has increased significantly in recent years as well as the ship dimensions,therefore the need for port expansion and construction of new ports. Portugal is no exception to thisglobal phenomenon and there are plans to expand some of the major Portuguese ports (eg Sines andLeixões). These large ships require depths and widths of the entrance channels relatively large and itis inevitable that waves enter the ports. These waves can cause serious problems in port operation as aresult of excessive movement of the ship. The costs associated with berth downtime are enormous.For container ships, horizontal movements must be very small due to crane operation constraints.Excessive movements can also cause ship collisions with berth or with other ships or the breakage ofmooring lines, all with serious economic losses. From the above it becomes clear how important it isthe ability to know the sea conditions that lead to excessive movement of ships. This knowledgewould bring a huge asset to the port operational management and it could point out ways ofmitigating these problems.This paper describes the development of an integrated tool made of several numerical models able tocharacterize the wave climate and its effects in ports, particularly in terms of movements of shipsmoored to a port terminal. The validation of this tool is presented in the form of some simple testcases. Additionally an application to a real harbour situation is also presented. The informationobtained from this tool is a major help in port management and it can significantly increase thecompetitiveness of our ports.

O reservatório do lago da barragem de Ilha Solteira, que tem uma extensão de 100 km, está localizado no noroeste do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Devido à sua grande dimensão, ondas geradas por ventos podem causar problemas à segurança de navegação, para a estabilidade das margens do rio, para as infra-estruturas de todo o reservatório, ou mesmo para a segurança pública. Em 2010/2011, uma campanha de dados de campo foi realizada a fim de medir o campo de ventos, de ondas e altura significativa. A batimetria de fundo do lago e a velocidade do vento foram usados no Swan (Simulating Waves Nearshore) para prever a altura significativa das ondas. A partir dos resultados obtidos pode-se dizer que a previsão do modelo numérico apresenta semelhanças com os valores experimentais.

Nesta comunicação descreve-se o projeto HIDRALERTA

Profile surveying in scale model tests of rubble-mound breakwaters, during a test series is,somehow, a time consuming procedure.Aiming to speed up this procedure, a photogrammetric method has been tested, as analternative to the mechanical profiler.This technique makes use of a software package that allows one to correct the refraction oflight at the air-water interface, enabling the realization of surveys without having to empty thecanal. This survey technique was already tested for two-dimensional scale models. The goal ofthe present work is to extend this survey technique to three-dimensional scale models.

This paper describes a wide range of wave flume tests which main objective is the study waveshoaling and breaking over a set of different gentle slopes for several incident waves and thusto contribute for a better understand of the hydrodynamics of wave transformation and wavebreaking.For a bichromatic wave resulting from a combination of two regular waves with periodsT=1.1 and 1.5s, with the same wave height H=0.08m, are presented and discussed thefollowing results: free surface elevation at selected sections along the flume; significant waveheight, significant and average periods along the flume; particle velocity components atdifferent locations along the flume; average, maximum and minimum values of thelongitudinal component of the velocity along the flume; free surface elevation and velocitycomponents spectral analysis; two dimensional distribution of the three components of thevelocity; and longitudinal velocity component vertical profiles.

Esta comunicação apresenta os resultados da introdução no modelo numéricoFUNWAVE de duas distribuições de pressão existentes na literatura para simular apropagação de ondas geradas por embarcações em regiões de batimetria variável. Aquelemodelo foi adaptado por Nascimento [1]de forma a incluir uma distribuição de pressõesmóvel nas equações da quantidade de movimento, na posição correspondente ao plano deflutuação do navio, sendo capaz de reproduzir a maioria dos fenómenos envolvidos napropagação da onda em direção à costa. Considerou-se como valores de referência osobtidos com a função de distribuição de Li e Sclavounos [2] implementada por Nascimento[1].

This paper presents the results for the two additional pressure distribution functionsincluded in the modified model FUNWAVE to simulate the propagation of waves generatedby ships, where the ship is represented by a pressure distribution function. This modifiedmodel was adapted by Nascimento [1] in order to include a specified moving pressure at thefree surface where the most of the phenomena involved in the transformation of the wave arereproduced. The value proposed by Nascimento [1] for the maximum value of the pressuredistribution function of Li and Sclavounos [6] was used as reference in the two new pressuredistribution functions.

