Publicações

O SAFEPORT-SINES é um sistema de previsão e alerta para a segurança da navegação em zonas portuárias, englobando situações de emergência associadas a navios em trânsito ou amarrados, devidas a condições meteo-oceanográficas extremas. O sistema fornece previsões com 3 dias de antecedência da agitação marítima, das condições de vento e de maré, assim como dos movimentos dos navios, identificando as situações que possam ter consequências gravosas nos navios em manobra ou amarrados dentro do porto. Os níveis de risco associados baseiam-se em critérios de segurança e de operacionalidade, nomeadamente nos movimentos do navio e nos esforços nos elementos de amarração. Neste trabalho apresenta-se o sistema SAFEPORT em termos do seu desenvolvimento e arquitetura, do fluxo e tratamento de dados e do funcionamento dos modelos numéricos utilizados. Apresenta-se ainda o funcionamento da plataforma web e da aplicação móvel onde é possível consultar os parâmetros relevantes para aferir os riscos referidos

SAFEPORT safety system aims at forecasting and alerting, on a regular basis, emergency situations regarding ships operation in port areas caused by extreme weather-oceanographic conditions. It uses forecasts provided offshore of the area under study of sea agitation, wind and tide. The characterization of the response of the free and moored ships at a berth is performed using the numerical package SWAMS. The system issue alerts, through danger levels associated with risk levels of exceedance of recommended values for movements and forces imposed on ship mooring systems. SAFEPORT can be adapted to any port. So far, it has been developed and adapted to three terminals of the port of Sines, where three different ships were simulated. This paper presents the developments made to date of the safety system, which includes tests performed in storm situations. The numerical models run every day, in real-time mode, in a computer cluster and the system provide forecast results for the next 72 hours. The results are disseminated on a web page and a mobile application in a variety of formats. It was concluded that the SAFEPORT safety system issued alerts according to the observed reality during the storm Dora. It has also been shown to be a computer tool for the optimization of ship mooring systems. The system is currently in testing and validation phase therefore, forecasts should be interpreted as indicative.

Docking of very large ships is a delicate procedure as the kinetic energy associated with large masses of the ship can result in high impact forces causing damages to the ship, the fenders and even the quay itself. The expected berthing loads are a key element in quay design. Fenders are usually rubbery flexible elements that turn the vessel

Docking of very large ships is a delicate procedure as the kinetic energy associated with large masses of the ship can result in high impact forces causing damages to the ship, the fenders and even the quay itself. The expected berthing loads are a key element in quay design. Fenders are usually rubbery flexible elements that turn the vessel

The To-SEAlert project (Fortes et al., 2021) aims to include a set of tools/methodologies into the Early Warning System HIDRALERTA (Poseiro, 2019, Fortes et al., 2020, Pinheiro et al., 2020) to make it more efficient, reliable and robust.

Marine fenders provide the necessary interface between berthing ships and berth structures (PIANC, 2002). Their absence can cause damage to either the quay or the ship or both the quay and the ship, endangering lives, and property. Due to the complex hydrodynamics around berthing ships, the characterization of the maximum force applied to an individual fender and the force distribution among a set of fenders is an essential factor in the design and safety of maritime structures and the fenders themselves, as well as for improving existing ones. This paper aims to describe a combining physical and numerical modelling of a ship impact on fenders, in order to improve the numerical modelling of this problem.Physical modelling represents a good practice in hydraulic studies, where a scale model is used to reproduce complex dynamic phenomena. However, the use of a sophisticated numerical model (or a package of numerical models) can provide a good means to evaluate the samecomplex physical processes and, in addition, to design and test a large number of alternatives in a short time span.Both types of models have their strengths and weaknesses (Gerritsen and Sutherland, 2011). Physical models provide a natural reproduction of complex non-linear physical phenomena, therefore they are well established and considered to be truthful. On the other hand, these models can be expensive and time consuming. In addition, one has to deal with the scale effect and measurement difficulties and errors are frequent. Numerical models in turn are very efficient to simulate rapidly many physical processes and the results can be easily extracted. On the other hand, to improve the reliability of their use in practice, it is necessary to calibrate several parameters through physical model measurements and field experiments. In order to take advantage of the potentiality of the two models emerged the composite modelling which is the integrated and balanced use of physical and numerical models (Gerritsen and Sutherland, 2011). This technique also costs but provides results with a better quality than those model techniques separately and increases the confidence in the use of numerical models.The physical modeling consists of a ship scaled model, whose impact on the fenders was performed in a wave basin. Various impact velocities and angles between the ship axis and the fenders alignment were used to represent possible collision conditions. The same conditions were reproduced by a numerical package. The numerical modeling was performed using MOORNAV (Santos, 1994), which estimates the ship motions and the forces exerted on the elements of the mooring system, namely mooring lines and fenders.

