Artigos de Revista

This study highlights the continued need for numerical simulation methods to predict the earthquakeresponse and damage of masonry mosques, despite recent advances in research. TheKamanl

Traditional dam safety methods, based on visual inspections and manual monitoring,have long been the standard for ensuring the stability and safety of dams. However, asthe scale and complexity of dam projects have increased, these methods have becomeincreasingly insufficient. Major limitations of traditional dam safety methods are theexistence of deficient observation plans and the potential for human error. Inspectorsmay miss crucial signs of deterioration or failure, and manual monitoring can be prone to inaccuracies. In addition, as the number of (aged and new) dams continues to increase,it becomes increasingly difficult and resource-intensive to manually inspect and monitoreach one. Another limitation of traditional dam safety methods is that they are typicallyreactive rather than proactive. They focus on identifying and addressing problems afterthey have already occurred, rather than predicting and preventing them.In contrast, modern techniques such as remote sensing, drones, and sensor networkscan provide more accurate, real-time data on dam conditions. They can also be used tocontinuously monitor dams, providing an early warning of potential problems. ArtificialIntelligence (AI) can be applied to the data collected from these modern techniques foridentifying patterns and anomalies that may indicate a potential problem. AI algorithmscan be used in the decision-making process for dam safety by providing accurate andupdated risk analysis.

Understanding urban mobility patterns within public transportation (PT) systems is key for cities to improve services and promote sustainable mobility. Exploring daily PT riders

The yield strength of the steel rebars is one of their essential characteristics considered in the safety checking of reinforced concrete structures. It may present substantial variations, due to the influence of different factors This paper presents a statistical study of the yield strength Re of A500 steel rebars used in Portugal, from three different ductility classes according to the Eurocode 2. The statistical distributions of Re are based on a very large collection of more than 30 000 test results, obtained from 1994 to 2019. These rebars were produced by several dozens of different manufacturers, mostly from foreign countries. The detailed data presented here, about the main statistical parameters of the Re distributions and their variation with the rebars grade and diameter, for instance, may be useful for different studies,such as structural refurbishment projects to evaluate the safety of existing structures, in their actual state or after their restoration.

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Mainland Portugal presents an extensive, diversified and complex coastal zone. This diversity gives rise to diverse geomorphologic features which support different densities of human occupancy and a range of land uses and activities. In this sense, the coastal zone becomes an area of great national strategic value, but has also into a multi-hazard zone. To understand this complexity, two statistical techniques, namely Cluster Analysis and Principal Component Analysis, were used to identify and differentiate, between the different coastal typologies, based on a set of variables that express the territorial complexity and the occurrences and impacts of coastal flooding. The chosen methodology enabled a diverse set of coastal typologies to be identified, which contributes towards differentiating local specific characteristics. The holistic and differentiating nature of the applied methodology and the results obtained allows it to contribute to the definition of mitigation strategies and the implementation of adaptation measures. The results enable us to define a set of typologies associated with Coastal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management which are an important contribution to comprehensive coastal flood risk assessment and management.

Fires in tunnels are a major concern due to the casualties they may cause. Therefore, forcedventilation is mandatory in long tunnels, despite the significant associated costs. In shorter tunnels,however, natural ventilation may be sufficient to comply with safety regulations. Accordingly, theanalysis of natural fire smoke flow is relevant for tunnels shorter than 1000 m. This paper presentsa computational investigation of the influence of the tunnel slope on the contamination of the coldlower layer with smoke and discusses how it impairs the user

The increasing demand for the development and expansion of transport infrastructuresrequires alternative solutions that are economically and environmentally viable to providethe necessary raw materials. Transport infrastructures consume a large amount of naturalaggregates; however, from a circular economy perspective, industrial by-products can effec-tively replace these materials. This avoids the environmental impacts associated with the ex-traction of natural raw materials and simultaneously provides a destination for the industrialby-products. For this purpose, it is important to evaluate if existing standards and technicalrequirements that were developed for natural aggregates are suitable for industrial by-prod-ucts. This review study is focused on slags from steelmaking process in electric arc furnaces,which are generally of two types: oxidizing (black colored) and reducing (lighter colored), spe-cifically addressing the requirements of these materials for the granular layers of transportinfrastructures. The chemical composition of the slags is analyzed as well as its physicaland mechanical characteristics, swelling behavior, and leachate content, discussing testing pro-cedures and technical specifications.

To reach European climate neutrality by 2050, the strategic importance of retrofitting the existing building stock is clear. For this scope, thermal rendering systems have emerged as a very feasible solution for historic and traditionally constructed walls. Nonetheless, a definitive guideline for the selection of suitable solutions for the application in this context is not yet available. This research aims at providing recommendations for the choice of hygric-compatible solutions in an early-stage design, for the context of temperate climates with mild winters. In this study, the massive masonry walls of three historic buildings located in Portugal and Italy are considered. Mono-dimensional hygrothermal simulations are validated against the data measured on-site. Simulations are then used to evaluate the impact of thermal renders on the walls, in comparison to more common insulation materials. Two moisture-related risks are considered: moisture accumulation and reduction of drying. This investigation shows that, for traditional porous walls, retrofitted configurations should be simulated not only under typical operational conditions but also considering a very high initial water content in the wall substrate, when the insulation is applied. Otherwise, moisture-related risks may be overlooked. Recommendations on the choice of thermal rendering systems are provided.

Depois de se apresentarem algumas notas introdutórias ao presente conjunto de artigos sobre habitação intergeracional avança-se para a temática direcionada para o privilegiar do desenvolvimento de tipologias residenciais etariamente dirigidas, repartindo-se a matéria em duas partes: uma delas ligada à renovação tipológica residencial numa fase tardia da nossa vida e a outra ao desenvolvimento de tipologias e soluções para habitações amigas dos idosos, numa reflexão ainda de enquadramento.A primeira parte aborda sequencialmente a questão do como habitar melhor numa fase tardia da nossa vida e, depois a relação entre a renovação tipológica habitacional e a atual