Neste trabalho, é descrito a aplicação de umsistema de redes neurais ARTMAP-Fuzzy na previsão deagitação marítima na costa oeste portuguesa e, maisconcretamente, no Porto de Sines. O treinamento desta redeneural é efetuado com dados de medição de boia-ondógrafo aolargo do porto e resultados do modelo numérico de propagaçãode ondas na zona de entrada do porto, de 01/07/2010 a30/06/2012. Posteriormente, avaliou-se o desempenho da redequer para diferentes meses e uma semana selecionadosaleatoriamente no anterior período, quer para um anodesconhecido à rede, o de 2009. Estes testes mostram aspotencialidades e limitações da rede neste tipo de aplicações.

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C2IMPRESS is a multi-disciplinary project which aims to enhance understanding and public awareness on multi-hazard risk, based on innovative models, methods, frameworks, tools and technologies to develop decision-making platforms with a fine-grained spatio-temporal data to better assess impacts, vulnerability and resilience on natural hazards. This Report is the Deliverable 1.1 and belongs to Work Package 1, which is mainly addressed to identify the past climate and physical processes that underlie natural disaster events and their consequences

A major objective of TRA LISBON 2022 Conference is to boost research and innovation capacity for the transport sector, throughout a full innovation cycle, from idea to market. Having this in view, the project

The demonstration area will be one of the main focus points of TRA LISBON 2022, presenting multifunctional spaces and being prepared to receive a large number of different types of on-site demonstrations (indoor and outdoor). On-line demonstrations will also be an option, allowing for the widest possible coverage of access for all the participants.The dedicated areas will allow for interactive demonstrations of technological innovations to be carried out by and for industry partners, researchers, and other stakeholders. Demonstrations are an excellent opportunity to introduce conference attendees in an engaging way, as well as to promote new contacts and promising business.

According to the CSA project plan, WP5.2 task objective is to organize technical tours that feature attractive and interactive showcases aiming at engaging participants into novel technologies for all transport modes and enabling stakeholders and their companies to disseminate and even sell their products and applications to all interested parties.

This report is part of HYDRALAB+ Work Package 10, which seeks to strengthen the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken by the HYDRALAB+ partner organisations. It outlines the work carried out by Samui Design & Management Ltd, supported by HR Wallingford, in relation to the development of a data repository structure that can be adopted by participants of the HYDRALAB+ project.

Reliable prediction of wave run-up/overtopping and structure damage is a key task in the design and safety assessment of coastal and harbor structures. Run-up/overtopping and damage must be below acceptable limits, both in extreme and in normal operating conditions, to guarantee the stability of the structure and the safety of people and assets on and behind the structure. The mean-sea-level rise caused by climate change and its effects on wave climate may increase the number and intensity of run-up/overtopping events and make the existing coastal/harbor structures more vulnerable to damage.Accurate estimates, through physical modelling, of the statistics of overtopping waves for a set of climate change conditions, are needed. The research project HYDRALAB+ (H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015) gathers an advanced network of environmental hydraulic institutes in Europe, which provides access to a suite of environmental hydraulic facilities. They play a vital role in the development of climate change adaptation strategies, by allowing the direct testing of adaptation measures and by providing data for numerical model calibration and validation. The use of physical (scale) models allows the simulation of extreme events as they are now, and as they are projected to be under different climate change scenarios.The enclosed dataset refers to the experimental work developed at LNEC within HYDRALAB+ and considers 2D damage and overtopping tests for a rock armor slope, with four different approaches to represent storms. Data of free surface elevation, overtopping and damage is presented.

The HYDRALAB+ project is aimed at strengthening the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken across its partner organisations. This report is D10.2 of the HYDRALAB+ project, entitled

The HYDRALAB+ project is aimed at strengthening the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken across its partner organisations. This report is D10.3 of the HYDRALAB+ project, entitled

This deliverable is related to task 8.2

Neste relatório inicial são apresentadas a arquitetura e as caraterísticas gerais dos protótipos do sistema de previsão, alerta e gestão de riscos causados pela agitação marítima para os portos de Madalena do Pico, São Roque do Pico e Praia da Vitória. Os três protótipos em desenvolvimento têm por base uma arquitetura semelhante, com características distintas, nomeadamente no que respeita à localização dos dados de base, às malhas computacionais utilizadas e às características físicas das fronteiras, tanto no plano horizontal (interface terra-mar), como no vertical (batimetria dos fundos). Caracteriza-se o layout geral dos portos, bem como a sua morfologia e operabilidade.