Esta comunicação diz respeito à fase de testes do sistema SAFEPORT, tendo-se avaliado o seu desempenho numa situação de tempestade. Trata-se de um sistema desenvolvido para a segurança da navegação do porto de Sines, e, mais concretamente, nos seus terminais de Granéis Líquidos, Multiusos e Contentores. Para estes terminais, simulou-se o impacto da tempestade Célia nos esforços nos cabos de amarração de um navio petroleiro, de um navio de carga geral e de um navio porta contentores, respetivamente. O sistema SAFEPORT demonstrou ser capaz de antecipar os efeitos nos navios amarrados dos estados de agitação associados à tempestade Célia.

The present project addresses a problem related to the erosion effects on a breakwater barrier due to waves which leads to its degradation and that may eventually lead to lack of functionality of the structure. In the present case, the breakwater acts as a physical barrier between the Atlantic Ocean and the cargo Harbour of Leixões, in Matosinhos, Portugal, justifying the needs of health monitoring of the barrier.To monitor this structure, with a length of roughly 700 m, the need of a fast data acquisition system led to the choice of imaging techniques which allow for a fast acquisition of a diversified data set. The images were acquired using a high-resolution camera attached to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), enabling a faster and more automated procedure that leads to the systematization of the process, while being compatible with the difficult accessibility of the structure, which is surrounded by sea waves. Point clouds corresponding to the breakwater

Storms impacting sandy coastal areas produce hazard such as erosion as overwash, in turn, promote risk to life and property damage in occupied areas.

Methodologies to be used in numerical models based on Reynolds-averaged Navier

Diferentes modelos e métodos foram desenvolvidos, tendo como base a abordagem Lagrangiana, e sãogeralmente conhecidos genericamente como modelos SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics). Neste artigoapresentam-se as potencialidades de um método Lagrangiano na modelação de escoamentos com superfícielivre, o modelo SPHysics, através da sua aplicação a diferentes casos de interacção entre ondas e estruturascosteiras.

Wave overtopping is a violent natural event thatinvolves highly complex phenomenon such as large deformationof free surface, turbulence and eddy vortices, strong interactionbetween the wave and the structure. Models based on SmoothedParticle Hydrodynamics (SPH), that used a mesh-free technique,are an option to address wave overtopping and other phenomenainvolved on the interaction between waves and coastal structures.In the present paper, SPHysics model is validated and applied forwave propagation and wave overtopping of an impermeableseawall. Validation and convergence study is carried outconsidering several parameters such as the initial particle densityand the eXSPH parameter. Free surface elevation in several gaugesand overtopping discharge over the structure are analyzed andcompared to experimental data and other numerical results. Avery satisfactory agreement is obtained with experimentalmeasurements. Finally, the numerical model is applied formodelling wave propagation with breaking and overtopping ofan impermeable sea wall coastal defence structure, a commonstructure employed at the Portuguese coast. Numerical resultsare compared with experimental data from model scale testscarried at the National Civil Engineering Laboratory (LNEC).Good agreement is obtained for both free surface elevation andovertopping discharge over the structure.

