Artigos de Revista

Urban environments are challenged with unprecedented anthropogenic and natural pressures, the latter being accelerated by the growing awareness of the consequences of climate change. The concept of urban resilience has been growing in response, since it allows us to understand city behaviour as a system of systems, improving its response to extreme climate-related events. This paper presents the EU H2020 Resilience to Cope with Climate Change in Urban Areas (RESCCUE) project approach in Lisbon

The capability of two di erent OpenFOAM® solvers, namely interFoam and twoPhaseEulerFoam, in reproducing the behavior of a free water jet was investigated. Numerical simulations were performed in order to obtain the velocity and air concentration profiles along the jet. The turbulence intensity was also analyzed. The obtained results were compared with published experimental data and, in general, similar velocity and air concentration profiles were found. InterFoam solver is able to reproduce the velocity field of the free jet but has limitations in the simulation of the air concentration. TwoPhaseEulerFoam performs better in reproducing the airconcentration along the jet, the results being in agreement with the experimental data, although the computational runs are less stable and more time consuming. The sensitivity analysis of the inlet turbulent intensity showed that it has no influence in the characteristics of the jet core. With this research it is possible to conclude that: interFoam with k-Epsilon (k-") turbulence model is the best choice if the goal of the numerical simulations is the simulation of the velocity field of the jet. Meanwhile, twoPhaseEulerFoam with mixturek-Epsilon (mk-") shall be considered if the objective is the simulation of the velocity field and the air concentration.

The response of three full-scale unreinforced masonry buildings, without specific seismic detailing, as observed in shake table testing at LNEC for a seismic action representative of induced seismicity, is presented. The first building specimen simulated the upper floor and roof of the end-unit of a two-storey terraced house, built with unreinforced cavity walls, a reinforced concrete slab and a pitched timber roof. The second specimen was a replica of the roof of the first building. The third specimen represented instead a one-story detached pre-1940

Concentration polarization is a phenomenon inherent to membrane separation operations and as a precursor of membrane fouling is frequently related to the decrease in the performance of these operations. In the present work, a case-specific mass transfer correlation was developed to assess the concentration polarization when nanofiltration, in different operating conditions, was applied to treat a pharmaceutical wastewater containing atenolol. NF runs with two membranes, two atenolol concentrations and three feed circulating velocities were conducted, and the corresponding experimental mass transfer coefficients were determined using film theory to describe the concentration polarization phenomenon. Higher velocities led to higher mass transfer coefficients and, consequently, lower concentration polarization. These mass transfer coefficients were correlated with the circulating velocity (Re), the solute diffusivity (Sc) and the membrane permeability (LPþ) (the membrane is a permeable interface with effect on the concentration profiles developed from the interface towards the bulk feed), yielding the following correlation Sh ¼ 1.98 × 104Re0.5Sc0.33LP þ0.32. The good agreement between the calculated and the experimental results makes this correlation a valuable tool for water practitioners to predict and control the concentration polarization during atenolol-rich wastewater treatment by nanofiltration, thereby increasing its productivity and selectivity.

Concentration polarization is a phenomenon inherent to membrane separation operations and as a precursor of membrane fouling is frequently related to the decrease in the performance of these operations. In the present work, a case-specific mass transfer correlation was developed to assess the concentration polarization when nanofiltration, in different operating conditions, was applied to treat a pharmaceutical wastewater containing atenolol. NF runs with two membranes, two atenolol concentrations and three feed circulating velocities were conducted, and the corresponding experimental mass transfer coefficients were determined using film theory to describe the concentration polarization phenomenon. Higher velocities led to higher mass transfer coefficients and, consequently, lower concentration polarization. These mass transfer coefficients were correlated with the circulating velocity (Re), the solute diffusivity (Sc) and the membrane permeability (LP+) (the membrane is a permeable interface with effect on the concentration profiles developed from the interface towards the bulk feed), yielding the following correlation Sh = 1.98 × 104Re0.5Sc0.33LP+0.32. The good agreement between the calculated and the experimental results makes this correlation a valuable tool for water practitioners to predict and control the concentration polarization during atenolol-rich wastewater treatment by nanofiltration, thereby increasing its productivity and selectivity.

As áreas urbanas constituem sistemas dinâmicos, complexos e vulneráveis envolvendo múltiplos serviços urbanos estratégicos, como os serviços de águas e resíduos. As pressões e impactos causados por eventos climáticos, como chuvas fortes, efeitos de maré ou secas, podem ter impactos significativos nestes serviços causando efeitos em cascata, com graves consequências para pessoas, ambiente natural e economia.

As tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) podem ser ferramentas inovadoras para a interação com e entre os utilizadores do espaço público. Por um lado, as ferramentas digitais (smartphones, relógios inteligentes, tablets, portáteis, etc.) colaboram para intermediar a criação de contextos socio-espaciais interativos; por outro, as TIC podem ser consideradas como recurso instigador de processos de planeamento mais colaborativos e participativos. O artigo discute alguns benefícios e desafios que as TIC apresentam no âmbito do aperfeiçoar o conhecimento sobre a relação entre espaço público aberto, pessoas e práticas sociais; e no que respeita à mediação e ao fomento de processos participativos na produção do espaço através do recurso às dinâmicas de cocriação. Para o desenvolvimento desta reflexão, realiza-se uma abordagem teórica e enquadradora a partir de perspetivas etnográficas e de planeamento e recorre-se ao conhecimento adquirido e experiências protagonizadas nos projetos CyberParks e C3Places.

Portuguese forests are mainly composed of hardwoods, which represent 69% of the forest area in 2010, being Blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.) the most abundant species (26%). The suitability of Blue gum for structural applications was demonstrated in previous studies. However, the most common uses are still related to the pulp and paper industry as well as energy production, mainly due to sawing and drying issues. The present paper describes a preliminary study on the potential application of non-destructive tests and analytical methods to predict the most important mechanical properties of glued laminated timber (glulam) beams made of Blue gum. The potential of mixed beams made of Blue gum and poplar was also analysed. The longitudinal vibration method and the transformed section method were considered. A total of 11 non-finger jointed full-scale glulam beams (7 of Blue gum and 4 mixed) were manufactured in the laboratory and tested for modulus of elasticity and bending strength assessment. After the bending tests, the density and moisture content of the beams were determined, and the bonding performance was checked by delamination and shear strength tests. Correlation coefficients were established between the predicted values and the experimentally assessed mechanical properties, indicating a huge potential of the predictive methods used. The mechanical properties of non-finger jointed beams tested were above the typical values found in the literature for the most common hardwoods available in European forest.

Reducing the cement content of concrete is of paramount importance towards sustainability, since its production process is highly energy-consuming and delivers massive CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. In this paper, the bond behaviour between steel and stainless-steel reinforcing bars and Low Binder Concrete (LBC), produced with approximately one half and almost one fourth of the minimum cement content prescribed in the standards, is experimentally investigated. Results show the compactness of the mixture to be the main parameter controlling bond development, more than the mixture compressive strength as suggested in published results and standards. A more compact and denser mixture increases the contact surface between the reinforcing bars and concrete, improving friction between both. LBC mixtures with lowered cement content, up to almost one fourth of the minimum recommended, can be used without jeopardizing the bond strength of reinforcing bars. LBC mixturespromise to be a fitting approach towards greater sustainability in the concrete production sector.