The project LIFEGARACHICO (LIFE20 CCA/ES/001641) proposes the creation of an effective flexible adaptation framework for the coastal unicipalities of Macaronesia, making specific local interventions to increase their resilience against extreme coastal events resulting from climate change. Social surveys were applied in Praia da Vitória, Terceira, Azores, to understand the civilians perception of coastal flooding events.

The project LIFE-GARACHICO (LIFE20 CCA/ES/001641) proposes the creation of an effective flexible adaptation framework for the coastal municipalities of Macaronesia, making specific local interventions to increase their resilience against extreme coastal events resulting from climate change. Social surveys were applied in both localities in order to understand the civilians perception of coastal flooding events

Realização de ensaios em modelo físico reduzido 3D para a avaliação da estabilidade do quebra-mar destacado do Porto Inlgês, Maio, Cabo-Verde

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Adverse sea conditions can cause emergency situations associated to wave overtopping, which endanger the safety of people and goods, with negative impacts for society, the economy and the environment. Therefore, a methodology to assess the overtopping risk in port and coastal areas is essential for a proper planning and management of these areas.The Portuguese National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC) has been developing the HIDRALERTA system, an integrated decision-support tool for port and coastal management, which focus in preventing and supporting the management of emergency situations and the long-term planning of interventions in the study areas. It enables the user to calculate the risk for various port and coastal activities, starting with the characterization of sea-waves, wind field and tide levels at the study regions.HIDRALERTA was already tested at different places in Portugal: Costa da Caparica beach, in Almada, and port of Praia da Vitória, in the Azores. However, in both cases, the evaluation of wave overtopping / flooding consequences was carried out using a quite simple approach. In fact, such consequences were assessed only at a global and qualitative level, based on information provided by the responsible authorities.This paper aims at testing a quantitative methodology to evaluate overtopping consequences: the Analytic Network Process (ANP). This methodology was proposed to solve complex decision-making problems and its objective is to calculate the priorities among decision elements which will define their final weights on the consequences. The ANP approach can produce interdependencies between criteria and compute the respective weight of each criterion. Such a network model with dependence and feedback improves the priorities derived from judgements and makes prediction more accurate. So, the ANP allows comparison among clusters of elements. Furthermore, in this methodology we take into account the impacts of alternatives on the importance of criteria, by normalizing the comparison matrix. Thus, the given alternatives can influence the ranking of criteria.Application of the ANP methodology to the case study of Praia da Vitória port is presented and a consequences level map is obtained.

Apresenta-se um novo sistema de alerta para navios amarrados em portos que se encontra em desenvolvimento no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil. O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA é um sistema de previsão e alerta baseado na avaliação do risco associado ao comportamento de navios amarrados em zonas portuárias.Os riscos associados a navios amarrados decorrem de movimentos excessivos, quer no plano horizontal, quer no plano vertical. Estes movimentos podem condicionar as atividades portuárias, nomeadamente cargas e descargas, mas em casos extremos podem levar à ocorrência de situações de emergência, tais como rotura de cabos, rotura de cabeços de amarração ou até colisões com o cais. As consequências deste tipo de situações envolvem sempre grandes prejuízos materiais e por vezes humanos.O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA utiliza as medições e previsões de agitação marítima para a determinação dos seus efeitos em termos de movimentos nos seis graus de liberdade e forças nas amarras e defensas quando o navio se encontra estacionado no cais. Para tal, o sistema recorre a uma série de modelos numéricos, interligados entre si. A comparação destes valores com valores máximos admissíveis pré-estabelecidos permite a avaliação, em tempo real, de situações de emergência e a emissão de alertas dirigidos às entidades portuárias.O sistema é constituído por 4 módulos:I

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