Considera-se um conjunto de 10 anos de dados de parâmetros de agitação marítima provenientes da bóia de Faro, do Instituto Hidrográfico. Mau grado, esta colecção apresenta um razoável número de falhas ao longo desses dez anos, com variadas extensões, que se pretendem colmatar. Adoptaram-se duas formas distintas de tratamento do problema, uma mediante utilização de uma metodologia de colmatação com base em valores adjacentes dasérie existente (pequenas falhas), e outra mediante substituição dos valores em falta com observações colhidas em bóia-ondógrafo próxima (bóia-ondógrafo de Cádiz, dos Puertos del Estado, à cota -450 m Z.H.), após adequada validação dessas observações.Nesta comunicação dá-se conta da análise e processamento das séries temporais iniciais edescrevem-se os métodos utilizados para a colmatação dos registos em falha. Assim, faz-se uma descrição estatística dos dados brutos, constituída pelas séries temporais e histogramas dos parâmetros mais relevantes, procede-se à identificação dos registos em falha e descrevem-se e comparam-se métodos de colmatação de falhas das séries temporais.Para o presente conjunto de dados, conclui-se que a metodologia mais apropriada para acolmatação de falhas superiores a um dia é a que resulta da utilização de dados de uma bóia próxima.

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En esta ponencia se ha presentado la solución de proyecto para la corrección delmuelle de atraque de los ferries del puerto de Vila do Porto. La estructura, que tienecomo principal objetivo disminuir la agitación y el rebase en la dársena sin ocupardemasiado espacio, está compuesta de una plataforma horizontal asentada enpilares rectangulares por encima de un talud de escollera. Se presentan los resultadosde ensayos en modelo físico 3D y los obtenidos con dos modelos numéricos RANS en lo que se refiere a presiones en la plataforma y reducción de la reflexión: el modeloCOBRAS-UC y el FLUENT.El modelado físico permitió verificar el comportamiento de la estructura: la agitación yel rebase son ahora menores en toda la dársena, o sea, entre el muelle comercial y lazona de atraque del Ferry, y las presiones máximas y la estabilidad han sidoverificadas. En cuanto al modelado numérico, el modelo FLUENT (2D), que seencuentra todavía en validación para aplicaciones de estudios de interacción olaestructura,se ha comparado con los resultados del modelo COBRAS-UC y se haverificado que presenta problemas de convergencia cuando se usa un esquema deintegración en el tiempo de segundo orden y difusión numérica de la fracción devolumen cuando se usa un esquema de primer orden (aunque resuelva los problemasde divergencia). El FLUENT 3D presenta, además, un elevado tiempo de cálculo,particularmente en 3D.

Neste trabalho estuda-se a interacção de ondas regulares com cilindros verticais fixos aofundo. Na simulação numérica deste problema tridimensional viscoso e com superfície livreutiliza-se o código FLUENT que resolve as equações de Navier-Stokes em valor médio(equações de Reynolds) e utiliza uma técnica VoF (Volume of Fluid) na identificação dasuperfície livre.Apresentam-se os parâmetros relativos à discretização e valida-se o modelo numérico porcomparação com resultados analítico-experimentais e obtidos com o código WAMITamplamente validado.As diferenças entre resultados são correlacionadas com os efeitos não lineares ligados àamplitude relativa (irrotacionalidade do escoamento) e à relação entre o diâmetro do cilindro e ocomprimento da onda.

Neste trabalho testa-se a capacidade do código numérico COBRAS-UC,baseado nas equação RANS e utilizando uma técnica VOF, na simulação dos efeitos nãolineares resultantes da interacção de dois grupos de ondas. O caso de teste consiste napropagação, em sentidos opostos (interacção fraca) de dois grupos de ondas emcondições de água profunda. Estudos analíticos, experimentais e numéricos anteriorespermitiram identificar a variação da velocidade de fase como a única consequência dainteracção não linear. A comparação de anteriores resultados com os obtidos no âmbitodeste trabalho permitem concluir sobre a precisão e potencialidades do códigoCOBRAS-UC na simulação de fenómenos não lineares exigentes do ponto numérico.

A análise da eficiência das estruturas costeiras em termos de galgamento, é classicamenterealizada através de estudos em modelo físico. No entanto, a modelação numérica podecomplementar estes estudos experimentais.A aplicação de dois tipos de modelos numéricos na simulação do galgamento de estruturacosteiras impermeáveis, cada modelo com as suas vantagens e limitações, é analisada nesteartigo: um modelo Eulariano, COBRAS-UC, e um modelo Lagrangiano, SPHysics.Os resultados de elevação de superfície livre e de caudal médio galgado obtido pelos doismodelos são comparados com dados de ensaios obtidos em modelo físico à escala 1:10, parao estudo do galgamento numa estrutura de protecção marginal impermeável.

