Artigos de Revista

Azulejos have been applied to architectural settings in Portugal for the last five centuries and represent one of its most unique art forms. In this article a group of representative samples regarding the chronology and typology of the majolica azulejos produced by the Lisbon workshops from the second half of the 16th century (beginning of majolica azulejos production in Portugal) up to the first quarter of the 19th century (after which more industrialized manufacturing processes were introduced) are studied. SEM-EDS was used to obtain morphological and chemical information on the glazes, ceramic bodies, and their interfaces. The results show that a major shift from lead-rich to lead-alkali glazes occurred in the transition from the 16th to the 17th century, while from then to the end of the studied period the same basic technology prevailed. The Lisbon tiles production is also considered in the European context.

The sustainable use of resources requires new strategies to transform industrial byproductsinto raw materials for other applications. This approach, inspired by circular economy funda-mentals, can be successfully applied in transportation infrastructures where a significantamount of natural raw materials is generally required. Slags from the steelmaking processin electric arc furnaces are generally of two types: oxidizing (black colored) and reducing(lighter colored). In Portugal, the oxidizing steel slag or electric arc furnace (EAF) with con-trolled production has been certified as

This study compares and discusses the adequacy of surrogate resilience metrics proposed in the literature for resilience assessment of drinking water systems concerning demand increase and network redundancy. A sensitivity analysis is carried out for increasing flow rates using a conceptual case study with different layouts and demand scenarios, selecting several metrics to assess the resilience of two real network areas. Resilience metrics based on surplus energy are sensitive to network layout and demand scenarios. The network resilience index considers hydraulic reliability and network diameter uniformity. In contrast, the weighted resilience index also considers the network topology and gives importance to pipes with higher flow rates. Entropy-based resilience metrics mainly rely on the network flows' uniformity and are sensitive to pipe redundancy. The entropy metric most adequate to assess the hydraulic capacity is the diameter-sensitive flow entropy, since it is sensitive to the velocity inside the pipes. Topology metrics cannot assess the hydraulic capacity though evaluate the system redundancy (meshed-ness coefficient), robustness (central-point dominance) and water transportation efficiency (average-path length). Surrogate resilience metrics do not assess the system performance during a failure. They indicate systems which are better prepared to overcome failure events and increased demand events, providing vital information to drinking water systems management.

Em primeiro lugar faz-se uma introdução ao presente conjunto de artigos sobre habitação intergeracional.No presente artigo cuja temática global é a abordagem de facetas tipológicas específicas da habitação intergeracional, desenvolvem-se, sequencialmente, as seguintes matérias: a habitação para a aposentação

No presente artigo aborda-se, essencialmente, a matéria ligada aos aspetos que devemos privilegiar aquando do projeto, da construção e da gestão de soluções habitacionais dirigidas para pessoas idosas, no sentido em que possam ser proporcionadas caraterísticas vivenciais, domésticas, comuns e urbanas que façam dessas soluções escolhas verdadeiramente apetecíveis pelos seniores; salientando-se aqui e desde já a importância que tem, nestas matérias, o Painel HAPPI - Housing our Ageing Population: Panel for Innovation

A global framework to assess the energy use and efficiency in wastewater systems is presented, focusing on the development of a portfolio of energy use improvement measures specifically tailored to these systems. The framework includes a performance assessment system for energy efficiency in wastewater systems and an energy balance scheme. The development and analysis of the portfolio of measures included the following steps: (i) an extensive review and compilation of existing energy improvement measures on the urban water cycle, (ii) a tailored survey addressed to multidisciplinary teams of wastewater utilities, (iii) the consolidation of the portfolio of measures for wastewater systems with the identification of main benefits and drawbacks of each measure and (iv) the discussion of the application of the improvement measures. Results from the survey for the different assessed dimensions (e.g., priority, importance) of each measure are presented together with a specific analysis of wastewater utilities. The final portfolio is instrumental for utilities to select measures, decide on the priority ones and prepare an implementation plan.

Rigid particle models based on the discrete element method (DEM) have been adopted to model creep, fracture, and the viscoelastic behaviour of asphalt mixtures considering an irregular micro-structure and particle contacts. Within a DEM framework, the Burgers contact model, which is known to have a narrow frequency and temperature range, is usually adopted to model viscoelastic properties. In this study, a new explicit three-dimensional generalised Kelvin (GK) contact model formulation for the DEM model is proposed for asphalt materials. The model is implemented following two different methodologies (GK and GK). The models are validated in uniaxial tension-compression sinusoidal tests for predicting the dynamic modulus () and phase angle (

This paper reports the findings of experimental studies on a novel application of a closed cell expansive polyurethane resin injection into a sand mass, regarding some common engineering properties.Previous papers on injecting expansive polyurethane resins into sand masses as mitigation measures ofdifferent hazards, e.g., liquefaction, settlements and seismic displacements, deal with the open cell sub-class ofpolyurethane resins. Seeking to make up for the shortcomings of open cell methods, the paper addresses aprototype application of a closed cell polyurethane resin for ground improvement/control on sands.A new system for the preparation of the sand-resin mixture (SRM), which mimics the field application conditions, is introduced. It allows to inject the polyurethane resin into saturated sand with a prescribed massdensity.The results of an extensive laboratory testing program are presented and discussed regarding some relevantengineering properties, e.g., Young

A aplicação de produtos de aço em construções de betão armado em Portugal depende da sua prévia Classificação e Certificação.O presente artigo apresenta um estudo comparativo sobre graus de confiança conferidos pelos planos de amostragem e pelos critérios de aceitação estabelecidos nos Procedimentos de Certificação aplicados em Portugal e nas normas EN 10080 e ISO 6935-2, para diferentes características essenciais dos varões de aço, em cada ação de controlo deste produto. Os graus de confiança associados a amostras com resultados nãoconformes são discutidos em pormenor, apresentando-se vários quadros e figuras com a representação da probabilidade de rejeição (ou de aceitação) de lotes não conformes, em função da dimensão das amostras e do número de resultados individuais não conformes. É ainda analisado o critério de avaliação estipulado no Anexo Nacional da EN 13670, sobre a execução de estruturas de betão, para os ensaios de receção dos varões em obra.

Abstract: Fires in large buildings can have tragic consequences, including the loss of human lives.Despite the advancements in building construction and fire safety technologies, the unpredictablenature of fires, particularly in large buildings, remains an enormous challenge. Acknowledging theparamount importance of prioritising human safety, the academic community has been focusingconsistently on enhancing the efficiency of building evacuation. While previous studies have inte-grated evacuation simulation models, aiding in aspects such as the design of evacuation routes andemergency signalling, modelling human behaviour during a fire emergency remains challenging dueto cognitive complexities. Moreover, behavioural differences from country to country add anotherlayer of complexity, hindering the creation of a universal behaviour model. Instead of centring onmodelling the occupant behaviour, this paper proposes an innovative approach aimed at enhancingthe occupants