Artigos de Revista

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Despite numerous qualitative and quantitative studies, the morphodynamic evolution of coastal inlets is far from being completely understood due to the complexity and different time-scales of the physical processes involved. A small coastal inlet system (Aljezur stream, Portuguese Southwest coast) was chosen to implement amonitoring program in order to investigate the inlet and adjacent beach morphologic evolution and response to the incident factors on a monthly time-scale. Topo-bathymetric surveys and video-images were acquired between April 2008 and September 2010 and morphologic parameters and their possible relation with forcingmechanisms (tide, waves and fluvial discharge) was evaluated. Results show that the system reveals different time-scale response to the forcing factors and a remarkable high morphologic resilience to tidal prism and wave action, only altered when strong fluvial discharges occur. Inlet channel morphologic evolution was expressedmainly by the parallel displacement of the northern bank forced by the beach plan form oscillations. The channel displayed a flat bottom with an almost constant depth, as well the straight alignment into the beach(inlet channel configuration A). When extreme fluvial discharges occur the inlet channel widens and its pathwayfreely migrates crossing the foreshore (configuration B). The present study allowed a detailed morphologic characterization of Aljezur coastal system and enhanced the understanding of the morphodynamics and itsrelationship with the controlling factors. This knowledge provides important information to support the development of future inlet monitoring programs and to forecast system evolution.

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O Método de Avaliação das Necessidade de Reabilitação estabelece um conjunto de procedimentos que permite determinar as necessidades de reabilitação de um edifício de modo a dotá-lo de características que assegurem a satisfação das exigências funcionais num nível não inferior ao estabelecido na legislação aplicável ou convencionado pelas regras da boa prática. A satisfação das exigências funcionais pode estar comprometida por anomalias construtivas e/ou espaciais. Da aplicação do método resulta informação que permite avaliar a viabilidade do edifício.O Método foi desenvolvido no Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil com vista a apoiar a análise das condições de habitabilidade do edificado do Bairro do Alto da Cova da Moura.Neste artigo são apresentados o modelo de avaliação, os critérios de avaliação, a fórmula de cálculo, as ponderações, os instrumentos de aplicação, a aplicação experimental e para concluir algumas notas finais.

Historical mortars from sixteenth to seventeenth century military forts located at the mouth of the Tagus River in Lisbon have been characterized by polarized light microscopy (PLM), thermal analysis (TG/DTA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy / energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). The results indicate that the mortars used were all hydraulic lime-based. The presence of well-rounded lime lumps indicates a limited use of water during the lime hydration process. The detection of hydrated calcium chloroaluminate and carboaluminate compounds mostly at binder-aggregate interfaces provides evidence for the onset of pozzolanic reactions during mortar production as further confirmed by the presence of ceramic fragments in the aggregate fractions intentionally added by the fort builders to increase the hydraulic properties of the mortars. The higher mechanical strength and greater resistance to degradation processes imparted by these pozzolanic compounds could explain why, despite the extreme proximity of the investigated sites to the sea, salt weathering processes do not appear to have significantly affected the studied mortars.

Historical mortars from sixteenth to seventeenth century military forts located at the mouth of the Tagus River in Lisbon have been characterized by polarized light microscopy (PLM), thermal analysis (TG/DTA), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy + energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM + EDS). The results indicate that the mortars used were all hydraulic lime-based. The presence of well-rounded lime lumps indicates a limited use of water during the lime hydration process. The detection of hydrated calcium chloroaluminate and carboaluminate compounds mostly at binder-aggregate interfaces provides evidence for the onset of pozzolanic reactions during mortar production as further confirmed by the presence of ceramic fragments in the aggregate fractions intentionally added by the fort builders to increase the hydraulic properties of the mortars. The higher mechanical strength and greater resistance to degradation processes imparted by these pozzolanic compounds could explain why, despite the extreme proximity of the investigated sites to the sea, salt weathering processes do not appear to have significantly affected the studied mortars.

As embocaduras de pequenas lagunas são frequentemente instáveis. Por razões ecológicas, estas embocaduras são muitas vezes abertas artificialmente, e deixadas evoluir até fecharem naturalmente. Este artigo apresenta a simulação da evolução natural da embocadura da Lagoa de Santo André após a sua abertura, através da aplicação de um modelo numérico morfodinâmico suportado por extensas campanhas de recolha de dados de campo. O comportamento da embocadura nos primeiros dias após a abertura é correctamente reproduzido, apesar de ter sido necessário introduzir no modelo processos físicos anteriormente negligenciados: as perdas de carga associadas aos ressaltos hidráulicos e o escorregamento de taludes laterais. Pelo contrário, o modelo subestima a colmatação da embocadura, não conseguindo, por isso, reproduzir correctamente o seu fecho. Causas possíveis para esta limitação incluem, entre outras, a não reprodução pelo modelo do transporte na zona de espraio.

This study aims at understanding the fecalcontamination behavior in a small coastal stream (Aljezur, Portugal), which has significant economic and ecologicalvalues. Like in most small coastal systems, circulation and water renewal in the Aljezur stream exhibit a strong variability due to their dependence on tides, waves, intermittent river flows, and a highly variable morphology.Hence, the problem was approached through acombination of field surveys and the development and application of a hard-coupled three-dimensional hydrodynamicand fecal contamination model. Salinity andtemperature results have shown that mixing and transport in the stream are very sensitive to the river flow and wind forcing. The model is able to represent the main patterns and trends observed in Escherichia coli and fecal enterococcus concentrations along the stream, for different environmental and contamination conditions, suggesting die-off rates on the order of 0.50

In concrete arch dam foundations, potential failure mechanisms are typically defined by natural rock discontinuities or the concrete-rock interface. Discrete element models are particularly adequate for the safety assessment of these failure scenarios, given their ability to represent the geologic structure of the rock mass, as well as the concrete cantilevers. Application of these procedures to 2 large dams presently under construction in Portugal, Baixo Sabor and Alto Ceira arch dams, is presented. The numerical models represent the foundation rock mass as a system of deformable blocks defined by the main faults and joint sets identified at the site. The safety analysis is performed by progressive reduction of strength along the discontinuities until the failure condition is reached.

The estimation of the bed shear stress is a crucial step in many sediment transport formulae since, when bedloadis dominant, sediment transport can be parameterized in terms of the bed shear stress. In this work, theperformance of a new bed shear stress estimator for nonlinear waves is analysed. The effects of velocity andacceleration skewness are incorporated in the time-varying bed shear stress using two parameters: the index ofskewness or nonlinearity, r, and the waveform parameter,