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The effect of aspect ratio on steady laminarfluid flow past an elliptical cylinder is investigatednumerically at two low Reynolds numbers, 20 and40. The two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equationsare solved using an original fully coupled resolutionmethod, without any transformation of continuityequation. The wake

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C2IMPRESS is a multi-disciplinary project which aims to enhance understanding and public awareness on multi-hazard risk, based on innovative models, methods, frameworks, tools and technologies to develop decision-making platforms with a fine-grained spatio-temporal data to better assess impacts, vulnerability and resilience on natural hazards. This Report is the Deliverable 1.1 and belongs to Work Package 1, which is mainly addressed to identify the past climate and physical processes that underlie natural disaster events and their consequences

A major objective of TRA LISBON 2022 Conference is to boost research and innovation capacity for the transport sector, throughout a full innovation cycle, from idea to market. Having this in view, the project

The demonstration area will be one of the main focus points of TRA LISBON 2022, presenting multifunctional spaces and being prepared to receive a large number of different types of on-site demonstrations (indoor and outdoor). On-line demonstrations will also be an option, allowing for the widest possible coverage of access for all the participants.The dedicated areas will allow for interactive demonstrations of technological innovations to be carried out by and for industry partners, researchers, and other stakeholders. Demonstrations are an excellent opportunity to introduce conference attendees in an engaging way, as well as to promote new contacts and promising business.

According to the CSA project plan, WP5.2 task objective is to organize technical tours that feature attractive and interactive showcases aiming at engaging participants into novel technologies for all transport modes and enabling stakeholders and their companies to disseminate and even sell their products and applications to all interested parties.

This report is part of HYDRALAB+ Work Package 10, which seeks to strengthen the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken by the HYDRALAB+ partner organisations. It outlines the work carried out by Samui Design & Management Ltd, supported by HR Wallingford, in relation to the development of a data repository structure that can be adopted by participants of the HYDRALAB+ project.

Reliable prediction of wave run-up/overtopping and structure damage is a key task in the design and safety assessment of coastal and harbor structures. Run-up/overtopping and damage must be below acceptable limits, both in extreme and in normal operating conditions, to guarantee the stability of the structure and the safety of people and assets on and behind the structure. The mean-sea-level rise caused by climate change and its effects on wave climate may increase the number and intensity of run-up/overtopping events and make the existing coastal/harbor structures more vulnerable to damage.Accurate estimates, through physical modelling, of the statistics of overtopping waves for a set of climate change conditions, are needed. The research project HYDRALAB+ (H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015) gathers an advanced network of environmental hydraulic institutes in Europe, which provides access to a suite of environmental hydraulic facilities. They play a vital role in the development of climate change adaptation strategies, by allowing the direct testing of adaptation measures and by providing data for numerical model calibration and validation. The use of physical (scale) models allows the simulation of extreme events as they are now, and as they are projected to be under different climate change scenarios.The enclosed dataset refers to the experimental work developed at LNEC within HYDRALAB+ and considers 2D damage and overtopping tests for a rock armor slope, with four different approaches to represent storms. Data of free surface elevation, overtopping and damage is presented.

The HYDRALAB+ project is aimed at strengthening the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken across its partner organisations. This report is D10.2 of the HYDRALAB+ project, entitled

The HYDRALAB+ project is aimed at strengthening the coherence of experimental hydraulic and hydrodynamic research undertaken across its partner organisations. This report is D10.3 of the HYDRALAB+ project, entitled

This deliverable is related to task 8.2

Neste relatório inicial são apresentadas a arquitetura e as caraterísticas gerais dos protótipos do sistema de previsão, alerta e gestão de riscos causados pela agitação marítima para os portos de Madalena do Pico, São Roque do Pico e Praia da Vitória. Os três protótipos em desenvolvimento têm por base uma arquitetura semelhante, com características distintas, nomeadamente no que respeita à localização dos dados de base, às malhas computacionais utilizadas e às características físicas das fronteiras, tanto no plano horizontal (interface terra-mar), como no vertical (batimetria dos fundos). Caracteriza-se o layout geral dos portos, bem como a sua morfologia e operabilidade.

The project LIFEGARACHICO (LIFE20 CCA/ES/001641) proposes the creation of an effective flexible adaptation framework for the coastal unicipalities of Macaronesia, making specific local interventions to increase their resilience against extreme coastal events resulting from climate change. Social surveys were applied in Praia da Vitória, Terceira, Azores, to understand the civilians perception of coastal flooding events.

The project LIFE-GARACHICO (LIFE20 CCA/ES/001641) proposes the creation of an effective flexible adaptation framework for the coastal municipalities of Macaronesia, making specific local interventions to increase their resilience against extreme coastal events resulting from climate change. Social surveys were applied in both localities in order to understand the civilians perception of coastal flooding events

Realização de ensaios em modelo físico reduzido 3D para a avaliação da estabilidade do quebra-mar destacado do Porto Inlgês, Maio, Cabo-Verde

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Adverse sea conditions can cause emergency situations associated to wave overtopping, which endanger the safety of people and goods, with negative impacts for society, the economy and the environment. Therefore, a methodology to assess the overtopping risk in port and coastal areas is essential for a proper planning and management of these areas.The Portuguese National Laboratory for Civil Engineering (LNEC) has been developing the HIDRALERTA system, an integrated decision-support tool for port and coastal management, which focus in preventing and supporting the management of emergency situations and the long-term planning of interventions in the study areas. It enables the user to calculate the risk for various port and coastal activities, starting with the characterization of sea-waves, wind field and tide levels at the study regions.HIDRALERTA was already tested at different places in Portugal: Costa da Caparica beach, in Almada, and port of Praia da Vitória, in the Azores. However, in both cases, the evaluation of wave overtopping / flooding consequences was carried out using a quite simple approach. In fact, such consequences were assessed only at a global and qualitative level, based on information provided by the responsible authorities.This paper aims at testing a quantitative methodology to evaluate overtopping consequences: the Analytic Network Process (ANP). This methodology was proposed to solve complex decision-making problems and its objective is to calculate the priorities among decision elements which will define their final weights on the consequences. The ANP approach can produce interdependencies between criteria and compute the respective weight of each criterion. Such a network model with dependence and feedback improves the priorities derived from judgements and makes prediction more accurate. So, the ANP allows comparison among clusters of elements. Furthermore, in this methodology we take into account the impacts of alternatives on the importance of criteria, by normalizing the comparison matrix. Thus, the given alternatives can influence the ranking of criteria.Application of the ANP methodology to the case study of Praia da Vitória port is presented and a consequences level map is obtained.

Apresenta-se um novo sistema de alerta para navios amarrados em portos que se encontra em desenvolvimento no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil. O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA é um sistema de previsão e alerta baseado na avaliação do risco associado ao comportamento de navios amarrados em zonas portuárias.Os riscos associados a navios amarrados decorrem de movimentos excessivos, quer no plano horizontal, quer no plano vertical. Estes movimentos podem condicionar as atividades portuárias, nomeadamente cargas e descargas, mas em casos extremos podem levar à ocorrência de situações de emergência, tais como rotura de cabos, rotura de cabeços de amarração ou até colisões com o cais. As consequências deste tipo de situações envolvem sempre grandes prejuízos materiais e por vezes humanos.O sistema SWAMS_ALERTA utiliza as medições e previsões de agitação marítima para a determinação dos seus efeitos em termos de movimentos nos seis graus de liberdade e forças nas amarras e defensas quando o navio se encontra estacionado no cais. Para tal, o sistema recorre a uma série de modelos numéricos, interligados entre si. A comparação destes valores com valores máximos admissíveis pré-estabelecidos permite a avaliação, em tempo real, de situações de emergência e a emissão de alertas dirigidos às entidades portuárias.O sistema é constituído por 4 módulos:I

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